FACTORS IN READING

Objectives
Stance
Texts
Tactics
FOUR important factors in
reading.
Objectives

Stance

Texts

Tactics
Reading Objectives

Initial Immediate
Objective Objective

When we
decide to look When we start
for and choose to read
a text
Casual General
Time to fill. An academic,
Idle curiosity professional or
towards general specialist interest in
interest in a subject a subject or topic
or topic

Direct Transferred
A definite need for The task of finding
some consequent information for somebody
else.
activity. Reviewing, translating, or
A need to confirm ones summarizing a part of a
suppositions, particular text
suspicions, or belief.
Readers Stance
Readers attitude towards the text that
he/she is about to read.

Submissive
Stance
Assertive Stance
 The reader may accept the writers
framework and follow the way the writer
has arranged the content of the text-
SUBMISSIVE.
The reader may disregard the writers

framework and simply take what he/she

needs from the text-ASSERTIVE.
 Readers stance is influenced not only by
the reading objectives but also by the type
of text.
Certain types of texts demand a submissive

stance, whereas other types allow, or even

invite, the reader to be assertive.
Types of Texts.

We can classify texts in different ways

which are:

1. Field 2. Medium 3. Register

 Casual, personal, transactional, l
reference, academic, Functiona
pedagogical
Novel, short story, essay, poetry,
& drama
Artistic
Mediums of Text
 Casual: newspaper, magazines and etc.
Personal: letters, diaries.
Transactional: business letters,

memorandum, legal documents, reports &

instruction.
Reference: dictionaries, catalogues,

directories, inventories.
Pedagogical: Textbooks, encyclopaedias
Academic: Research papers, theses,

specialist books and journals.

Reading Tactics
Refer to the ways of actual reading
A. Skimming
B. Scanning
C. Sequential reading
D. Focused reading.
 Running the eyes through the text in
order to fnd parts of it that wants or
Scanning
needs to read.
Assertive stance.
The tactic of running the eyes over
the text for a general impression of
Skimming
its character and content
Submissive Stance
Exercis
e
Skimming & scanning
Skimming
Look at each of the following lists of words
and suggest a title for each.
LIST OF WORDS

Blackbirds, canaries, sparrows, budgie, gull

Daffodils, daisies, roses, sweet peas, carnations

Airplanes, trains, ferries, buses, liners

Flies, bluebottles, beetles, wasps, bees

Oak, ash, elm, chestnut, beech, willow

Scanning
Andrews Mary V, 10 White Street O18 4163402

Baker James, 84 Manor Drive 018 4165116

Shah Jahan, 31 Mair Road 018 4423007

Dewar Dr George, 50 High Street 0184162443

Ferguson Fiona Y, 63 Bridge Crescent Lestin 612

Munro David, 7A East Road 018- 4163556

Oliver John C, 14 Bridge Grove Lestin 228

 Associated with an assertive stance. Reading
The intensive reading of the text of
special intense which have been
Focused
found by means of scanning.
l Reading
Linear processing of the text-starting
from beginning toward the end.
Sequentia