Cis and trans acting

sRNA
Regulation of Gene Expression
 Introduction
Small RNAs are often defined as short non-coding transcripts that, together
with the RNA chaperone, Hfq, act in trans to control the translation or
stability of target mRNAs.

Ex - (Fig 1) The predicted secondary structure

of sRNADsrAand its binding information
with targethns, as well as the binding
region list of sRNADsrAwith other targets
are displayed, from which the structure
features of the binding regions between an sRNA
and its targets can be explored.

Fig 1
Different types of sRNAs based on their mechanism of action
Trans-encoded sRNAs can base-pair imperfectly with mRNA targets and
either (A) repress or (B) activate translation. Alternatively, (C) some trans-
encoded sRNAs interact with proteins, including transcription factors, and
inhibit their activity. Cis-encoded antisense sRNAs can also either (D) activate
or (E) repress protein expression. Colored arrows represent RNA transcripts;
black boxes indicate Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequences. Dashed colored arrows
represent unstable transcripts. Dashed black arrows represent hypothetical
mechanistic steps of sRNA-mediated regulatory pathways.
Functionalization of an
Antisense Small RNA