ENERGY METERS

TONG TESTER
tong tester (or)clamp meter?
An electrical meter with integral AC current clamp is known as a
clamp meter, clamp-on ammeter (or) tong tester.

(or)
Aclamp meteris an electricaltesterthat combines a basic digital
multimeter with a current sensor.Clampsmeasure current. Probes
measure voltage.
 Types of tong tester
olden methods are:- (without core )
Iron vane method
Hall effect method
Rogowski Coil

Modern method are:- (with core)

Current transformer
 Iron vane method:-
In the iron vane type, the magnetic flux in the core directly affects a
moving iron vane, allowing both AC and DC to be measured, and
gives a true RMS value for non-sinusoidal AC waveforms. Due to its
physical size it is generally limited to power transmission
frequencies up to around 100Hz.
The vane is usually fixed directly to the display mechanism of an
analogue (moving pointer) clamp meter.

Hall effect method:-

TheHall effect type is more sensitive and is able to measure both
DC and AC. This type was often used with oscilloscope, and with
high-end computerized digital multimeters.

Rogowski Coil method:-

The Rogowski coil gives a voltage proportional to the rate of change
of current in the primary cable, so more signal processing is needed
before the sensed values can be displayed.
Block diagram of tong tester
 Working of tong tester
Normally, Tong Tester functions on the fundamentals of Current-
transformer. Whenever a current flows through a conducting
material, it causes the generation of magnetic-flux. Now, let us
assume that the conducting material from which the current is
passing through is the primary arm of the transformer. Due to the
currents movement, a magnetic-flux is generated in it. When the
arm of tong tester is placed for measurement, it acts as a secondary
winding of the transformer.
The arm of tong tester senses the magnetic flux of the primary
winding (i.e. conductor) and hence a current in proportion to the
primary-current is generated by electromagnetic-induction. This
arm of the tong tester is connected to a measurement circuitry
which in turn provides the current-reading finally.
Different types of clamp
meters
 Applications of clamp meter:-
Verifying current flow in plating tanks, coating systems and
welding equipment.
AC or DC measurement in all lines.
Load determination distribution between generators operating in
parallel.
Load distribution on feeders, transformer banks, switches, fuses,
motors, transformers, generators, arc welders, plating diodes, rapid
transit trains, engine batteries, etc.
Calibration adjusting and checking on overload relays, accelerating
relays and other current operating devices.
Location of open phases.
 1000A AC/DC DIGITAL CLAMP METER:-

Display- 3 digit
Dc voltage- 400mv-4v-40v-400v-1000v
Accuracy- 0.5%
Ac voltage- 4v -40v-400v-750v
Accuracy- 0.8%
Resistance- 400-4k-400k-4m-40m
Accuracy- 0.8%
Capacitance- 40nf-400nf-4f-40-100f
Accuracy- 3%
Frequency- 9.999HZ-99.99HZ-9.999HZ-99.99KHZ
Thank you