Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
47 min
Materials Technology
Classification of Materials
Classification of Materials
Plastics
Wood
Composites
Ceramics
Metals
Fabrics Linen,
Layers
Balsacotton,
Tungsten
Steel,of nylon,
aluminium Kevlar
polycarbonate,
carbide
Acrylic model bit
woodlens tool
aluminium & acrylic
Classification of Materials (Plastics)
Carbon
Outer Cylinder
Thrust
Combustion
reinforced
Kevlar,
skin
Cylinder
Glass
panels linings
chamber
taffeta
plastic
reinforced
chamber
linings
& for
polyester
fuselage
of rocket
plastic
jet
A380
sails
engine
hull
Classification of Materials (Ceramics)
Ferrous High
Stainless
Brass
Copper
Aluminium
Speed steel Non-Ferrous
Steel
Steels Aluminium
Natural Synthetic
Cotton Nylon
Canvas Polyester
Materials used
Cotton in Colourful
Canvas space
T-shirt
Polyester suits
(design
Polyester
deck
marine include
&
chair
nylon print
kite
rope- aluminized Mylar, neoprene
projects)
spinnaker
less
coated nylon,stretch
dacron,
thanurethane
nylon- coated nylon,
resists UV lighttricot and spandex.
The outer layer is a blend of Gortex, Kevlar and Nomex
Engineering Materials
Classification of Materials
(Smart Materials)
A smart material can be described as a
material that has a useful response to
external influences or stimuli.
There are many examples of smart materials in everyday
use that are not modern developments they include;
Metal springs
Light bulbs self regulate because as
The filament temperature increases
their resistance rises
Ancient civilisations have long used
porous ceramics for self regulating cooling
Wine Cooler
Classification of Materials
(Smart Materials)
Other more modern examples of smart
materials include;
Shape memory polymers and alloys
Heat shrink
Smart Wire tubing and packaging
Automatic actuators open/close greenhouse windows
Smart Linklinear,
Actuators, Silicone
angular and rotary
Thermostats for heating control
Anthromorphic actuation
Allows rotary motion human
between like
shafts uprobotic
to 360motion
0
Smart Fluids
Motion control
Piezoelectric gel CD tray opening/closing, camera lenses
Materials
Ferro fluids earthquake dampers in buildings, hard disks
Chameleon Colours
Sensors, musical cards, motors, actuators, clocks
Car paints, printing inks, packaging
Classification of Materials
(Smart Materials)
Other more modern examples of smart
materials include;
Polymorph
QTC Pill
Classification of Materials
(Smart Materials)
Other more modern examples of smart
materials include;
Quantum Tunnelling Composite (QTC)
Firm
Before
Light pressure
pressure
Pressure being
is applied
being applied
applied
A Typical Colour Code (while purchasing materials)
Carbon Steel
CARBON STEEL
C.D. 1018 NO COLOR /////
CL II COPPER ORANGE
For others: please visit the different standards or attached word file
CL III COPPER BROWN
Material Properties
Knowledge of material properties
Application
Design of components
Material protection (from corrosion,
damage, etc.)
Material properties
1. Physical properties
2. Mechanical properties
3. Chemical properties
Physical properties
Material Properties
aluminium
rubber
ceramics
steel
copper
lead
nylon
cast iron
wood
Which properties do the following
materials possess?
Material Properties
aluminium lightness ; strength
rubber elasticity ; insulation
ceramics thermal resistivity
steel strength
copper conductivity ; corrosion resistance
lead high density; ductility
nylon strength ; toughness
cast iron damping capacity
wood insulation ; environmental friendliness
Find application for the following
engineering materials:
Material Application
aluminium
rubber
ceramics
steel
copper
lead
nylon
cast iron
wood
Find application for the following
engineering materials:
Material Application
aluminium foil; aircraft; window frame
rubber tyres,; seal; gasket
ceramics furnace; brick
steel section; pipe
copper pipe; cables
lead storage battery; radiation protection
ballast; bullets
nylon rope; clothing
cast iron engine block; valves
wood furniture; deck
Material with greatest density
Material Conductivity
Silver 63 x 106 S/m (1/ohm)
Copper
59.6 x 106 S/m (1/ohm)
Gold
45.2 x 106 S/m (1/ohm)
Aluminium
37.8 x 106 S/m (1/ohm)
The best insulator
DUCTILE FALURE
MATERIAL
MACHININGNG
DUCTILE
MATERIAL
ELASTIC
ZONE
R
E Tensile Residual Stress
S
S Decreases Surface
Properties
Compressive Residual Stress STRAIN
Improves Surface Properties
RAW
MATERIAL
TO FINISHED
PRODUCT
C
A
R COMPONENT-1
S
A M
T
W A
COMPONENT-2 I C
N H
M G I
COMPONENT-3 N JOINING
A S
I
F N &
T P E F
COMPONENT-4 O C G ASSEMBL
R O
O Y
E IR N
R
M
R MM D I
COMPONENT-5 AI A N
I R G
R Y
Y
N
A COMPONENT-6 G
L
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES IN
SEQUENCE
A PRODUCTION CYCLE
ENGG. FINISHED
MATERIAL PRODUCT
Production
PROCESS - n
Cycle Time = T
PROCESS - 2 PROCESS - i
HANDLING ( i 1)
ENERGY FORM FOR MATERIAL DEFORMATION
MECHANICAL DEPORMATION
ELECTRICAL
OPTICAL D = K En T
CHEMICAL
RAW MATERIAL
Where,
K is a Constant depends
MICROWAVE MAGNETIC
on,
Material property
NUCLEAR Energy coupling
E is the energy supply
COMPONENT
n depends on coupling
energy
and
T is the time of interaction
EQUIVAENCE BETWEEN MACHINING & ENERGY BEAM
PROCESSING
ENERGY
LOSS
DEFORMED
TOOL SURFACE
(MACHINED)
WORK
Solution approach
Micro Mechanics
CUTTING
VELOCITY
Micro Energy
CONVETIONAL Transfer
UNCONVETIONAL
ENERGY
SOURCE
REFLECTION REFLECTION Deformation, D = K En T
Where, K = material constant
E = the supply energy
n = coupling coefficient
WORK
DEFORMATION
TRANSMITION
ENERGY COUPLING COEFFICIENT
SHAPING OF COMPONENTS
BY MATERIAL
MICRO MACHINING
ROLLING ADDITION
CASTING or JOINING
FORGING
LIQUID TO SOLID IN LAYERS