SELF HEALING

CONCRETE
BIO-CONCRETE

Prabhat kumar sahu

0901109200
Civil engg
INTRODUCTION
Concrete is the most widely used material for
construction.
It has low tensile strength than compressive
strength.
So is most effective when reinforced by steel
bars.
Concrete is a brittle material with low
tolerance for strain.
So it forms cracks, leading to
corrosion
water ingress
Decrease in durability
increasing maintenance cost
self healing concrete is a solution to all
above.
Here we will induce self healing property
using JC3 (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria.
 Bacillus
subtilis(JC3)
JC3 is a gram
+ve bacteria
Can be
cultivated easily
in lab with
minimum cost
It is non-
pathogenic
EXPERIMENTAL
PROGRAMME
Objectives
Experimental procedure
Chemical reactions
Experimental results
OBJECTIVE

Analysis of compressive strength with varying

bacterial con.
Analysis of split tensile strength .
Effect of bacterial conc. on different grades of
concrete
Procedure
JC3 bacteria is added to concrete with Calcium
lactate as feeding material.
The conc. of JC3 bacteria is proportional to
H2O conc.
Calcium lactate & JC3 mixture is added in form
of palates .
Initially JC3 bacteria spores remain in
dormant state
These spores germinate when come in contact
with H2O in temp around 25deg.
When cracks are formed ,the local palates
also breaks releasing JC3
Water also seeps through cracks
Bacterial spores germinates when comes in
contact with H2O
JC3 feeds on Calcium lactate forming CaCO3
which precipitates on cracks.
This process is known as Microbiologically
Induced Calcium Carbonate
precipitation(MICCP)
Chemical process
MICCP involves a complicated chain of
reaction.
But can sum up to following two steps
Ca2+ + Cell Cell-Ca2+
Cell-Ca2+ + CO32- Cell-CaCO3
Surface 1 :Concrete surface
Surface 2 : CaCO3 ptt
PLAIN CONCRETE BACTERIAL
CONCRETE
Experimental results
Cell Conc./ml of Compressive % increase
water strength
(28 days)(Mpa)
NIL 51.81 _

10^4 58.02 11.99

10^5 61.79 16.15

10^6 57.21 10.42

10^7 54.66 5.51

Compressive strength (28 days)
Grade of Controlled Bacterial % increase
concrete concrete concrete
(Mpa) (Mpa)

M 20 28.18 32.74 16.18

M 40 51.19 60.17 17.54

M 60 72.61 94.21 29.75

M 80 93.8 119.2 27.08

Spliting tensile strength
No of days Controlled Bacterial %increase
concrete concrete
(Mpa) (Mpa)
7 3.78 4.30 13.75

14 4.62 5.28 14.28

28 4.85 5.74 18.35

Prctical use
The use of Self healing concrete has been
very limited world wide .
The concept is still in developing stage & on
the way to large scale use.
In India no use of this has been done.
A group of professors in JNTU are researching
on bacterial concrete.
CONCLUSION
Based on the present experimental
investigations, the following conclusions are
drawn:

decrease of permeability of water and other

liquids in concrete.
increases the compressive strength of
concrete. The compressive strength
Splitting tensile strength is increased
All over maintenance cost is minimized
From all above results we can consider non
pathogenic bacteria as a major material for
inducing self healing property in concrete.
Now self healing concrete can be said to be
future material.
Referrence
Wang, J., Van Tittelboom, K., De Belie N., and
Verstraete, W.. "Use of Silica Gel or Polyurethane
Immobilized Bacteria for Self-healing Concrete."
Construction and Building Materials 26.1 (2012):
532-40.Print.
Li, V., University of Michigan, Self-healing
concrete for safer, more durable infrastructure.
Science Daily,22 Apr. 2009. Web. 28 Feb. 2012.
Jonkers, H. M., A. Thijssen, G. Muyzer, O.
Copuroglu, and Schlangen, E. "Application of
Bacteria as Selfhealing Agent for the Development
of Sustainable Concrete." Elsevier. Elsevier B.V.,
30 Dec. 2008. Web. 25Feb. 2012.
 Brownell, Blaine. "Self-Healing Concrete." Architect,
The AIA Magazine (2011): 90-91. Print. O'Driscoll,
Cath. "Bacteria Fill in the Gaps in Concrete."
Chemistry & Industry (2010). Web. 11 Feb. 2012.
Zwaag, S. Van Der, and Schmets A. J. Self Healing
Materials: An Alternative Approach to 20 Centuries of
Materials Science. Dordrecht, The Netherlands:
Springer, 2007. Print.
Yonkers, H. M., and E. Schlangen. "Crack Repair by
Concrete-immobilized Bacteria." Proc. of First
International Conference on Self Healing Materials,
Delft University of Technology, Noordwijk Aan Zee.
Springer, 2007. Print