UBND TNH BNH DNG KHOA KHOA HC T NHIN

TRNG I HC TH DU MT LP D13HHC01

BO CO TIU LUN
HA DU
Nm hc: 2016 - 2017

P SUT HI
BO HA
GVHD: TS. L Thanh Thanh
SV thc hin: Nhm 3
 DANH SCH NHM 3
1. on Th Dim Trang
2. Nguyn ng Thy Tin
3. L Th Dim Trang
4. L Ngc Tm
5. Trn Th Hoa
6. L Vn Thng

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N

1 p sut hi bo ha.
I
D 2 Phn on kh.
U
3 Phn on xng.
N
G

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1 p sut hi bo ha
L p sut hi m ti th
hi cn bng vi th lng.
nh ngha
L i lng c trng cho
kh nng bay hi ca phn
ngha on xng.

p sut hi bo ha cng ln,

Mi lin h vi bay hi cng cao.
hidrocacbon

Nhit .
Yu t lin quan
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2 Phn on kh
2.1. Kh lm nguyn liu tng hp ha du
2.1.1.Tng hp amoniac

Chuyn ha kh thin nhin thnh kh tng hp:
CH4 + O2 CO + 2H2
CH4 + H2O CO + 3H2
CO + H2O CO2 + H2
Giai on tng hp amoniac:
N2 + 3H2 2NH3 + Q

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2.1.2.Tng hp metanol

Tng hp metanol bng cch oxy ha khng hon

ton metan. Phn ng xy ra theo c ch chui:
CH4 CH3 + H
CH3 + O CH3O
CH3O HCHO + H
CH3O + CH4 CH3OH + CH3

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 2.1.3. Oligome ha etylen thnh nhin liu diezen

- Etylen, propylen v cc olefin d dng tham gia phn

ng.

Zeolit X (NiX): sn phm thu c l C12

Zeolit Y (NiY): sn phm nm trong
Xc tc Ni
khong C12-C35.

Cht mang rn c kh nng ion ha

nh silica - alumina v zeolit Y (NISA)
iu kin: nhit phn ng 100
-1200C, p sut 35 bar, hiu sut t C10
tr ln t khong 30%.
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2.2. Kh lm nhin liu t
Do s gim 600 ln v th tch lm
cho cng vic vn chuyn, bo qun
tr nn thun li hn.
Kh c nhit si thp s c
2.2.1. Kh lm lnh xung di im sng
t nhin ca n.
ha lng
Nhit ngng t ti p sut khc
nhau.

Lm nhin liu trong nhiu ngnh

kinh t quc dn.
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 Gm cc hidrocacbon v mt
lng nh olephin.

Khi ha lng, th tch ca cc

hidrocacbon gim.
2.2.2. Kh
du m Nhit lng ta ra khi t chy
ha lng rt ln.
Nhin liu chy hon ton,
khng khi, tro, khng ln cc
tp cht gy n mn, khng gy
nhim.
Hm lng kh thi c hi nh
NOx , COx rt t. 9
3 Phn on xng
3.1. Thnh phn ha hc

- tos < 180oC: gm cc hidrocacbon t C5 C10, C11.

Cc hydrocacbon thm thng c rt t trong xng.
- C c 3 loi hydrocacbon parafinic, naphtenic,
aromatic.
- Ngoi ra, cn c cc hp cht S, N, O.

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3.2. Xng lm nhin liu
3.2.1. ng c xng
L mt kiu ng c t trong, nhm thc hin s
chuyn ha nng lng ha hc ca nhin liu khi chy
thnh nng lng c hc di dng chuyn ng quay.

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 3.2.1. ng c xng

Chu k 1: Ht

A: Van np; B: Np
xilanh; C: Cng ht;
D: Np xilanh; E:
Thn xilanh; G:
Cc-te chc du; H:
Du bi trn; I:
Trc cam; J: Van x;
K: Bugi; L: Cng
x; M: Piston; N:
Thanh truyn; O:
Vng m; P: Trc
khuu.
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 3.2.1. ng c xng

Chu k 2: Nn

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 3.2.1. ng c xng

Chu k 3: Chy

A: Van np; B: Np
xilanh; C: Cng ht;
D: Np xilanh; E:
Thn xilanh; G:
Cc-te chc du; H:
Du bi trn; I:
Trc cam; J: Van x;
K: Bugi; L: Cng
x; M: Piston; N:
Thanh truyn; O:
Vng m; P: Trc
khuu.
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 3.2.1. ng c xng

Chu k 4: X

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3.2.2. Bn cht ca qu trnh chy trong ng c xng

Chy thng Chy kch n

- t nhin liu trong - Mt la lan truyn vi
bung chy. tc qu nhanh.
- Cc mt la phi lan - m chy lan rng km
truyn u n ht lp theo p xut tng cao
ny n lp khc. khu vc xung quanh.

- Tc khong 15-40 m/s. - Tc khong 300m/s.

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3.2.3. Xng my bay

L hn hp ca du ha vi mt s thnh phn c
bit nhm thu c xng c phm cht tt.

C tnh bay hi thp v khng bay hi nhanh.

Tr s octan ln hn hoc bng 100.

Nhit chy ca xng l 40-1800C.

Thnh phn ct phn on ca xng c thu hp.

Nng olefin < 3%.

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 3.3. Cc ng dng khc ca xng
3.3.1. Xng lm dung mi
Lm dung mi trong cng nghip sn, cao su,
keo dn.
Trch ly cht bo.
Cng nghip hng liu, dc liu.
3.3.2. Xng lm nguyn liu cho tng hp ha du
Sn xut hydrocacbon thm: benzen, toluen, xylen,
etylbenzen.
Xng dng trong ch bin ha hc phi sch.

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 IN CHN THNH CM N
QU THY C V CC BN
THEO DI.

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