Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
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FINAL
Category A 100
1). What is the difference between operant
conditioning and classical conditioning and who are
the men who made new discoveries in each?
Operant conditioning: a stimulus is given and through trial and error learning a reward or
punishment is given. Example: Skinner box, rats trained through reward and punishment.
Classical conditioning: a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly
paired;connection between reflex behavior to an associated stimulus.gen, only nitrogen,
methane, ammonia, and water vapor.
Category A 200
Learned behaviors: the species has to see the action, can learn from other
species, but not always. example: Associative learning, or learning to
associate one feature of the environment ( stimulus) with another.
Sign stimulus: what ever triggers the fixed action, is the sign stimulus.
The fixed action cannot happen without the sign stimulus therefore there
connected by the fact one can't happen without the other.
Category A 400
Pheromone
Category B 200
Commensalism- One species benefits and the other is neither benefited nor harmed.
Competition- when two species require the same limited resources to survive to reproduce,the better competitor will
drive the less competitive species to Extinction.
Parasitic- One species benefits by feeding on another, they reduce the reproductive rate of the hosts individuals by
withdrawing nutrients from them.
Predation- when one species (the Predator) captures, kills, and eats another species(The Prey.)
Herbivory- an animal that feeds on plants.
Parasitism (brood parasitism, parasitoids)- One species benefits by feeding on another, they reduce the
reproductive rate of the hosts individuals by withdrawing nutrients from them.
Category C 200
Blood parasitism, is when one species benefits by having another raise its
Offspring, they reduce the reproductive rate of host by tricking them into
caring for young that are not their own.
Parasitoids: Insects that lay their eggs in other insects, they reduce the
number of host organisms by preventing reproduction and eventually killing
the host.
Category C 300
Which species out of the three given is one that if
removed from the ecosystem, the environment would
change drastically and maybe even disasterly?
a). Keystone species: Disportionately large effect on the community relative to its
abundance,they change over time.
b). Indicator species: The first to do poorly when conditions change; can provide an early
warning of a environmental degradation.
c). Exotic species: president of an established community that dispersed from its home range and
became established elsewhere.
Primary Producers
Category D 200
Watershed
Category D 400
What is a permafrost?
Describe a thermocline?