AITTM

AITTM

Bluetooth
MBA - 2011
Hans Raj

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 AITTM

Thank you

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 Bluetooth AITTM

A cable replacement technology

1 Mb/s symbol rate Why not use Wireless LANs?
Range 10+ meters - power
Single chip radio + baseband - cost
at low power & low price point ($5)

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 Bluetooth Specifications AITTM

Applications
IP
SDP RFCOMM

I
Data HC
L2CAP
Audio
Link Manager
Single chip with RS-232,
Baseband USB, or PC card interface
RF

A hardware/software/protocol description
An application framework
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 Unlicensed Radio Spectrum AITTM

33cm 12cm 5cm

26 Mhz 83.5 Mhz 125 Mhz

902 Mhz 2.4 Ghz 5.725 Ghz

928 Mhz 2.4835 Ghz 5.850 Ghz

cordless phones 802.11 unused

baby monitors Bluetooth
Wireless LANs Microwave oven

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 Bluetooth radio link AITTM

1Mhz

. . .
12 3 79
83.5 Mhz

frequency hopping spread spectrum

2.402 GHz + k MHz, k=0, , 78
1,600 hops per second
GFSK modulation
1 Mb/s symbol rate
transmit power
0 dbm (up to 20dbm with power control)

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 Baseband AITTM

Applications
IP
SDP RFCOMM

ol
ntr
Data

Co
L2CAP
Audio
Link Manager
Baseband
RF

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 Bluetooth Physical link AITTM

Point to point link

master - slave relationship
radios can function as masters or slaves m s

Piconet m
Master can connect to 7 slaves
Each piconet has max capacity (1 Mbps) s s
hopping pattern is determined by the master
s

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 Connection Setup AITTM

Inquiry - scan protocol

to lean about the clock offset
and device address of other
nodes in proximity

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 Inquiry on time axis AITTM

f1 f2
Slave1

Inquiry hopping
sequence
Master

Slave2

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 Piconet formation AITTM

Page - scan protocol Master

to establish links with
Active Slave
nodes in proximity
Parked Slave

Standby

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 Addressing AITTM

Bluetooth device address (BD_ADDR)

48 bit IEEE MAC address
Active Member address (AM_ADDR)
3 bits active slave address
all zero broadcast address

Parked Member address (PM_ADDR)

8 bit parked slave address

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 FH/TDD
Piconet channel AITTM

f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6

s1

s2

625 sec

1600 hops/sec

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 FH/TDD
Multi slot packets AITTM

f1 f4 f5 f6

s1

s2

625 sec

Data rate depends on type of packet

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 Physical Link Types AITTM

Synchronous Connection Oriented (SCO) Link

slot reservation at fixed intervals

Asynchronous Connection-less (ACL) Link

Polling access method
SCO ACL ACL SCO ACL ACL SCO ACL ACL
m

s1

s2

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 Packet Format AITTM

72 bits 54 bits 0 - 2744 bits

Access
Header Payload
code

Voice header Data CRC

No CRC ARQ
No retries
FEC (optional) FEC (optional)

625 s

master

slave

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 Access Code AITTM

72 bits

Access Payload
Header
code

Purpose Types

Channel Access Code (CAC)

Synchronization Device Access Code (DAC)
DC offset compensation
Identification Inquiry Access Code (IAC)
Signaling

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 Packet Header AITTM
54 bits

Access Payload
m
Header
code
s s
s
Purpose
Max 7 active slaves
Addressing (3)
16 packet types (some unused)
Packet type (4)
Flow control (1)
Broadcast packets are not ACKed
1-bit ARQ (1)
Sequencing (1) For filtering retransmitted packets
HEC (8) Verify header integrity
total 18 bits
Encode with 1/3 FEC to get 54 bits
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Voice Packets (HV1, HV2, HV3) AITTM

72 bits 54 bits 240 bits = 366 bits

Access
Header 30 bytes
code
Payload

HV1 10 bytes + 1/3 FEC

HV2 20 bytes + 2/3 FEC

HV3 30 bytes

3.75ms (HV3)
2.5ms (HV2)
1.25ms (HV1)

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Data rate calculation: DM1 and AITTM
625 s
DH1 = 366 bits
72 bits 54 bits 240 bits

Access
code
Header 30 bytes

Payload Di Siz Fre Rat

r e q e
DM1 1 2/3 17 1600 108.
17 2
FEC /2 8

DH1 1 27 2 17 108.
8

625 s

1 2 27 172.
8
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Data rate calculation: DM3 and AITTM
1875 s
72 54 DH3 1500 bits
= 1626 bits
bits bits
Access Header 187 bytes
code

Payload Di Siz Fre Rat

r e q e
DM3 2 2/3 121 1600 387.
121 2
FEC /4 2

DH3 2 183 2 17
54.4

1875 s

1 2 3 4
183 585.
6
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Data rate calculation: DM5 and AITTM
3125 s
72 54 DH5 2744 bits
= 2870 bits
bits bits
Access
Code
Header 343 bytes

Payload Di Siz Fre Rat

r e q e
DM5 2 2/3 224 1600 477.
224 2
FEC /6 8

DH5 2 339 2 17
36.3

3125 s 625 s

1 2 3 4 5 6
339 723.
2
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 Data Packet Types AITTM

Symmetric Asymmetric
DM1 108. 108. 108.
DM3
8 8 8
2/3 FEC 258. 387.
DM5 1 2 54.4
286. 477.
Symmetric Asymmetric
7 8 36.3
No FEC DH1 172. 172. 172.
8 8 8
DH3
390. 585. 86.4
DH5 4 6
433. 723. 57.6
9 2
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 Inter piconet communication AITTM

Cordless
headset
mouse
Cordles
s
headset

Cell phone
Cell phone

Cell phone Cordless

headset

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Scatternet AITTM

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Scatternet, scenario 2 AITTM

How to schedule presence in

two piconets?

Forwarding delay ?

Missed traffic?

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 Baseband:
Device 1
Summary
Device 2
AITTM

L2CAP L2CAP
LMP Data link LMP

Baseband Baseband
Physical

TDD, frequency hopping physical layer

Device inquiry and paging
Two types of links SCO and ACL links
Multiple packet types (multiple data rates with and
without FEC)

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