WELCOME

INTRODUCTION
TO
DRILLING
DRILLING RIG
DRILLING RIG SITE LAYOUT
 INTRODUCTION

DRILLING: It is defined as art & science of making a

hole in an object.

OIL & GAS WELL DRILLING: It is an art & science

of drilling a hole in the earth crust down to a desired
depth in search / extraction of natural gas or
oil(petroleum).
When science is used for the benefit of
mankind, it may take any other shape.
Two such forms are
1. ENGINEERING

2. TECHNOLOGY
ENGINEERING
Engineering is the science of machines.
It is primarily connected with analysis of
mechanisms involved, design,
construction, operation and maintenance
of the machines.

So Drilling Engineering is the science of

machines which are involved in drilling a
petroleum well or simply a well.
TECHNOLOGY
It is basically the science of Methods .
When methods are standardized we call
them Techniques. When techniques are
used for commercial purpose, we call
them Technologies.

So Drilling Technology is the science of

standard methods or techniques which are
used / employed for drilling an oil or gas
well(commercial purpose).
 DRILLING SYSTEMS
Oil well drilling engineering may easily be divided
into following drilling systems. A system is a sum or
group of various machines, equipments &
instruments etc.
Rig System
Power System
Mud Handling / Circulatory System
Hoisting System
Rotary System
Well Control System
Instrumentation System
Auxillary System
RIG SYSTEM
Generic word used in two ways:-

A plant / unit for drilling a hole in the ground.

OR
A machinery system which is used to make a hole in
the ground.
OR
A system which is composed (made) of various
mechanical & electrical sub systems / equipments for
drilling a hole into the ground.
 A tower type structure erected to make a hole / bore
in the ground.

Parts:
Bottom box
Under structure
Rig / Derrick floor
Mast
POWER SYSTEM

Diesel Engines, Alternators, Bus Bar, PCRS (SCR

unit), Cables, Motors, Switches, Regulators (for
speed control).
 MUD HANDLING SYSTEM

Super Charger, Mud Pumps, Pipes (HP line, stand

pipe & H manifold), Rotary Hose, Flow Nipple, Flow
Line, Shale Shaker, De Sander, De Silter , Mud
Cleaner, Mud Tanks and Agitators etc.
 HOISTING SYSTEM

Draw Works, crown block, travelling block and

drilling line or casing line etc.
 ROTARY SYSTEM

Swivel, Rotary Table, Kelly, Kelly bushing, Drill

Stem ( drill pipe, drill collar, stabilizers, different
substitute), Bit etc.
 WELL CONTROL SYSTEM

Well Head, D / Spool, Spacer Spool, K / Line, C /

Line, Ram Bop, A / Bop, Gas Buster, Accumulator
Unit, Hydraulic Lines.
 INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEM

Measuring Instruments Pressure Gauges, SPM

Gauge, R.P.M Gauge, Torque Gauge, Weight
Indicator, MVT (Mud Volume Totalizer), Ton Mile
Indicator, Recorder, Cables, etc.
 AUXILLARY SYSTEM

AC Lighting system, Air Supply / Pneumatic System

( Compressor, lines, Receiver), Water Supply System,
Tool Tackles, etc.
 DRILLING TECHNOLOGY

It is a science of standard methods or techniques which

are used / employed for drilling an oil or gas well.
 DRILLING TECHNOLOGIES
Mud
Casing
Rig
Hydraulics
Bit
Drilling
Cementing
Special (Directional, Complications, Fishing etc.)
Well Control
 DRILLING OPERATIONS

Operations involved in drilling a well are :

Rig Building
Spudding-In of the Well
Drilling (1st, 2nd, 3rd Phase)
Logging
Casing Lowering
Cementing
Well Head Fitting & Testing
BOP Fitting & Testing
Fishing & Complication Operation
Hermetical Testing
THANK YOU !