Kinetics

Lesson 3
Collision Theory
The Collision Theory

LinktoSimulationofMolecularMotion

1. Matterismoving particles.

2. Temperatureincreases-particlesmovefaster
-more collisions
-more collision energy.

3. Chemicalreactions
-bondsbreak
-new bonds form

4. Collisions providetheenergy.
Collision Theory

Youneedacollisiontohaveareaction.

Collisionsprovide the energyrequiredtobreakbonds.

Mostcollisionsarenotsuccessful
Collision Theory

Asuccessful collisionrequires:

1. Favourable Geometry Poor Geometry

products no products

2. Sufficient Energytobreakthechemicalbonds

Activation energyistheminimumamountofenergyrequiredforasuccessful
collision.
The Collision Theory canbeusedtoexplainhowtherateofareactioncanbe
changed.
Reactionratescanincreasedueto

1. More collisions

2. Harder collisions-greatercollisionenergy

3. Lower activationenergyorEa-lowenergycollisionsaremoreeffective.

And thats it!

TheCollision Theory canbeusedtoexplainhowtherateofareactioncanbe
changed.

1. Increasingthetemperatureincreasestheratebecausethereare:

Morecollisions

Hardercollisions
2. Increasingthereactant concentrationincreasestheratebecausethereare:

Morefrequentcollisions
The Collision Theory can be used to explain how the rate of a reaction can be
changed.

3. Addingacatalyst

Lowers the activationenergyorEa-allowinglowenergycollisionstobesuccessful

ThecatalystKIisaddedtoH2O2,foodcolouring,anddishwashingdetergent.TheO 2
producedmakesfoam.

Movie
The Collision Theory can be used to explain how the rate of a reaction can be
changed.

4. Changingthenatureofthereactantforamorereactivechemicalincreases
therate

Lower activationenergyorEa-allowinglowenergycollisionstobesuccessful
The Collision Theory can be used to explain how the rate of a reaction can be
changed.

5. Increasingthesurfaceareaofasolidreactantincreasestheratebecause:

Morefrequentcollisions
Explain each Scenario Using the Collision Theory

1. AballoonfullofH2andO2do not reactatroomtemperature.

Eaistoo highfortheroomtemperaturecollisions

Asmallsparkignitescausesanexplosion.

Thespark provides the Eaanditexplodesbecauseitisexothermic

Explain each Scenario Using the Collision Theory

2. Acandledoesnot burnatroomtemperature

Eaistoo highfortheroomtemperaturecollisions

Amatchcausesthecandletoburn

Thematch provides the Ea

Thecandlecontinuestoburn

Itburnsbecauseitisexothermic
Explain each Scenario Using the Collision Theory

3. H2O2decomposesvery slowlyatroomtemperature.

2H2O2(aq)O2(g)+2H2O(l)

KIincreasesthereactionratedramatically.
KIisacatalystasitisnotareactantanditspeedsuptherate.

Lowers the Ea- allowslowenergycollisionstobesuccessful

Describe and Graph the Relationship between the Following

Ea and the rate

Decreasing theEa increases therate- inverse.

Rate

Ea
Describe and Graph the Relationship between the Following

Temperature and the rate

Increasing thetemperature increases therate- direct.

Rate

Temp
Describe and Graph the Relationship between the Following

Concentration and the rate

Increasing theconcentration increases therate- direct.

Rate

Conc
Describe and Graph the Relationship between the Following

Ea and the temperature

The only way to change the Ea is by adding a catalyst!

No relationship!

Temp

Ea
Which factors increase the percentage of successful collisions?

I.Increasingtemperature

II.Increasingconcentration

III.Increasingsurfacearea

IV. Addingacatalyst