BLOCK 2

HISTOLOGY&CELL BIOLOGY

Session 1

ORGANELLES
INCLUSIONES
PHAGOCYTE&METACHROMATION
MITOSIS&CHROMOSOME
The Cell
The inorganic precursor

Metabolites

Building blocks

Macromolecules

Supramolecular
complexes

Mitochondrion

Cell
 Neuron
(sel saraf)
Spinal Ganglion Cells

Multipolar Neurons
 Multipolar Autonomic Ganglion Cells

Vegetative cells
 Multipolar Nerve CellsSpinal Cord

In the cytoplasm (perikaryon) of nerve cells and in the dendrites, basic dyes
bring out fine or coarse granules, which are called Nissl bodies (chromophilic
or Nissl substance) after their discoverer (cf. Fig. 20). Nissl bodies are portions
of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) (cf. Fig.24). The base of the
axon, the axon hillock, is free of Nissl bodies and so is the axoplasm. The left
process from this multipolar nerve cell from the columna anterior of the spinal
cord is in all likelihood an axon (neurite). The other processes are dendrites.
Note the large cell nucleus with its clearly outlined nucleolus. The
nerve cell is surrounded by a neuropil. Neuropils are the structures that fill
the spaces between perikarya. The neurophil elements consist of glial cells
with their processes, the processes of nerve cells and capillaries.
1 Glial cells
Stain: Nissl cresyl violet; magnification: 400
Multipolar Nerve CellsSpinal Cord

Glial cells
Chromatophill Subtance (Nissls body)
Chromatophill Subtance (Nissls body)
Mitochondria

Before the turn of the 19th century, Altmann discovered and described
mitochondria,the power plant organelle of cells, as granular, rod-like
stringy cell components.
In 1898, C. Benda introduced the term mitochondria for these
threaded bodies (mitos, Greek: thread; chondros, Greek: granulum).
Later (19521953), electron microscopy made it possible for G.E.
Palade and F.S.
Sjstrand to show the characteristic structural details of mitochondria.
This figure shows mitochondria 1 in the epithelial cells of renal tubules.
The mitochondria stand out as long, black-brownrods, which line up in
the basal cytoplasm to almost parallel rows.
The cell nuclei 2 are not visible; their positions appear as gaps.
 Mitochondrion
Stain: Heidenhain iron hematoxylin; magnification: 950

Mitochondri
a in the
form of
short rods

Epithelial
cell nuclei

Blood vessels
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion
Blood Cells
Neutrophil leucocytes Basophilicus
Drumstick