PROJECTILE MOTION

Associate Professor Rana Rauf Noori

2011
Part 1. Part 2.
Introduction
Projectile
Motion:
Motion through the air without a propulsion
Examples:

Projectile motion
 Part 1.
Motion of Objects Projected
Horizontally
y v0

x
Projectile motion
y

x
Projectile motion
y

x
Projectile motion
y

x
Projectile motion
y

x
Projectile motion
y

Motion is accelerated
Acceleration is constant,
and downward
a = g = -9.81m/s2
The horizontal (x)
component of velocity is
g = -9.81m/s2 constant
The horizontal and
vertical motions are
independent of each other,
x
but they have a common
Projectile motion time
ANALYSIS OF MOTION
ASSUMPTIONS:
x-direction (horizontal): uniform motion
y-direction (vertical): accelerated motion
no air resistance
QUESTIONS:
What is the trajectory?
What is the total time of the motion?
What is the horizontal range?
What is the final velocity?
Projectile motion
Frame of reference: Equations of motion:

y
X Y
v0
Uniform m. Accel. m.
ACCL. ax = 0 ay = g = -9.81
h g m/s2
VELC. vx = v0 vy = g t

x DSPL. x = v0 t y = h + g t2
0

Projectile motion
 Trajectory
x = v0 t y
y = h + g t2 Parabola, open down
h
Eliminate time, t
t = x/v0
y = h + g (x/v0)2 v01 v02 > v01

y = h + (g/v02) x2
y = (g/v02) x2 + h x
Projectile motion
 Total Time, t t = tf - ti
y = h + g t2
final y = 0 y

0 = h + g (t)2 ti =0
h
Solve for t:

t = 2h/(-g)

t = 2h/(9.81ms-2) tf =t
Total time of motion depends
only on the initial height, h Projectile motion x
 Horizontal Range, x
x = v0 t
y
final y = 0, time is
the total time t

x = v0 t h

t = 2h/(-g)

x = v0 2h/(-g)
x
Horizontal range depends on the
initial height, h, and the initial
x
velocity, v0 Projectile motion
 VELOCITY

vx = v0

vy = g t
v
v = vx 2
+ vy 2

= v02+g2t2

tg = v / v = g t / v Projectile motion
 FINAL VELOCITY

vx = v0

t = 2h/(-g) tg = g t / v0

vy = g t
v = -(-g)2h/(-g) / v0
v = vx2
+ vy2

= -2h(-g) / v0
v = v02+g2(2h /(-g))
is negative
v = v02+ 2h(-g) (below the
horizontal line)
Projectile motion
HORIZONTAL THROW - Summary
h initial height, v0 initial horizontal velocity, g = -9.81m/s2

Trajectory Half -parabola, open

down
Total time t = 2h/(-g)

Horizontal Range x = v0 2h/(-g)

Final Velocity v = v02+ 2h(-g)
tg = -2h(-g) / v0
Projectile motion
 Part 2.
Motion of objects projected at an
angle
 y

vi Initial position: x = 0, y = 0

Initial velocity: vi = vi []
viy

Velocity components:
x- direction : vix = vi cos

y- direction : viy = vi sin

x
vix Projectile motion
 y

a =g=
- 9.81m/s2
Motion is accelerated
Acceleration is constant, and
downward
a = g = -9.81m/s2
The horizontal (x) component of
velocity is constant
The horizontal and vertical
motions are independent of each
other, but they have a common
time

Projectile motion
x
ANALYSIS OF MOTION:
ASSUMPTIONS
x-direction (horizontal): uniform motion
y-direction (vertical): accelerated motion
no air resistance
QUESTIONS
What is the trajectory?
What is the total time of the motion?
What is the horizontal range?
What is the maximum height?
What is the final velocity?
Projectile motion
 Equations of motion:

X Y
Uniform motion Accelerated motion
ACCELERATION ax = 0 ay = g = -9.81 m/s2

VELOCITY vx = vix= vi cos vy = viy+ g t

vx = vi cos vy = vi sin + g t
DISPLACEMENT x = vix t = vi t cos y = viy t + g t2
x = vi t cos y = vi t sin + g t2
Projectile motion
 Equations of motion:

X Y
Uniform motion Accelerated motion
ACCELERATION ax = 0 ay = g = -9.81 m/s2

VELOCITY vx = vi cos vy = vi sin + g t

DISPLACEMENT x = vi t cos y = vi t sin + g t2

Projectile motion
 Trajectory
x = vi t cos Parabola, open down
y = vi t sin + g t2 y
Eliminate time, t
t = x/(vi cos )
vi x sin gx 2
y 2
vi cos 2vi cos 2
g
y x tan x 2

2vi2 cos 2

y = bx + ax2
Projectile motion x
 Total Time, t
y = vi t sin + g t2
final height y = 0, after time interval t
0 = vi t sin + g (t)2
Solve for t:

0 = vi sin + g t x

2 vi sin
t = t=0 t
(-g)

Projectile motion
 Horizontal Range, x
x = vi t cos y
final y = 0, time is
the total time t

x = vi t cos
2 vi sin
t = x
(-g) 0
sin (2 ) = 2 sin cos
x
2vi 2 sin cos vi 2 sin (2 )
x = x =
(-g) (-g)
Projectile motion
 Horizontal Range, x
vi 2 sin (2 )
x =
(-g)

(deg) sin (2 )
CONCLUSIONS:
0 0.00
Horizontal range is greatest for the
15 0.50 throw angle of 450
30 0.87
45 1.00
Horizontal ranges are the same for
60 0.87
angles and (900 )
75 0.50

90 0 Projectile motion
 Trajectory and horizontal range
g
y x tan 2 x 2

2vi cos 2

35

30 vi = 25 m/s 15 deg
25 30 deg
45 deg
20
60 deg
15
75 deg
10

0
0 20 40
Projectile motion 60 80
 Velocity

Final speed = initial speed (conservation of energy)

Impact angle = - launch angle (symmetry of parabola)
Projectile motion
 Maximum Height
vy = vi sin + g t
y = vi t sin + g t2
At maximum height vy = 0

0 = vi sin + g tup hmax = vi t upsin + g tup2

hmax = vi2 sin2 /(-g) + g(vi2 sin2 )/g2
vi sin
tup = vi2 sin2
(-g)
hmax = 2(-g)
tup = t/2
Projectile motion
 Projectile Motion Final Equations
(0,0) initial position, vi = vi [] initial velocity, g = -9.81m/s2
Trajectory Parabola, open down

Total time 2 vi sin

t =
(-g)

vi 2 sin (2 )
Horizontal range x =
(-g)

vi2 sin2
Max height hmax =
2(-g)
 PROJECTILE MOTION - SUMMARY
Projectile motion is motion with a constant
horizontal velocity combined with a constant
vertical acceleration
The projectile moves along a parabola

Projectile motion
 PROJECTILE MOTION

- Motion along x and y plane acted upon by gravity alone

- Combination of horizontal motion with constant
velocity and vertical motion with constant acceleration

- The combined effects produce the parabolic path that

projectiles follow

Projectile an object that moves through space in

simultaneous horizontal and vertical directions under the
influence of earths gravitational force alone.
Trajectory path followed by a projectile

Projectile motion
Creativity : Parabolic motion of Projectiles

Projectile motion
The Plane and the Package

Projectile motion
The truck and the ball

Projectile motion
The monkey and Zookeeper (in a gravity free environment)

Projectile motion
The monkey and zookeeper ( with gravity on)

Projectile motion
The monkey and zookeeper (fast speed with gravity)

Projectile motion
The monkey and zookeeper (slow speed with gravity)

Projectile motion
Horizontally Launched Projectiles

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Non-horizontally Launched Projectiles

Projectile motion
Maximum Range

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 Action Plan
Topic: Projectile Motion Part I & II

Subject: Physics

Name: Rana Rouf Noory

Institute: D AD C
Projectile motion
 Long Term Goal
21st Century teaching approach
To make physics easy
To produce creativity

Projectile motion
 Short Term Goal
To understand topic easily
Apply Mathematical approach
Try to produce creativity
To get knowledge from other reference books.
To make small projects & models.

Projectile motion
Instructional Strategies and Tasks
Provide more Ask questions that
opportunities for require students to
students to answer explain how they
questions. came to an answer.
Encourage to Encourage students
understand physics to use more
practically. reference books.

Projectile motion
SOLUTION AND ANTICIPATED
CHALLENGES
CHALLENGES SOLUTIONS

A. The authority may not A. Convince authority

agree with the new that we have to
approaches.
move with the wind.
B. Parents may not
understand new B. Parents will be made
methods. to understand the
methods.

Projectile motion
 Timeline

Test and survey Assignment

Quiz & Send up Exam

Model , Project & Presentation

Projectile motion
 Resources
Internet
Reference books
Text books
Research papers
Microsoft office

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Conclusion
We will apply 21st century teaching
method in our class to make physics easy.

Projectile motion
Thank
You
Projectile motion