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Thermal Comfort
Thermal balance exists when the sum of all heat flow terms,
thus S is zero.
If the sum is greater than zero, the temperature inside the
building is increasing, or if it is less than zero, the building is
cooling down.
The system can be analyzed assuming steady-state
conditions, i.e. both the indoor and the outdoor conditions
are taken as steady, non-changing, or we can consider
the buildings dynamic response.
The former may be valid when the diurnal changes are
small compared with the indooroutdoor temperature
difference, or as the basis of finding the required heating or
cooling capacity, under assumed design conditions, or
indeed as a first approach to fabric design.
Solar Control & Shading Devices
Solar Control:
The first task in solar control is to determine when solar
radiation would be a welcome input (solar heating for
the under heated period) or when it should be
excluded (the overheated period).
Shading Device
Shading design for the exclusion of solar input is a
geometrical task. External shading devices are the
most effective tools to control sun penetration.
Solar Control & Shading Devices
13
In order to obtain shading in the late morning and
early afternoon when the sun is not at its high point,
the shading device should be extended either side of
the window opening.
Shading can be
provided in the
way of landscaping
and foliage
Other shading devices
Besides attaching shading device on exterior of building envelop, many
15ways can also prevent sun light from penetrating to the interior of
other
buildings.
Interior shading device
Building self-shading
Shaded by trees and other obstructions
Shading Devices in IHC
The reflectors are installed above
the building to provide shade
and prevent sun from entering
into the building. The reflectors
are aligned at an angle which
reflect back 70% of the sunlight
and change their angle during
winter to allow sunlight to fall on
the windows.
Considered better
than internal
Horizontal, Vertical or
inclined projections
Vegetation and other
buildings
Horizontal Devices: to
shade a window during
hot summer months, but
to allow sunlight to shine
through a window in the
winter, to help warm a
building.
Vertical Devices: Primarily useful for east and
west exposures to improve the insulation value of
glass in winter months by acting as a windbreak.
Shade from
buildings
Designing a Shading Device
Identify Category
Select Shading Type
Orientation Suggested Shading Type
SE and SW planting
Warm and humid Complete year round shading , but design should be made such that ventilation is not affected
Temperature Complete year round shading but only during major sunshine hours
i. It reduces glare.
ii. It reduces cooling load.
iii. It allows us to see the view that we like to watch.
iv. For doing presentations, complete shut off of lights is
possible.
v. There is limited reduction daylight.
Identify Design Dimension
Shading type: Horizontal Overhang
Shading category: fixed
Design dimensions: Relationship between the overhang
Depth (L) and the opening height (H).
L=H L=3H/4 L=H/2 L=H/3 L=H/4
Fixed
Adjustable
Movable
Dynamic
Manual
Automatic
Importance and Advantages
of Sun Shading Devices