ADULT ONE - RESCUER

CPR
BHD --- Bantuan Hidup
Dasar
BHL----Bantuan Hidup
Lanjutan
(Pemasangan ET, AED/DC
Syock/Defibrilator)
1. CHEK FOR DANGER
Make sure you, the victim and bystanders are
safe.
2.ASSESMENT : DETERMINE
UNRESPOSIVENESS
Quickly assess and determine whether the person is responsive.

The rescuer should tap the victim on his / her shoulders firmly and
ask loudly: Hello! Hello! Are you OK?

Avoid violent shaking of the victim as this may result in injury. Also,
avoid unnecessary movements of the neck in the event of injuries to
the head and neck.
3.ACTIVATE EMS (EMERGENCY MOBILE SERVICES )
If the victim does not respond, promptly activate the local Emergency Medical Service (EMS) by calling the telephone number
e.g., 911. If there is another responsible person around, ask him / her to do the calling. Give him the information to provide to
the ambulance dispatcher Send the second rescuer to get an AED if there is one within a 90 seconds walking distance.

Inform the dispatcher about:

The location of the victim.
The telephone number you are calling from.
What happened e.g. that someone is having a heart attack / is unconscious.
Number of victims.
Ask for an immediate ambulance.
Hang up only after instructed to do so by the dispatcher.
4.POSITION
For CPR to be effective, the victim must be lying flat on his / her back and on a firm, flat surface.

If the victim is lying face down, or on his / her side, you will need to roll the victim over as a unit
onto his / her back.

If the victim has obvious or suspected head / neck injury, do take care that the head, neck and
body are supported and turned simultaneously during re-positioning.

5.CIRCULATION
Assess the presence or absence of circulation:
While maintaining the head tilt, locate the Adams
apple or centre of the throat of the victim with the
index and middle fingers of the hand previously
maintaining the chin lift.
Slide your fingers down the side at which you are
positioned until you reach the groove between the
trachea and the muscles at the side of the neck.
Apply gentle pressure at this groove to feel for the
pulsation of the carotid artery within 10 seconds.
If no pulse or absent, start chest
compression immediately
Proper hand position and chest
compression techniques
Compression rate is at least 100 per
minute, Allow complete recoil of the chest
wall after each compression.
For effective compressions, push hard
and push fast.

AIRWAY and BREATHING

Perform 2 ventilations by opening the airway after every 30 chest compressions. Each ventilation should be enough to cause the chest to rises.
Keep the airway open by the head-tilt chin lift manoeuvre.
Gently pinch the nose closed with your thumb and index finger of the hand on the forehead, thereby preventing air from escaping through the victims nose.
Take a normal breath and seal your lips around the victims mouth, creating an airtight seal.Give 2 breaths until you see chest rise. The duration for each breath is 1 second.
Ventilation volume should be sufficient to cause chest rise, which is about 400 600 ml.
If attempts to ventilate are unsuccessful, reposition the victims head and reattempt rescue breathing as improper chin and head positioning is a common cause for difficulty in
ventilation.

If there is no evidence of head and neck

injuries, the rescuer uses the head tilt-chin
lift manoeuvre to open the airway :
Tilt the victims head firmly backwards with
the palm of one hand and lift the chin with
the fingers of the other hand.

Perform 5 cycles of 30
compressions:2 breaths,
which should take about 2
minutes
Di Indonesia hitungan kompresi
dada :
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,2
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,3
6. REASSESMENT
After 5 cycles of 30:2, check for pulse and if it is not present,
continue CPR,
beginning with chest compressions.
If the pulse has returned, check breathing.

Assess the presence or absence of spontaneous breathing:

While maintaining an open airway, place your ear and cheek over
the victims mouth and nose and look at the victims chest.
Look for chest rise and fall.
Listen for air escaping during exhalation.
Feel for the flow of air.

If victim is not breathing, perform rescue

breathing at 12 times per minute.
Place the victim in the recovery position, maintaining an open
airway if both the pulse
and breathing have returned.
Continue to monitor for breathing and pulse every few minutes
as these can stop
again.
It consists of giving one breath every 5
seconds.
The rescuer should perform mouth-to-
mouth breathing on the victim by giving
one breath and count
2 a thousand
3 a thousand
4 a thousand
5 a thousand.
12 breaths would be delivered in a
minute.

If pulse presence,
breathing presence-----
recovery position