Huawei eRAN3.

0
CSFB Feature Introduction

www.huawei.com

Node B Products of Huawei

Apr. 2006

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei CSFB Feature Roadmap
Released

CSFB to UTRAN Flash CSFB to CSFB to UTRAN Adaptive blind Planned

PS HO UTRAN with LAI CSFB
PS redirection Planning

Flash CSFB to CSFB to GERAN CSFB Steering

CSFB to GERAN GERAN with LAI
PS HO CSFB with eMPS
PS redirection CSFB to GERAN
CCO CCO with NACC

CSFB to
CDMA2000 1xRTT

eRAN2.1 eRAN2.2 eRAN3.0 Next Evolutions

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

 Chapter OneFeature Introduction

Architecture and functionalities

Mobile Originating call
Mobile Terminating call
SMS
Emergency call

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 3

CSFB: brief introduction

Circuit Switched Fallback (CSFB, 3GPP TS23.272)

The CS fallback in EPS enables the provisioning of voice and other
CS-domain services (e.g. SMS/ LCS) by reuse of CS infrastructure
when the UE is served by E-UTRAN.

This function is only available in case E-UTRAN coverage is

overlapped by either GERAN coverage or UTRAN coverage.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 4

CSFB: Architecture and
functionalities
Need to be R8 ready
Maintaining SGs MSC/VLR for the mobility
association with MME management and
paging procedures Deriving a VLR number and LAI
A between EPS and from the TAI of the current cell, or
Gs CS domain. using a default VLR number and
Iu-cs LAI.
GERAN Gb SGSN C/D
Maintaining SGs association with
MSC/VLR for EPS/IMSI Attached
Gr
HSS/HLR UE
SGs Triggering paging to eNodeB
UTRAN Iu-ps
(when MSC-S pages the UE)
S3
S6a Initiating IMSI Detach at EPS
Detach
Multi-mode G/U/L S12
CSFB capable
Support of procedures: S4 PCRF
Combined EPS/IMSI MME
Attach, Update, Detach. S11
S7 Rx
S1-MME
S5 Internet / intranet /
SGi
Operators & 3rd
S1-U Party Applications
E-UTRAN S-GW PDN-GW
G/U/L handset
Forwarding paging request for CS
domain to the UE.
Directing the UE to the target CS
capable cell. (PS HO/redirection
with or without SIBs).

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 5

CSFB: Mobile Originating call
7.IAM
6.Initiate voice call

MSC-VLR HSS/HLR
NodeB RNC
Inter-system change

SGSN
SGs
3G

LTE

MME
1. Ext Service RQ
(CSFB indicator)

3.optional measurement
eNodeB SAE-GW
5. eNB direct the UE to
G/U

RAT change (and selection) is under full network control (eNodeB triggers the
RAT change towards to 2G/3G based on the UEs capability\measurement\SPID
indication from MME.)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 6

CSFB: Mobile Terminating call
1.IAM
9.Voice call establishment

NodeB RNC HSS/HLR

MSC-VLR
SGSN
Inter-system change

3G
SGs

LTE

MME

2. Paging RQ
(Domain indicator:
CS)
3. Ext Service RQ (CSFB
indicator)
5.measurement
eNodeB SAE-GW
7. eNB direct the UE to G/U

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 7

CSFB to UMTS (PS HO)
MO call MT call

UE eNodeB RNC MME MSC SGSN UE eNodeB RNC MME MSC SGSN S-GW
P-GW
1. Extended Service Request 1.Paging Request
(containing a CS Fallback Indicator)
Paging
2. S1-AP Message
(containing a CS Fallback Indicator) 2.Extended Service Request
(containing a CS Fallback Indicator)
S1-AP Response Message
Service
Request
3. Optional measurement report
3. S1-AP message with CS Fallback indicator
4. PS handover preparation phase

Handover Command
Handover 4. Subsequent procedure similar to that in a mobile-originated case, with the CS
Command call establishment procedure replaced with a Paging Response message

5.CS call establishment procedure with LAU or combined RAU/LAU

6.PS handover execution phase

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 8

 CSFB to UMTS (PS RRC Redirection w/o RIM)
MO call (R9: with RIM) MO call (R8: without RIM)

UE eNodeB RNC MME MSC SGSN UE eNodeB RNC MME MSC SGSN

1.Extended Service Request 1.Extended Service Request

(containing a CS Fallback Indicator) (containing a CS Fallback Indicator)

2.S1-AP Message with CS Fallback Indicator

2.S1-AP Message with CS Fallback Indicator

S1-AP Reponse Message

S1-AP Reponse Message

3.Optional measurement report

3.Optional measurement report
4. RRC Connection Release with UTRAN
frequency\cell id\cell System information 4. RRC Connection Release with UTRAN frequency

S1 UE context release S1 UE context release

5. LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU 5. LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU
PS Suspend PS Suspend
6.CS call establishment procedure 6.CS call establishment procedure

*MT calls procedure is same.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 9

 CSFB to GERAN (PS HO)
MO call MT call
UE eNodeB BSC MME MSC SGSN S-GW
P-GW
1. Extended Service Request
(containing a CS Fallback Indicator) UE eNodeB RNC
BSC MME MSC SGSN S-GW
P-GW
2. S1-AP Message 1.Paging Request
(containing a CS Fallback Indicator)
Paging
S1-AP Response Message
2.Extended Service Request
(containing a CS Fallback Indicator)
3. Optional measurement report
Service
Request
4a. PS handover preparation phase

3. S1-AP message with CS Fallback indicator

Handover Command
Handover
Command
4b.Suspend 4. Subsequent procedure similar to that in a mobile-originated case, with the CS
Update call establishment procedure replaced with a Paging Response message
Bearers

5.CS call establishment procedure with LAU or combined RAU/LAU

6.PS handover execution phase

In case GERAN or UE cant support DTM (Dual transfer Mode) the PS service will be suspended

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 10

 CSFB to GERAN (PS RRC Redirection w/o RIM)
MO call (R9: with RIM) MO call (R8: without RIM)
UE eNodeB BSC MME MSC SGSN UE eNodeB BSC MME MSC SGSN

1.Extended Service Request 1.Extended Service Request

(containing a CS Fallback Indicator) (containing a CS Fallback Indicator)

2.S1-AP Message 2.S1-AP Message

(containing a CS Fallback Indicator) (containing a CS Fallback
Indicator)
S1-AP Reponse Message S1-AP Reponse Message

3.Optional measurement report

3.Optional measurement report
4. RRC Connection Release with GERAN frequency
group\Cell id\Cell system information 4. RRC Connection Release with GERAN frequency group

S1 UE context release S1 UE context release

5.LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU 5.LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU

6.Suspend 6.Suspend

7.CS call establishment procedure 7.CS call establishment procedure

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 11

CSFB to GERAN (CCO w/o RIM)
MO call (w/o RIM)

UE eNodeB BSC MME MSC SGSN

1.Extended Service Request

(containing a CS Fallback Indicator)
2.S1-AP Message
(containing a CS Fallback Indicator)

S1-AP Response Message

3.Optional measurement report

4. MobilityFromEUTRACommand
(CCO optionally with NACC)

5. S1 UE context release

6.LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU

7.Suspend

8.CS call establishment procedure

In case GERAN or UE cant support DTM (Dual transfer Mode) the PS service will be suspended

Page 12
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
CSFB to UTRAN: Three mechanisms

R8 PS Handover: base on the

inter-RAT PS handover procedures

R8 PS redirection: RRC release with

redirectedCarrierInfoIE to UE

R9 PS redirection: RRC release with a

carrier frequency and UTRAN cells SIBs
acquired by RIM procedures before CSFB.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 13

CSFB to GERAN: Four mechanisms

R8 PS Handover: base on the

inter-RAT PS handover procedures

R8 PS redirection: RRC release with

redirectedCarrierInfoIE to UE

R9 PS redirection: RRC release with a

carrier frequency list and cells SIBs
acquired by RIM procedures before CSFB.

R8 CCO with NACC: HandoverCommand

With target cell and SI

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 14

CSFB: SMS

UE is EPS/IMSI attached and the CS

access domain is chosen by the UE
UE MME MSC HLR SMSC and/or the home PLMN for delivering
short messages.
1.EPS/IMSI attach

2.UE triggered Service Request

SMS support is based on the
connectionless SGs reference point
3. Uplink NAS between the MME and the MSC
Transport
Server and use of NAS signalling
4.Uplink Unitdata between the UE and the MME.
5.Forward Short Message The MO SMS and MT SMS are
4a.Downlink Unitdata signalled over SGs and do not cause
any CS Fallback to GERAN/UTRAN
4a.Downlink NAS Transport RATs, and consequently does not
6.Delivery report require any overlapped
GERAN/UTRAN coverage.

No CS Fallback is performed for SMS

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 15

CSFB: Emergency call

UE eNB MME MSC RNC

Extended Service Request with

Emergency Call Indication

S1-AP message with

Emergency Call
Indication

eNB indicates in the Source RNC to Target RNC

Transparent container that PS handover was
triggered due to CSFB and emergency purpose

E-UTRAN may use the emergency indication for selecting a particular radio access
network (2G or 3G) for CS emergency handling.
If PS handover is initiated, E-UTRAN may indicate priority level of the CSFB to the
target RAT, in order to prepare radio resource at target RAT in appropriate way, e.g.
priority allocation of the RAB resource.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 16

Chapter Two: CSFB Algorithm at eNB

Triggering phase
The eNodeB receives a CS Fallback Indicator from the
CS Fallback Indicator MME. If the eNodeB supports blind handovers to an inter-
RAT system, it performs a blind handover without
CSFB delivering the measurement configuration to the UE.

Otherwise, the eNodeB delivers the measurement


configuration to the UE. Compared with measurement-
CSFB
based handovers, blind handovers can reduce the access

CSFB
delay. Therefore, blind handovers take precedence over
measurement-based handovers. Blind handovers,
CSFB however, have an impact on the handover success rate.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

 The eNodeB delivers The eNodeB checks The eNodeB executes
the inter-RAT the measurement CSFB to enable the UE
measurement results and to initiate the voice call
configuration, and the generates a list of in the target cell.
UE performs inter-RAT candidate cells.
The ongoin2g PS
measurements
services of the UE might
accordingly.
be handed over to the
In abnormal cases, eNB target cell or suspended
performs blind in the source cell.
procedure.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

 eRAN2.0/2.1

R8 CSFB
Blind Scenario
A list of candidate cells is generated on the basis of the blind handover priorities, which are determined by both
the RAT-specific priorities and the cell-specific priorities.
The RAT-specific priorities used in blind handovers for CSFB are defined through the InterRatHighestPri,
InterRatSecondPri, and InterRatLowestPri parameters.

Measure Scenario
eNB sends the UE the measurement configuration, according to which the UE performs measurements on the
specified system. The measurement configuration sent to the UE contains the configuration information for only the
RATs and frequencies that are supported by the UE.
eNB selects the best cell from UEs measurement report.

B1 entering condition: Mn Ofn Hys Thresh

Mn is the measurement result of the neighboring cell.
Ofn is the frequency-specific offset for the frequency of the neighboring
cell.
Hys is the hysteresis for event B1.
Thresh is the threshold for event B1. The values of Thresh are set on
the basis of the measurement quantities of each RAT.
The Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) threshold for CSFB to
UTRAN, Ec/No threshold for CSFB to UTRAN, threshold for CSFB to
GERAN, and threshold for CSFB to CDMA2000 1xRTT are specified
through the CsfbHoUtranB1ThdRSCP, CsfbHoUtranB1ThdECN0,
CsfbHoGeranB1Thd, and CsfbHoCDMAB1ThdPS parameters
respectively.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

 eRAN2.2

Flash CSFB ( R9 redirection with SIBs

GSM/UMTS RIM : LTE Core
RAN
Core information Key Point:
exchanging
1. eNB request system information from BSC/RNC when
SGSN MME establish Inter-RAT neighbor relation;

RAN information
information

Frequency and

request
2. BSC/RNC reply system information. If system
RAN

target cell
BSC/RNC system information updateBSS/RNC notify eNodeB and
information
send the latest information;

3. Core Network doesnt handle the message, only

forward;

4. eNB doesnt translate message from BSC/RNCsend

2G/3G LTE to UE directly;
Access Access
5. eNB fill out the target frequency and related neighbor
Flash CSFB: cell information in RRC_Release message.
Saving 1s for UMTS compare with R8
CSFB
Saving 2s for GSM compare with R8
CSFB

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

 eRAN3.0

CSFB to UTRAN/GERAN with LAI

LTE Step1: eNB receives Registered LAI from MME
Core MME sends Registered LAI to eNB via Initial
TA1/LA1 Context Setup Request or UE Context
Modification Request message.
MME
GUL
Step2: eNB selects target network with LAI
TAI/L CSFB to
consideration
AI LA1 1> Blind case: following the priority below.
1>Neighboring cell with the same LAI with
Registered LAI;
Select same LA to
CSFB 2>Neighboring cell with the same PLMN with
registered LAI;
GUL GUL 3>Neighboring cell with the same PLMN with
TA3/LA1 TA2/LA2
the UE current serving PLMN.
LAI Based CSFB:
2>Measurement case:
1>if any of the neighboring frequencys cell
1. Priority to select target GU cells with same
PLMN is the same with Registered LAI, or if any
LAC as UE registered in GU NW during of the neighboring frequencys cell PLMN is the
same with the UE current serving PLMN, and the
CSFB to avoid LAU (0.5s~3s). UE supports the RAT and the frequency, eNB will
send these frequency to UE for measuring.
2. Support National Roaming Ue to select 2>eNB will choose the same LAI from the
measurement reports.
suitable fallback RAT/Cell bases on LAI
Indicator among multi-PLMNs.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

CSFB key parameters
MO Parameter ID Description
CSFallBackBlindHoCfg InterRatHighestPri Indicates the high-priority system to be considered in blind handovers for CS
fallback. It is UTRAN by default.
CSFallBackBlindHoCfg InterRatSecondPri Indicates the medium-priority system to be considered in blind handovers for CS
fallback. It is GERAN by default. If this parameter is set to null, the system with the
medium blind handover priority is not specified. In this case, only the blind
handovers to the high-priority system are applicable.
CSFallBackBlindHoCfg InterRatLowestPri Indicates the low-priority system to be considered in blind handovers for CS fallback.
It is CDMA2000 by default. If this parameter is set to null, the system with the low
blind handover priority is not specified. In this case, only the blind handovers to the
high- and medium-priority systems are applicable.
CSFallBackBlindHoCfg UtranLcsCap Indicates the Location Services (LCS) capability of the UTRAN.
CSFallBackBlindHoCfg GeranLcsCap Indicates the Location Services (LCS) capability of the GERAN.
CSFallBackBlindHoCfg CdmaLcsCap Indicates the Location Services (LCS) capability of the CDMA2000.
CSFallBackHo CsfbHoUtranTimeToTrig Indicates the time-to-trigger for event B1 that is used in CS fallback to
UTRAN/GERAN/CDMA2000. When CS fallback to UTRAN/GERAN/CDMA2000 is
applicable, this parameter is set for UEs and used in the evaluation of whether to
trigger event B1. When detecting that the signal quality in at least one
UTRAN/GERAN/CDMA2000 cell meets the entering condition, the UE does not
send a measurement report to the eNodeB immediately. Instead, the UE sends a
report only when the signal quality continuously meets the entering condition during
the time-to-trigger. This parameter helps decrease the number of occasionally
triggered event reports, the average number of handovers, and the number of wrong
handovers, and thus helps prevent unnecessary handovers. For details, see 3GPP
TS 36.331.
CSFallBackHo CsfbHoGeranTimeToTrig
CSFallBackHo CsfbHoCDMATimeToTrig

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

 MO Parameter ID Description
CSFallBackHo CsfbHoUtranB1ThdRSCP Indicates the RSCP threshold for event B1, which is used in CS fallback to UTRAN.
When CS fallback to UTRAN is applicable, this parameter is set for UEs and used
in the evaluation about whether to trigger event B1. This parameter indicates the
RSCP requirement for the UTRAN cells to be included in the measurement report.
A UE sends a measurement report related to event B1 to the eNodeB when the
RSCP in at least one UTRAN cell exceeds this threshold and other triggering
conditions are met. For details, see 3GPP TS 36.331.

CSFallBackHo CsfbHoUtranB1ThdECN0 Indicates the Ec/No threshold for event B1, which is used in CS fallback to UTRAN.
When CS fallback to UTRAN is applicable, this parameter is set for UEs and used
in the evaluation about whether to trigger event B1. This parameter indicates the
Ec/No requirement for the UTRAN cells to be included in the measurement report.
A UE sends a measurement report related to event B1 to the eNodeB when the
Ec/No in at least one UTRAN cell exceeds this threshold and other triggering
conditions are met. For a cell with large signal fading variance, set this parameter
to a large value to prevent unnecessary handovers. For a cell with small signal
fading variance, set this parameter to a small value to ensure that the handover is
performed in time. For details, see 3GPP TS 36.331.

CSFallBackHo CsfbHoGeranB1Thd Indicates the RSSI threshold for event B1 that is used in CS fallback to GERAN. A
UE sends a measurement report related to event B1 to the eNodeB when the RSSI
in at least one GERAN cell exceeds this threshold and other triggering conditions
are met. For details, see 3GPP TS 36.331.
CSFallBackHo CsfbHoCDMAB1ThdPS Indicates the pilot strength threshold related to event B1, which is used in CS
fallback to CDMA2000. A UE sends a measurement report related to event B1 to
the eNodeB when the pilot strength in at least one CDMA2000 cell exceeds this
threshold and other triggering conditions are met. For details, see 3GPP TS
36.331.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

MO Parameter ID Default Value Actual Unit MML Command
CSFallBackBlindHoCf InterRatHighestPri UTRAN UTRAN, GERAN, UTRAN, GERAN, None MOD
g CDMA2000 CDMA2000 CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
LST
CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
CSFallBackBlindHoCf InterRatSecondPri GERAN UTRAN, GERAN, UTRAN, GERAN, None MOD
g CDMA2000, NULL CDMA2000, NULL CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
LST
CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
CSFallBackBlindHoCf InterRatLowestPri CDMA2000 UTRAN, GERAN, UTRAN, GERAN, None MOD
g CDMA2000, NULL CDMA2000, NULL CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
LST
CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
CSFallBackBlindHoCf UtranLcsCap OFF(Off) OFF(Off), ON(On) OFF, ON None MOD
g CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
LST
CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
CSFallBackBlindHoCf GeranLcsCap OFF(Off) OFF(Off), ON(On) OFF, ON None MOD
g CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
LST
CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
CSFallBackBlindHoCf CdmaLcsCap OFF(Off) OFF(Off), ON(On) OFF, ON None MOD
g CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G
LST
CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF
G

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

MO Parameter ID Default Value Actual Unit MML Command

CSFallBackHo CsfbHoUtranTim 40ms 0ms, 40ms, 64ms, 0ms, 40ms, 64ms, ms MOD CSFALLBACKHO
eToTrig 80ms, 100ms, 128ms, 80ms, 100ms, LST CSFALLBACKHO
160ms, 256ms, 320ms, 128ms, 160ms,
512ms, 480ms, 640ms, 256ms, 320ms,
CSFallBackHo CsfbHoGeranTim40ms ms MOD CSFALLBACKHO
1024ms, 1280ms, 512ms, 480ms,
eToTrig LST CSFALLBACKHO
2560ms, 5120ms 640ms, 1024ms,
1280ms, 2560ms,
CSFallBackHo CsfbHoCDMATi 40ms 5120ms ms MOD CSFALLBACKHO
meToTrig LST CSFALLBACKHO

CSFallBackHo CsfbHoUtranB1T -106 -120~-25 -120~-25 dBm MOD CSFALLBACKHO

hdRSCP LST CSFALLBACKHO

CSFallBackHo CsfbHoUtranB1T -13 -48~0 -24~0 0.5dB MOD CSFALLBACKHO

hdECN0 LST CSFALLBACKHO

CSFallBackHo CsfbHoGeranB1 -103 -110~-48 -110~-48 dBm MOD CSFALLBACKHO

Thd LST CSFALLBACKHO

CSFallBackHo CsfbHoCDMAB1 -34 -63~0 -31.5~0 0.5dB MOD CSFALLBACKHO

ThdPS LST CSFALLBACKHO

Switches are not shown here. Please refer to CSFB FPD.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Chapter Three: Algorithm Relationship

LOFD-001033 CS Fallback to UTRAN depends on LOFD-001019 PS Inter-RAT Mobility between

E-UTRAN and UTRAN.
LOFD-001034 CS Fallback to GERAN depends on LOFD-001020 PS Inter-RAT Mobility
between E-UTRAN and GERAN.
LOFD-001035 CS Fallback to CDMA2000 1xRTT depends on LOFD-001021 PS Inter-RAT
Mobility between E-UTRAN and CDMA2000.
LOFD-001052 Flash CS Fallback to UTRAN depends on LOFD-001033 CS Fallback to UTRAN.
LOFD-001053 Flash CS Fallback to GERAN depends on LOFD-001034 CS Fallback to GERAN.
LOFD-001068 CS Fallback with LAI to UTRAN depends on LOFD-001033 CS Fallback to
UTRAN.
LOFD-001069 CS Fallback with LAI to GERAN depends on LOFD-001034 CS Fallback to
GERAN.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 26 Page 26

Chapter Four: Use Case
Deployment Scenario
No IMS support in LTE/SAE or roaming.
E-UTRAN coverage is overlapped by either GERAN coverage or UTRAN coverage.

G/U LTE
coverage UL dual coverage
mode UE

Camping (LTE) Voice (G/U) Back to LTE

PLMN selection indicator CSFB to G/U to make Idle UE:

in SIM card the CS call Frequency priority in G/U
Frequency priority in system information broadcast
network system Active UE:
information broadcast PS redirection
PS HO based on service

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 27

 Thank You

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 28