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This document discusses stress in the workplace and its management. It begins by defining stress and identifying its causes such as work overload and interpersonal conflicts. It then describes the symptoms of stress and how personality traits and locus of control can influence individuals' experiences of stress. Finally, it proposes several strategies for preventing and managing stress at the personal level through healthy lifestyle habits, social support and relaxation, and at the organizational level through training, communication, and work-life balance.
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Lecture 7 - Management and Organizational Behaviour (2).ppt
This document discusses stress in the workplace and its management. It begins by defining stress and identifying its causes such as work overload and interpersonal conflicts. It then describes the symptoms of stress and how personality traits and locus of control can influence individuals' experiences of stress. Finally, it proposes several strategies for preventing and managing stress at the personal level through healthy lifestyle habits, social support and relaxation, and at the organizational level through training, communication, and work-life balance.
This document discusses stress in the workplace and its management. It begins by defining stress and identifying its causes such as work overload and interpersonal conflicts. It then describes the symptoms of stress and how personality traits and locus of control can influence individuals' experiences of stress. Finally, it proposes several strategies for preventing and managing stress at the personal level through healthy lifestyle habits, social support and relaxation, and at the organizational level through training, communication, and work-life balance.
Understanding Stress Management and Work Performance
By Grace Abban - Ampiah
Learning Outcomes At the end of the lecture: students will be able to know that understanding the nature and causes of stress is key element in creating a work environment that meets the needs of both the organization and employees.
Identify and develop practical techniques to
manage and prevent stress at work place. Stress is a fact of life, wherever you are and whatever you are doing. You cannot avoid stress, but you can learn to manage it, so it doesnt manage you. Lesson Structure What is stress? What are stressors? Classification of stress Significance of studying stress Causes of work-related stress (Work Stressors) Symptoms of stress Stress outcomes Personality and Stress Stress moderators (Stress prevention and management) What is Stress? Psychologists, define stress as a strain experienced by an individual over a period of time which impairs the ability of the individual to perform his or her role.
Stress refers to the way individuals reacts
physically or mentally to changes, events and situations in their lives.
Stress occurs when an individual feels that they
are working outside his/her comfort zone. (Mullins, 2005) What are stressors? These are physical (Physiological) or psychological (emotional) events or situations that put pressure or demands on an Individual. Classification of stress Stress can be classified into two main groups namely: Psychological stress: which manifests itself in individual feelings through emotional stress. E.g. anxiety, excessive worry and depression
Physiological Stress: manifest itself in pain or
physical discomfort associated with human body.
E.g. abnormal blood pressure or heartbeat
detected in an individual. Psychological Stress Physiological Stress Significance of understanding and managing Stress in the organization To prevent health issues such as increased
heart rate, sweating as a result of increased
blood sugar, high blood pressure
Improve employee attitude at the work place
Less absenteeism
Improved job performance
Improve self-esteemed
Decreased use of medications.
Exercise Discuss among yourself causes of stress and describe ways it can be prevented or minimized Causes of Work-related Stress(Work Stressors) Work overload: Individuals are at a risk if they are unable to relate with work task set for them by their superiors.
Excess demands of work: some jobs takes
so much out of the employee that makes them exhausted.
Interpersonal Conflicts: Personal and
emotional conflicts with colleagues at the work place can lead to stress. Causes of Work-related Stress Boredom: Lack of interest of work, retirement, and unemployment, can lead to depression and stress.
Poor communication: Lack of effective
communication at work can lead to feelings of isolation and frustration resulting to stress.
Work Role Issues: When a person does not
know his/her roles or responsibilities at work can easily lead to stress. Symptoms of Stress 1. Headaches 2. Muscular tension 3. Fatigue 4. Hypertension 5. Heart problems 6. Lack of concentration 7. Sweating palms/shaking hands 8. Harsh treatment of others 9. Increased smoking 10. Disruptive eating (overeating or under eating) Other causes of Stress Personal circumstances: Conditions outside the work place e.g. divorce, bereavement.
Financial problems can influence the
performance or a person at work place. Lack of Sleep Fear Anxiety (nervousness) Stress Outcomes (Effects of Stress on Individuals) Personality and Stress Personality Type A Personality Type B Type A set Type B are more themselves exact relaxed, flexible and high personal and adaptable not goals and strive hard over ambitious but to achieve so they are they achieve their more prone to stress. goals through (E.g. they are impatient, proper use of their inflexible, talents so less likely hardworking) to suffer stress Locus of Control Internal Locus of External Locus of Control control Internals control Externals believe their own behaviour that their behaviour or destiny. They is controlled by more likely to get luck, chance, others stressed out easily efforts so they feel because they feel in less in control. They control of what are prone to simple happens to them anxiety reduction strategies that only pertain in the short run. Stress Moderators/Stress Prevention Management Personal Level Seek for social support Conversation with people at the work place.
Recreation: Having a lot of time for oneself
to have fun.
Time management: Planning and prioritizing
ones schedule can help reduce stress. E.g. Make a To-do-list daily to help reduce stress. Stress Moderators/Stress Prevention and Management Contd Share your problems: Always share problems when the need arises with friends and colleagues, seek for advice and opinion of your Superiors.
Live a healthy lifestyle: Develop the habit of
eating well, exercise regularly, sleep more (7-8hours). Relax anytime you are stressed out. Stress Moderators/Stress Prevention and Management Contd Relax and Exercise: Relaxing by reading interesting books, meditation, and doing exercises helps to control stress.
Adapt to change: Do not let work control
your life. Do other things that will help you become refreshed and creative. All work and no play.makes an individual become bored. Stress Moderators/Stress Management Organizational Level Managers should provide training for all staff in time management and delegation.
Adopt regular open communication so that
employees get the opportunities to discuss problems and worries bothering them at the work place.
Ensure that there are adequate resources
available to enable employees to perform their job effectively without any unreasonable pressure from deadlines. Stress Moderators/Stress Management Organizational Level Develop an effective feedback system to ensure that problems of workloads and deadlines are identified quickly.
Create a serene working environment to
help reduce managerial stress. E.g. Managers should motivate employees through providing them with certificates, appreciation, career development e.tc Group discussion. Why is the incidence of stress increasing in modern working life?
In your opinion, does stress increase as
you ascend the managerial hierarchy? Conclusion
Do not let work take over your life. Work
hard, but play hard as well in order to reduce stress! Questions