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Importance of Virology to
Cancer Biology and Cancer Medicine
Need to Control Potentially Infectious Exposure
Viral Causation
Ellerman & Bang Avian Leucosis Virus 1909
Rous Sarcoma Virus in Chickens 1911
Shope Papilloma Virus in Rabbits 1930
Bittner Milk Factor in C3H Mice 1936
Gross Murine Leukemia Virus 1945
Friend Erythroleukemia Virus 1957
Hepatitis B Virus (HPV)
Human T-Cell Lymphotrophic Virus
(HTLV-1) 1980
(Bernie Poiesz and Robert Gallo)
Demonstration that a Non-Cellular Infectious Agent
Could Generate a Cancer:
Peyton Rous and the Rous Sarcoma Virus 1912
DNA Virus
Naked Enveloped
DNA Virus
DNA Virus
p. 79
Human Cancers
Examples
Herpes Simplex Viruses 1 and 2
Epstein-Barr Virus
Cytomegalovirus
Hepadna Viruses (Hepatitis B)
Families of DNA Tumor Viruses
Causing or Possibly-causing Naturally Occurring Neoplasms
or Able to Transform Mammalian Cells in Vitro
Hepadna Hepatitis B Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Woodchuck, Duck, Squirrel
Productive Infection
producing virus particles
Start
Here
p. 77
p. 82
HIVInfect
HIVBud
HIVExit
Structure of RNA (Retro) Viruses:
and RNA Tumor Viruses
Enveloped Virus with RNA Genome
Single Stranded, Diploid, Non-complementary
Positive Polarity: Acts Directly as Message
9 kb; 3 to 4 million mw per strand
Viral envelope host-derived
RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ("Reverse transcriptase)
Transcribes RNA to complementary DNA: Provirus
Virus coded protein spikes in envelop:
Control host range
Virus coded proteins in core membrane
Nucleoid inside core with genome, some RNA's, and reverse transcriptase
p. 92 2nd Edition
Figure 3.22 The Biology of Cancer ( Garland Science 2007)
p. 95, Part 1
Part 2, Page 95
Acutely Transforming vs Sub-Acutely Transforming
RNA Viruses
C onc gene!
p. 98
3 Turning Point Question