String Field Theory Patras 2007

Non-Abelian Tensor Gauge Fields

and
Possible Extension of SM

George Savvidy
Demokritos National Research Center
Athens

Phys. Lett. B625 (2005) 341

Int.J.Mod.Phys. A21 (2006) 4959
Int.J.Mod.Phys. A21 (2006) 4931
Fortschr. Phys. 54 (2006) 472
Prog. Theor. Phys.117 (2007) 729 ------------------------ Takuya Tsukioka
Hep-th/0604118
Hep-th/ 0704.3164 ------------------------ Jessica Barrett
Hep-th/ 0706.0762 ------------------------ Spyros Konitopoulos
 String Field Theory

Extended Non-Abelian gauge transformations

Field strength tensors

Extended current algebra as a gauge group

Invariant Lagrangian and interaction vertices

Propagating modes

Higher-spin extension of the Standard Model

 String Field

The multiplicity of tensor fields in string theory grows exponentially

Lagrangian and field equations for these tensor fields ?

Search for the unbroken phase ?

Wittens generalization of gauge theories
Open string field takes values in non-commutative associative algebra
The gauge transformations are defined as:

for any parameter of degree zero.

Field strength tensor is

and transforms homogeneously under gauge transformations

The gauge invariant Lagrangian

is topological invariant - the star product is similar to the wedge product !

There is no analogue of the usual Yang-Mills action, as there is no analogue
of raising and lowering indices within the axioms of this algebra.

The other possibility is the integral of the Chern-Simons form

which is invariant under infinitesimal gauge transformations

 J.Schwinger. Particles, Sourses, and Fields
(Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1970)

1. L. P. S. Singh and C. R. Hagen. Lagrangian formulation for arbitrary spin. I.

The boson case. Phys. Rev. D9 (1974) 898

2. L. P. S. Singh and C. R. Hagen. Lagrangian formulation for arbitrary spin. II.

The fermion case. Phys. Rev. D9 (1974) 898, 910

3. C.Fronsdal. Massless fields with integer spin, Phys.Rev. D18 (1978) 3624

4. J.Fang and C.Fronsdal. Massless fields with half-integral spin,

Phys. Rev. D18 (1978) 3630
Free field Lagrangian

and the corresponding equations describe massless particles of helicity

The Lagrangian and equations are invariant with respect to the gauge transformation:
 Free field theories exhibit reach symmetries.

Which one of them can be elevated to the level

of symmetries of interacting field theory?

 In our approach the gauge fields are defined as rank-(s+1) tensors

and are totally symmetric with respect to the indices

A priory the tensor fields have no symmetries with respect to the index

the Yang-Mills field with

4 space-time components

the non-symmetric tensor gauge field with

4x4=16 space-time components

the non-symmetric tensor gauge field with

4x10=40 space-time components
The extended non-Abelian gauge transformation of the tensor gauge fields we
shall define by the following equations:

The infinitesimal gauge parameters are totally symmetric rank-s tensors

All tensor gauge bosons carry the same charges as ,

there are no traceless conditions on the gauge fields.

Gauge Algebra

In general case we shall get

and is again an extended gauge transformation with gauge parameters

Extended gauge algebra
Difference with K-K spectrum
The field strength tensors we shall define as:

The inhomogeneous extended gauge transformation induces the

homogeneous gauge transformation of the corresponding field strength tensors
 Yang-Mills Fields First rank gauge fields

It is invariant with respect to the non-Abelian gauge transformation

The homogeneous transformation of the field strength is

where
 The invariance of the Lagrangian

Its variation is
The first three terms of the Lagrangian are:
The Lagrangian for the rank-s gauge fields is (s=0,1,2,)

and the coefficient is

The gauge variation of the Lagrangian is zero:
 The Lagrangian is a linear sum of all invariant forms

It is important that:

Every term in the sum is fully gauge invariant

Coupling constants g_s remain undefined

Lagrangian does not contain higher derivatives of tensor gauge fields

All interactions take place through the three- and four-particle exchanges
with dimensionless coupling constant g

The Lagrangian contains all higher rank tensor gauge fields

and should not be truncated
It is invariant with respect to gauge transformation

Equation of motion is
The Free Field Equations

For symmetric tensor fields the equation reduces to Einstein equation

for antisymmetric tensor fields it reduces to the Kalb-Ramond equation

In momentum representation the equation has the form:

where 16x16 matrix has the form

The rank of this matrix depends on momentum

Within the 16 fields of non-symmetric tensor gauge field of the rank-2 only
three positive norm polarizations are propagating and the rest of them are
pure gauge fields.

On the non-interacting level, when we consider only the kinetic term

of the full Lagrangian, these polarizations are similar to the polarizations
of the graviton and of the Abelian anti-symmetric B field.

But the interaction of these gauge bosons carrying non-commutative internal

charges is uniquely defined by the full Lagrangian and cannot bedirectly
identified with the interactions of gravitons or B field.
Interaction Vertices

The VVV vertex

The VTT vertex

Interaction Vertices

The VVVV and VVTT vertices

 Higher-Spin Extension of the Standard Model
S parity conservation S=1

Beyond the SM

spin 3/2 2 0

S=0

Standard Model

spin 1/2 1

Masses:
Creation channel in LLC or LHC

S parity conservation

tensor lepnos
standard leptons s=1/2

vector gauge boson tensor boson

Interaction of Fermions

Rarita-Schwinger spin tensor fields

Vertices
Interaction of bosons