School Safety Training

Machine Guarding
WAC 296-806-100

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 Notice
This presentation is provided to all Educational Service
District 101 (ESD 101) schools at no cost.
This presentation contains copyrighted materials purchased
by ESD 101 for the exclusive use of training school personnel
within ESD 101.
This presentation may not be reproduced except to print
handouts or notes pages for use during training within
ESD 101 school districts.
If the school district does not have Microsofts PowerPoint
software available, a PowerPoint viewer can be downloaded
from the internet at no cost.
Questions may be directed to the ESD 101 Risk Manager.

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 Rule of Thumb
Any machine part,
function, or process
that may cause
injury
must be
safeguarded.

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 Regulatory Requirements

Regulatory requirements found in

WAC 296-806-100
Applies to specific types of equipment
Delineates general requirements

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 Where Mechanical
Hazards Occur
The point of operation
In the power transmission apparatus
Other moving parts

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Hazardous Mechanical Motions

Rotating
Reciprocating
Transverse

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 Hazardous Actions

Cutting
Punching
Shearing
Bending

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Types of Rotating Mechanisms

Collars
Couplings
Cams
Clutches
Flywheels
Shaft ends
Spindles

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 Nip Points

Caused by rotating parts

Causes include
Parts rotating in opposite directions
Parts rotating tangentially
Parts rotating close to a fixed part

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Types of Reciprocating Motions

Back and forth

Up and down

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 Types of Transverse Motions

Straight and in a continuous line

Examples include two pulleys and a belt

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 Cutting Actions

Include
Rotating motions
Reciprocating motions
Transverse motions

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 Types of Cutting Mechanisms

Band saws
Circular saws
Boring or
drilling machines
Lathes
Milling machines

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 Types of Punching Actions

A ram mechanism:
Blanks
Draws
Stamps
Used on metal or other materials

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Types of Punching Equipment

Power presses
Iron working equipment

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 Types of Shearing Actions

Uses a powered slide or knife

Done to trim or shear metal or other
materials

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 Types of Shearing Equipment

Shears that are operated:

Hydraulically
Mechanically
Pneumatically

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 Types of Bending Actions

Power is applied to a
slide to:
Draw
Stamp
Used on metal or other
materials

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 Types of Bending Equipment

Power presses
Press brakes
Tubing benders

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 Requirements for Safeguards

Minimum general requirements include:

Prevent contact
Secure
Protect from falling objects
Create no new hazards
Create no interference
Allow for safe lubrication

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 Classifications of Safeguards

Guards
Devices
Location/distance
Feeding and ejection methods
Miscellaneous aids

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 Types of Guards

Fixed
Interlocked
Adjustable
Self-adjusting

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 Types of Devices

Presence Sensing
Photoelectrical
Radio frequency
Electromechanical
Pullbacks or Restraints

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 Types of Devices (cont.)

Safety Controls
Safety trip control
Pressure-sensitive body bar
Safety tripod
Safety tripwire cable
Two-hand control
Two-hand trip
Gates
Interlocked
Other

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 Location/Distance

Makes it virtually impossible to contact

moving parts
Separates operators from the equipment
Limited by the available workspace

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Feeding and Ejection Methods

Automatic feed
Semiautomatic feed
Automatic ejection
Semiautomatic ejection
Robot

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 Miscellaneous Aids

Awareness barriers
Protective shields
Hand-feeding tools and holding fixtures

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 Quiz

1. Mechanical hazards occur at the point of operation,

in the power transmission apparatus, and _________.
2. Any moving part on a piece of equipment that could
injure an employee should be guarded. True or False
3. Power presses are extremely dangerous because
of the force necessary for them to operate. T or F
4. Shearing mechanisms can be operated with_________,
_________, or _________ energy.
5. As long as the guards remain in place, operators
should not be trained on machine guarding. T or F

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 Quiz (cont.)
6. A robot is one type of automated feeding
and ejection mechanism. True or False
7. Hazardous mechanical motions include
____________, __________, and _____________.
8. Nip points are created when sliding
mechanisms move back and forth. True or False
9. Cutting mechanisms include ________________,
________________ and __________________.
10.Location and distance is not a classification
of machine safeguarding. True or False

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 Quiz Answers
1. Mechanical hazards occur at the point of operation,
in the power transmission apparatus, and in any other
moving parts.
2. True. All moving parts that create a hazard should
be guarded.
3. True. The force of a power press can destroy metal,
let alone the human body.
4. Shearing mechanisms can be operated with hydraulic,
mechanical, or pneumatic energy.
5. False. If operators work with equipment containing
safeguards, they should be adequately trained on how
to use them.

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 Quiz Answers (cont.)

6. True. A robot is a type of feeding and/or

ejection method.
7. Hazardous mechanical motions include rotating,
reciprocating, and transverse.
8. False. Nip points are created by rotating parts.
9. Cutting mechanisms include band saws, circular
saws, drilling machines, lathes, and milling
machines.
10. False. Location and distance is one of five
classifications of machine safeguarding.

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