By Vaishnavi Vijay

Class: IF
Roll no.36
Introduction:-
Definiton:-
The branch of knowledge that deals with the state and
systems of government; the scientific analysis of political
activity and behaviour.
Origin:-
It has its origin in ancient Greek city. State
like Athens, Sparta and Cornith. Aristotle
a Greek philosopher is the father of political
science. It is derived from a the word POLIS
which means city-state.
 Scope Of Political Science:-
The study of man in relation with society.
A study of state.
Study of government.
Study of association and institution.
Study of rights and responsibilites.
Study of national and international issues.
Study of power.
Study of public policy.
 The Man In Relation With Society:-
society regularities, customs and ground rules of antihuman
behavior.
These practices are important to know how humans act and
interact with each other.
Society does not exist independently without individual. The
individual lives and acts within society but society is nothing, in
spite of the combination of individuals for cooperative effort.
Society has become an essential condition for human life to
arise and to continue. Aristotle stated that A man is a social
animal. As he satisfies his basic needs like food, clothing and
shelter from society.
political science explains the relation of man and society, as it
is a important that a man should develop a proper attitude
towards society and state
The relation between the two depends upon one fact that the
individual and the society are mutually dependent, one grows
with the help of the other.
 Study Of State:-
A state is a community of people more or less
numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion
of territory, having a government of their own to which
the great body of inhabitants render obedience,
enjoying freedom from external control.

A state is indispensible for every individual as it

studies the intimate relation between state and
citizens. It also explains various theories like origin,
nature, function and authority. Hence, it analyzed in
past, present and future situations.
 Study Of Government:-
Political science is primarily study of the problems of state
and government. The state possesses four characteristics
and government is one of them.
The man or the body of man authorised to issue orders on
behalf of state is called as government
Government is an agent of the state
Political science studies the activities of state and explains
the aims and objectives of government.
There can be no state without government.
Government has three organs {A}Legislature-makes laws
{B} Executive- executes the laws and {C}Judiciary-Interpret
the law
 Study Of Associations And
Institutions:-
There are several associations and institutions which
influence the life of an individual in order to fulfill various
needs like culture, scientific and religious etc.
Hence, the aim at promoting personality development
both at national and international level.
 Study Of Rights And
Responsibilities:-
Citizens in democratic state enjoys certain rights such
as
Right to education
Right to freedom
Right to vote etc.
The citizens also have responsibilities towards the
state by paying taxes, obeying laws and following
fundamental duties.
 Study Of National And
International issues:-
Lastly, the scope of Political Science includes a study of
international relations which has become significant since the
first quarter of the 20th century. It covers a wide range and
includes diplomacy, international politics, international law,
international organisations like the Untied Nations, etc. The
States are the subjects of international law. International law
has assumed greater importance in recent times.
Political science consist of a study of international relation as
it covers various matters of safe guarding territorial
sovereignty, cold war, balance of power, disarmament, sphere
of influence etc.
Hence they depend on each other and promotes international
laws.
 Study Of Power:-
Political science is the study of sharing and shaping of power.
It means the current forces at work in government and politics.
It covers a wide range and includes the study of political
parties, public opinion, pressure groups, lobbies, etc. A
scientific study of the working of these political dynamics helps
to explain the political behaviour of individuals and different
groups. The study in this field is often done in collaboration
with other social sciences like sociology,, anthropology and
psychology.
It explains how power is gapped, manipulated and how to have
control on society. They also cover topics like political socialism
and political communication.
 Study of Public Policy:-
Political science is the study of formulation, execution
and evolution of public policies.
They also study about formal and informal political
groups.
They also studies about industrial, agricultural, land
reform, population and education policies.
Importance Of Political Science:
The study of political science is very useful and valuable.
-> information about state.
->knowledge about government and administration.
->provides information about democratic values.
->makes democracy successful.
->awareness about rights and responsibilities.
->teaches the qualities of good citizenship.
->knowledge about world affairs.
->develops political awareness.
->explains the need of co-operation and toleration.
->knowledge of political science is indispensable.
->provides knowledge about international affairs.