1 The formation of images by plane mirrors and lenses
7.2 The formation of images by optical instruments 7.3 Light dispersion 7.4 Light scattering 7.5 The addition and subtraction of coloured light 7.6 The appearance of coloured objects 7.7 the effect of mixing pigments 7.8 The importance of colour in daily life 7.9 Appreciating the benefits of various types of optical instuments to mankind 7.1 Formation o images by a plane mirror and lenses.
A) Formation of images by a plane mirror
The characteristics of the image
formed: 1. Virtual 2. Laterally inverted (left to right inversion) 3. Size of images formed is same as the object 4. The distance between image formed and object is same B) Images formed by convex(cembung) lens
The characteristics of the image
formed for near object: 1. Virtual 2. Upright(tegak) 3. Magnified (membesar)
The characteristics of the image
formed for distant object : 1. Real 2. Inverted(sonsang) 3. Diminished(mengecil) C) Images formed by concave(cekung)lens
The characteristics of the image
formed: 1. Virtual 2. Upright(tegak) 3. Diminished(mengecil) B) Optic terms
Optical centre , O point at the centre of lens
Principle axis straight line that passes through the optical Focal point , F A point whew light rays meet Focal length, f Distance between focal point and the optical centre Object distance, u Distance between the object and the optical centre
Image distance, v Distance between the image and the optical
centre Optical centre , O Principle axis Focal point , F Focal length, f Object distance, u Image distance, v Optical centre , O Principle axis Focal point , F Focal length, f Object distance, u Image distance, v Optical centre , O Principle axis Focal point , F Focal length, f Object distance, u Image distance, v Optical centre , O Principle axis Focal point , F Focal length, f Object distance, u Image distance, v Optical centre , O Principle axis Focal point , F Focal length, f Object distance, u Image distance, v Optical centre , O Principle axis Focal point , F Focal length, f Object distance, u Image distance, v C) Rules for Convex Lens C) Rules for Convex Lens C) Rules for Convex Lens Steps for Drawing Ray Diagrams Steps for Drawing Ray Diagrams Object distance a)Object beyond 2F ( u > 2F) b)Object at 2F ( u = 2F ) c)Object between F and 2F ( 2F <u<F) d) Object at F ( u = F ) e)Object at infinity Object distance a)Object beyond 2F ( u > 2F) Object distance b) Object at 2F ( u = 2F ) Object distance c)Object between F and 2F ( 2F < u < F ) d)Object at F ( u = F ) e)Object at infinity C) Rules for Concave Lens