Solid Mensuration

Solid Geometry Plane Surface and Curved Surface

Edgar Kenneth C. Luna

Pyramids

Volume of a h
Pyramid
1
=
3 B = base
Example
A pyramid has a pentagonal base having one
of its sides equal to 6 cm. If the altitude is
12 cm.
(a)Compute the volume of the pyramid.
(b)Compute the lateral area of the pyramid.
(c)Compute the total surface area of the
pyramid.
Frustum of a Pyramid

Volume of Frustum of a
Pyramid.
b
h
1
= ( + + )
3
B
Example
The volume of a frustum of a pyramid is 140 cu. m. It
has a rectangular upper base of 3 m 4 m and
altitude of 5 m.
(a)Determine the dimensions of the lower base.
(b)Determine the lateral area of the frustum of a
pyramid.
(c)Determine the total surface area of the frustum of a
pyramid.
Cone
Volume of Cone.
1 3
= L h
3
Lateral area of Cone.
. . =
Where:
2 2 2
= +
r
Example
A closed conical tank has a diameter of 2 m at the top and
height of 6 m. It contains water at a depth of 4 m.
(a) What is the volume of the water inside the conical tank.
(b) What is the weight of the water in quintals if it has a mass
density of 1000 kg/m3.
(c) If the conical tank is inverted such that the base will be at
the bottom, determine the depth of water at this point.
Frustum of a Cone r
Volume of Frustum of a
circular Cone.
1 2
= ( + + ) 2 L h
3
Lateral area of a
Frustum of a Cone.
. . = ( + )
R
Example
The volume of a frustum of a cone is 1176 m3. If the
radius of the lower base is 10 m and the altitude is 18
m.
(a)Compute the radius of the upper base.
(b)Determine the lateral area of the frustum of a cone.
(c)Compute the total surface area of the frustum of the
cone.
Prism

Volume of
Prisms and
Cylinders. h h

B B
=
 Prism
Truncated Prism.

= ( )
Truncated Cylinder. h2 h3
+ h1 h4
2
= (
1 2
) h 1 h2
2
Truncated Rectagular Prism. B
1 + 2 +3 +4 B
= ( )
4
Prismatoid
A2
Volume of Prismatoid.

1 h/2
= (1 + 4 + 2 ) Am
6
Am = Area of the midsection h
A1 = Cross sectional area at section 1
h/2
A2 = Cross sectional area at section 2 A1
Example
A cylindrical tank 12 m long has a diameter of 4 m. It is placed at an
angle of 18 24 with the horizontal longitudinally. The tank is filled up
with gasoline.
(a) If the filler opening is found at the top of the center of the tank,
determine the maximum capacity of the tank.
(b) If the tank is placed horizontally, determine the depth of the
gasoline in the tank.
(c) If the tank is placed vertically, determine the depth of the gasoline
in the tank.
Cube
Volume of Cube.
= 3
Surface Area.
. . = 62
Radius of Sphere Circumsribing a
Cube.
3
=
2
Example
A cubical box has one of its edge equal to 4 cm.
(a) Find the radius of the sphere that encloses the cubical
box so that the corners of the box touches the sphere.
(b) What is the volume between the cubical box and the
sphere?
(c) Pass a plane to the cube so that the section form would
be a regular hexagon whose vertices are the mid point of
the sides of the cube. Find the area of the hexagon.
5 Regular Polyhedrons
Tetrahedron
Faces Triangle
No. of faces 4
No. of edges 6
No. of vertices 4
Polygon angle 60
Sum of angles 180
Radius of circumscribing 6
sphere 4
Radius of inscribed 6
sphere 12
Total area 2 3
Volume 1 3
2
12
5 Regular Polyhedrons
Hexahedron
Faces Square
No. of faces 6
No. of edges 12
No. of vertices 8
Polygon angle 90
Sum of angles 270
Radius of circumscribing 3
sphere 2
Radius of inscribed
sphere 2
Total area 62
Volume 3
5 Regular Polyhedrons
Octahedron
Faces Triangle
No. of faces 8
No. of edges 12
No. of vertices 6
Polygon angle 60
Sum of angles 240
Radius of circumscribing 2
sphere 2
Radius of inscribed 6
sphere 6
Total area 22 3
Volume 1 3
2
3
5 Regular Polyhedrons
Dodecahedron
Faces Pentagon
No. of faces 12
No. of edges 30
No. of vertices 20
Polygon angle 108
Sum of angles 324
Radius of circumscribing sphere 3(1 + 5)
4
Radius of inscribed sphere
50 + 22 5
4 5
Total area
3+ 5
152
5 5
Volume 53 3
5 Regular Polyhedrons
Icosahedron
Faces Triangle
No. of faces 20
No. of edges 30
No. of vertices 12
Polygon angle 60
Sum of angles 300
Radius of circumscribing
sphere 2(5 + 5)
4
Radius of inscribed
sphere 7+3 5
2 6
Total area 5 2 3
Volume 5 3
(3 + 5)
12
Example
A regular tetrahedron has one of each side equal
to 20 cm.
(a)Compute the surface area of the tetrahedron.
(b)Compute the volume of the tetrahedron.
(c)Compute the volume of sphere inscribed in the
regular tetrahedron.
Plates (A4)

1.) The inside diameters of the bases of a

flowerpot are 10 inches ans 7 inches and
slant height of 9 in. How many cubic of
soil does it contain when it is completely
filled?
(Ans: 508.79 in3)
Plates (A4)

2.)A pile of sand is in a form of right

circular cone of altitude 7 ft and slant
height 25 ft. What is the weight of the
3
sand, if its density is 100 lb/ft .
(Ans: 422,230 lbs)
Plates (A4)

3.) A steam pipe is 10 m long and has an

internal diameter of 50 cm. If the pipe
has 10 cm thick, find the volue of metal
in the pipe.
(Ans: 1,885,000 cm3)
Plates (A4)

4.) A cylindrical tank has its height 150%

of its diameter. If the tank volume is 200
3
m , find the tank height.
(Ans: 8.30 m)
Plates (A4)

5.) Find the volume of a cube that can be

cut from a log that has a radius of 20 cm.
(Ans: 22,627.417 cm )3
Plates (A4)

6.) A cube has edges of 12 inches. If the

edge will be decreased by 4 inches, find
the percent decrease in volume.
(Ans: 70.37%)
Plates (A4)
7.) Determine the volume of a right
truncated prism with the following
dimensions: Lot the corners of the triangular
base be defined by A, B, and C are
perpendicular to the triangle base and have
the height of 8.6 ft, 7.1 ft, and 5.5 ft
respectively.
(Ans: 311 ft3)
Plates (A4)

8.) If the cone has a base radius of 35 cm

and an altitude of 45 cm, solve for the
total surface area.
(Ans: 10,115.93 cm ) 2
Plates (A4)

9.) A pipe line material of silicon carbide

used in the conveyance of pulverized coal
to fuel boiler, has thickness of 2 cm and
inside diameter of 10 cm. Find the
volume of the material for pipe length of
6 m.
(Ans: 45,239 cm ) 3
Plates (A4)

10.) A circular piece of cardboard with a

diameter of 1 m will be made into a
conical hat 40 cm high by cutting a sector
off and joining the edges to form a cone.
Determine the cone diameter and the
angle subtended by the sector removed.
(Ans: 60 cm, 144 degrees)
END