SMOKING

Smoking is responsible for several diseases, such as cancer, long-term (chronic)

respiratory diseases, and heart disease, as well as premature death.
The WHO calls tobacco the single most preventable cause of death in the world
Why is nicotine so addictive?
Nicotine is addictive because, like all other addictive drugs, it activates your brain's
reward system. When you smoke, the nicotine from the cigarette absorbs quickly
and within 10 seconds is affecting your brain. While in your brain, nicotine
increases the levels of dopamine, a chemical messenger that stimulates the
pleasure and reward system, causing a satisfying, positive feeling.
 Primary
Second hand smokers
- Secondhand smoke (SHS) is also
2 TYPES OF called environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Its a
mixture of 2 forms of smoke that come from
SMOKERS burning tobacco. Secondhand smoke (SHS) has
the same harmful chemicals that smokers inhale.
Theres no safe level of exposure for secondhand
smoke (SHS).
STATISTICS

MORE than one in every eight Filipino aged 1315 years old have been found to be puffing
tobacco products, according to the Youth and Tobacco in the Western Pacific Region: Global Youth
Tobacco Survey (GYTS) 2005-2014 report of the World Health Organization (WHO).
According to the latest GYTS report of the WHO Western Pacific Regional Office (WPRO), 13.7
percent of those aged 13 to 15 years old in the Philippines are using tobacco products. This makes
the Philippines rank 15th among the highest out of the 22 countries subjected to the GYTS, said
the report.

Read more: http://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/2016/06/29/14-filipino-youth-found-

smoking-482269
 Twenty-eight percent or 17.3 million Filipino adults age 15 years
and older are current tobacco smokers, according to the results
of the 2009 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS). Almost half (48
percent or 14.6 million) of adult males and 9 percent (2.8
million) of adult females are current smokers. Moreover, 23
percent of Filipino adults are daily tobacco smokers: 38 percent
for males and 7 percent for females.
Filipinos mainly smoke cigarettes, which include manufactured
cigarettes and hand-rolled cigarettes. Cigarettes are smoked by
47 percent of men and by 9 percent of women. On the average,
male daily smokers consume 11 cigarettes per day while female
daily smokers consume 7 cigarettes per day.

https://psa.gov.ph/article/173-million-filipino-adults-are-current-
tobacco-smokers
WHY TEENS START SMOKING?

Adult smoking: When kids and

teens see adults, especially their
Peer influence: This is the most common reason
parents or other family members,
that kids and teens, especially girls, start to smoke.
smoke, they will be more likely to
Kids whose friends smoke are more likely to start
smoke because they will perceive
smoking, as it gives them a sense of belonging.
smoking as normal behaviour and
something that is grown-up and
mature.
 Coping with stress: Just like adults, kids and
teens can use smoking to relieve stress.
Nicotine inhaled by cigarettes rapidly
activates the reward and pleasures areas of
the brain, creating positive feelings and
sensations.
Whether young or old, some people smoke
to control their weight. Smokers, on the
average, weigh seven pounds less than non-
Contd smokers. Smoking reduces a person's
appetite. It lessens his/her sense of taste
and smell. This could be why ex-smokers
gain weight after quitting cigarettes. Food
tastes and smells so much better.
Finally, there are people who say they love
to smoke. Smoking gives them pleasure. It
just makes them feel good.
Smoking and Increased Health Risks
Cigarette smoking harms nearly every organ of the body, causes many diseases,
and reduces the health of smokers in general.
mokers are more likely than nonsmokers to develop heart disease, stroke, and
lung cancer.
Estimates show smoking increases the risk:
For coronary heart disease by 2 to 4 times
For stroke by 2 to 4 times
Of men developing lung cancer by 25 times
Of women developing lung cancer by 25.7 times
When you smoke, the toxins from cigarette smoke enter your
blood. The toxins in your blood then:

Make your blood thicker, and increase chances of clot

formation

Increase your blood pressure and heart rate, making your

heart work harder than normal Circulation
Narrow your arteries, reducing the amount of oxygen rich
blood circulating to your organs.

Together, these changes to your body when you smoke

increase the chance of your arteries narrowing and clots
forming, which can cause a heart attack or stroke.
Brain
If you smoke, you are more likely to have a stroke than someone who doesn't smoke.
In fact, smoking increases your risk of having a stroke by at least 50%, which can cause
brain damage and death. And, by smoking, you double your risk of dying from a stroke.
One way that smoking can increase your risk of a stroke is by increasing your chances of
developing a brain aneurysm. This is a bulge in a blood vessel caused by a weakness in
the blood vessel wall. This can rupture or burst which will lead to an extremely serious
condition known as a subarachnoid haemorrhage, which is a type of stroke, and can
cause extensive brain damage and death.
The good news is that within two years of stopping smoking, your risk of stroke is
reduced to half that of a non-smoker and within five years it will be the same as a non-
smoker.
 Smoking damages your heart and your blood
circulation, increasing the risk of conditions such as
coronary heart disease, heart attack, stroke,
peripheral vascular disease (damaged blood vessels)
and cerebrovascular disease (damaged arteries that
supply blood to your brain).
Carbon monoxide from the smoke and nicotine both
put a strain on the heart by making it work faster.
Heart They also increase your risk of blood clots. Other
chemicals in cigarette smoke damage the lining of
your coronary arteries, leading to furring of the
arteries.
In fact, smoking doubles your risk of having a heart
attack, and if you smoke you have twice the risk of
dying from coronary heart disease than lifetime
non-smokers.
The good news is that after only one year of not
smoking, your risk is reduced by half. After stopping
for 15 years, your risk is similar to that of someone
who has never smoked.
Lungs
Your lungs can be very badly affected by smoking. Coughs, colds, wheezing and asthma
are just the start. Smoking can cause fatal diseases such as pneumonia, emphysema and
lung cancer. Smoking causes 84% of deaths from lung cancer and 83% of deaths from
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
COPD, a progressive and debilitating disease, is the name for a collection of lung diseases
including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. People with COPD have difficulties
breathing, primarily due to the narrowing of their airways and destruction of lung tissue.
Typical symptoms of COPD include: increasing breathlessness when active, a persistent
cough with phlegm and frequent chest infections.
Whilst the early signs of COPD can often be dismissed as a smokers cough, if people
continue smoking and the condition worsens, it can greatly impact on their quality of life.
 Smokers have an increased chance of
getting stomach cancer or ulcers. Smoking
can weaken the muscle that controls the
lower end of your gullet (oesophagus) and
allow acid from the stomach to travel in the
wrong direction back up your gullet, a
process known as reflux.
Stomach Smoking is a significant risk factor for
developing kidney cancer, and the more you
smoke the greater the risk. For example,
research has shown that if you regularly
smoke 10 cigarettes a day, you are one and
a half times more likely to develop kidney
cancer compared with a non-smoker. This is
increased to twice as likely if you smoke 20
or more cigarettes a day.
Mouth and throat

Smoking causes unattractive problems such as bad breath and stained teeth, and
can also cause gum disease and damage your sense of taste.
The most serious damage smoking causes in your mouth and throat is an
increased risk of cancer in your lips, tongue, throat, voice box and gullet
(oesophagus). More than 93% of oropharangeal cancers (cancer in part of the
throat) are caused by smoking.
The good news is that when you stop using tobacco, even after many years of
use, you can greatly reduce your risk of developing head and neck cancer. Once
you've been smoke free for 20 years, your risk of head and neck cancer is reduced
to that of a non-smoker.
 Skin
Smoking reduces the amount of oxygen that gets to your skin.
This means that if you smoke, your skin ages more quickly and
looks grey and dull. The toxins in your body also cause cellulite.
Smoking prematurely ages your skin by between 10 and 20
years, and makes it three times more likely you'll get facial
wrinkling, particularly around the eyes and mouth. Smoking
even gives you a sallow, yellow-grey complexion and hollow
cheeks, which can cause you to look gaunt.
The good news is that once you stop smoking, you will prevent
further deterioration to your skin caused by smoking.
 Smoking can cause male impotence, as it
damages the blood vessels that supply
blood to the penis. It can also damage
sperm, reduce sperm count and cause
testicular cancer.
For women, smoking can reduce fertility.
One study found that smokers were over
Reproduction and three times more likely than non-smokers
fertility to have taken more than one year to
conceive. The study estimated that the
fertility of smoking women was 72% that of
non-smokers.
Smoking also increases your risk of cervical
cancer. People who smoke are less able to
get rid of the HPV infection from the body,
which can develop into cancer
 Smoking can cause your bones to become weak
and brittle. Women need to be especially
Bones careful as they are more likely to suffer from
brittle bones (osteoporosis) than non-smokers.
Smoking can cause cancer almost anywhere in your body:
Bladder
Blood (acute myeloid leukemia)
Cervix
Colon and rectum (colorectal)
Esophagus
Kidney and ureter
Larynx
Liver
Oropharynx (includes parts of the throat, tongue, soft palate, and the tonsils)
Pancreas
Stomach
Trachea, bronchus, and lung
Smoking also increases the risk of dying from cancer and other diseases in cancer patients and
survivors.
If nobody smoked, one of every three cancer deaths in the United States would not happen.
 Most smokers start using tobacco at a young age and continue
throughout adulthood. As a consequence, a significant proportion
will experience tobacco-related illness and death, said WHO
Regional Director for the Western Pacific Dr Shin Young-soo in a
statement.

We must remain vigilant to ensure that the future of our youth

won't be marred by tobacco's deplorable harms. To use the youth as
today's tobacco customers is unacceptable," said Shin.
Executive Order 26 Anti Smoking Law
MANILA, Philippines - The
Department of Health (DOH)
reminded the public yesterday
the nationwide smoking ban
would take effect starting July 23,
or 60 days after the signing of
Executive Order 26.
DOH spokesman Eric Tayag
said the EO can be
implemented even without
the implementing rules and
regulations, or IRR.
The effectivity of EO is 60 days
after publication, not after
signing. No need for the IRR, he
explained.

Tayag also urged The EO on smoking will

establishments to start
putting up No Smoking
signs measuring 8 x 11 inches,
with the symbol occupying 60
percent of the signage.
have to be implemented.
Those who fail to comply
with will be made as
example offenders, he
warned.
 Quitting smoking cuts cardiovascular risks. Just
1 year after quitting smoking, your risk for a
heart attack drops sharply.
Within 2 to 5 years after quitting smoking, your
Quitting and risk for stroke may reduce to about that of a
Reduced Risks nonsmokers.
If you quit smoking, your risks for cancers of the
mouth, throat, esophagus, and bladder drop by
half within 5 years.
Ten years after you quit smoking, your risk for
lung cancer drops by half.
 Immediately after quitting
Within a few hours, the level Within a few weeks,
smoking, heart rate and
of carbon monoxide, which circulation improves, you
blood pressure, which is
reduces the bloods ability to dont produce as much
abnormally high while
carry oxygen, begins to phlegm, and you dont
smoking, begin to return to
decline. cough or wheeze as often.
normal.

The workload on the heart is Food tastes better, and your

Everyday activities no longer
decreased and cardiac sense of smell returns to
leave you out of breath.
function is improved. normal.

What Happens When You Quit

 Within several months of quitting, you experience significant improvements in
lung function.
In one year, your risk of heart disease, heart attack, and stroke is halved.
In five years, many kinds of cancer, including lung, larynx, mouth, stomach,
cervix, bladder, show decline in risk, and that decline approaches the risk of
someone who has never smoked.
Within 10 to 15 years, risk of lung disease, including bronchitis and
emphysema, are decreased.
Conditions such as cataracts, macular degeneration, thyroid conditions,
hearing loss, dementia, and osteoporosis are positively affected.
Nerve endings in the mouth and nose begin to regenerate, improving taste
and smell.

What Happens When You Quit

 Years will be
If youre added to your life:
If youre taking birth pregnant, youll people who quit
Medications may control pills, quitting protect your smoking,
Youll have regardless of their
work better, smoking will decreased risk unborn child
enabling some to decrease your from Sudden age, are less likely
for impotence than those who
be taken in chance of heart Infant Death
decreased doses. attack and stroke and infertility. Syndrome (SIDS) continue to smoke
due to clotting. and low birth to die from
weight. smoking-related
illness.
 https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancer-causes/tobacco-and-
cancer/secondhand-smoke.html
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_eff
ects/effects_cig_smoking/index.htm
http://www.medbroadcast.com/channel/smoking/smoking-
basics/second-hand-smoke
https://psa.gov.ph/article/173-million-filipino-adults-are-current-
tobacco-smokers
https://www.nhs.uk/smokefree/why-quit/smoking-health-problems