DEE 6113 CMOS

INTERGRATED
CIRCUIT DESIGN
 GROUP D

Describe how ultra-pure silicon is

formed from raw material (Sand)
and show the chemical reaction
 How to make:
Process heats silica (sand) and coke in a
submerged electric are furnace to high
temperatures.
High temperatures are required to
produce a reaction where the oxygen is
removed, leaving behind silicon.
Know as a reduction process.
 Metal carbides usually form first at the
lower temperatures.
As silicon is formed, it displaces the
carbon.
Refining processes are used to improve
purity.
 Another Process
Heat a mixture of common silica sand and
magnesium powder in a test tube.
The magnesium steals the oxygen atoms from
the silica, leaving elemental silicon.
 The chemical reaction

2C + SiO

Carbon Carbon
Monoxide Silicon

Quartz Sand

silicon metal made from the reaction of silica

(silicon dioxide, SiO2) and carbon materials
like coke, coal and wood chips.
Video