Bisht Anuj Gupta Sharad Singh Ankur Rajput Vikas - Manganese is a mineral element that is both nutritionally essential and potentially toxic.
- Manganese is a micronutrient because it is
required in small quantities. General Function 1) Manganese helps the body form connective tissue, bones, blood clotting factors, and sex hormones.
2) It also plays a role in fat and carbohydrate metabolism, calcium absorption,
and blood sugar regulation.
3) Manganese is also necessary for normal brain and nerve function.
4) Manganese is a component of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide
dismutase (SOD), which helps fight free radicals.
5) Manganese overexposure is most frequently associated with manganism, a
rare neurological disorder associated with excessive manganese ingestion or inhalation. MANGANESE SPECIFIC FUNCTION AND ROLE IN HUMAN BODY 1) Free Radicals: Due to the antioxidant properties of manganese, the health benefits of manganese include a special function of monitoring the activity of free radicals in human body. These free radicals are capable of damaging human cells and causing cancer and other devastating diseases, so adding manganese supplements or food rich in this mineral is a very good choice, particularly if you have other risk factors for various diseases. 2) Sugar level: Manganese has also exhibited efficiency in controlling the level of sugar in human blood. This may further prevent the occurrence of certain diseases like diabetes. To control the level of sugar in the blood, manganese normalizes insulin synthesis and secretion, and the unpredictable drops in blood sugar can be better regulated, providing a more normal and functional life for diabetics. 3) Epilepsy: Low levels of manganese can act as a trigger for epileptic seizures. Manganese supplements can aid in controlling the possibility of any minor or major epileptic seizure. The exact mechanism for this is not fully understood, but manganese has been shown to act as a vasodilator in various studies, and there are some researchers who believe that this is the key to the anti-epileptic quality. 4) Metabolism: Regulation of the bodys metabolism is one of the vital functions of manganese. Manganese-activated enzymes help in the metabolism of cholesterol, amino acids, and carbohydrates. It is also important for the metabolism of Vitamins like Vitamin E and Vitamin B-1. Furthermore, it helps the liver properly function and run smoothly, as well as being an essential part of the metabolism of glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in the body, and a key part of DNA polymerase. 5) Inflammation and Sprains: Manganese is a widely known remedy for sprains as well as inflammation as it helps in increasing the level of superoxide dismutase. This increased level is due to the antioxidant properties of the mineral. Superoxide dismutase, also known as SOD, is normally found in very low levels in patients with arthritis. SOD has anti-inflammatory qualities which arthritis sufferers desperately need, so adding manganese back into the body to increase synthesis and function of SOD has been connected with a decrease in symptoms of this condition, according to various studies. 6) Preventing Osteoporosis: Manganese supplements are connected to the relief of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis syndrome because it is an essential mineral that has been proven to add to bone density and overall mineral density. However, as an individual element in the creation and repair of bones, studies are still somewhat lacking. In human testing, at least, most bone health research is done with a complete panel of trace minerals, not just manganese. Further studies have to be done on the specific roles and mechanisms of manganese on the body. 7) Alleviating PMS syndrome: It is an unfortunate but unavoidable fact that many women suffer from premenstrual syndrome (PMS). In these monthly situations, manganese helps to alleviate the mood swings, headaches, depression and irritability to a considerable extent. Studies have shown a connection between low levels of various trace minerals, including manganese, in women who suffered from particularly severe PMS symptoms, so supplementation is recommended. That being said, the impact of manganese on the hormonal function of the body can be quite noticeable, so speak with a doctor before using manganese supplementation to help with PMS, since that is also heavily connected to hormones. 8) Aids in vitamin absorption: Manganese helps absorb vital vitamins like vitamin B and E and minerals like magnesium. This is due to the role of manganese in the enzymatic reactions that are required to absorb and utilize vitamins taken in from food. Manganese is one of the most versatile co-factors for enzymatic reactions, and if there is a risk of having a deficiency in certain vitamins, then be sure to increase levels of manganese, as long as they are still within safe and non- toxic levels. 9) Brain and nervous system: Manganese is essential for the healthy functioning of the brain and it is also used to treat specific nervous disorders. This is most likely due to the superoxide dismutase, which scavenges free radicals throughout the body, including the neural pathways. Oxidation byproducts like free radicals are everywhere in the body, and the brain can be negatively affected just as easily as other parts of the body, therefore powerful antioxidants like SOD are required. Aside from its antioxidant role, manganese can also bind with neurotransmitters and stimulate faster or more efficient transmission of electrical impulses throughout the body, in effect, speeding up cognitive function! 10) Glucose Metabolism: Manganese aids in regulating glucose metabolism in the human body. This is one of the most important health benefits of manganese to provide proper resources to different body parts, which increases energy and functional efficiency. Also, when glucose is properly absorbed and utilized by organ systems and muscles, there is less of a chance of excess buildup, which is dangerous for patients with diabetics. Proper management of diabetes is definitely aided by proper manganese levels in the body. 11) Digestive tract: Manganese is a mineral, which is helpful in maintaining the functioning of the digestive track. This further improves the absorption of fat in the process of digestion, and also reduces issues like constipation and bowel discomfort. Manganese is also important in terms of efficient food utilization and the transformation into usable energy. DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS MANGANESE: Ataxia Fainting Hearing loss Weak tendons and ligaments Possible cause of diabetes. Medical studies indicate that manganese deficiency impairs glucose metabolism and reduced insulin production. Manganese deficiency has been linked to myasthenia gravis. Manganese activates several enzyme systems and supports the utilization of vitamin C, E, choline, and other B-vitamins. Inadequate choline utilization reduces the acetylcholine synthesis, causing conditions such as myasthenia gravis (loss of muscle strength). Infertility Impaired glucose metabolism Diseases of the skeletal structure, and impaired growth Pancreatic dysfunction Elevated blood pressure Atherosclerosis Reduced protein metabolism Reduced immune function Selenium deficiency Depressed activity of mammary glands in nursing mothers Mitochondrial abnormalities EXCESS SYMPTOMS OF MANGANESE Psychiatric illnesses Mental confusion Impaired memory Loss of appetite Mask-like facial expression and monotonous voice Spastic gait Neurological problems
(Oxford Medical Histories) Schmidt, Dieter - Shorvon, Simon D - The End of Epilepsy - A History of The Modern Era of Epilepsy Research 1860-2010-Oxford University Press (2016)