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What is matter?
Matter: Anything that hass mass and volume
Examples:
Copper has a reddish color
Water has a density of 1 g/ml
Diamonds are much harder than other
minerals.
Physical & Chemical Changes:
Physical Change: a change in a substance that
does not change the identity of a substance.
(example: crumpling up a piece of paper.)
Examples:
Flammability: the ability to burn (be converted
to energy)
Reactivity: the ability to combine with other
types of matter and become a new substance
Signs of chemcial change:
Change in color
Change in odor
Creation of gas (fizzing, bubbling)
Production of heat or other change in
temperature
Creation of light
Creation of sound (e.g., explosion)
1. Place thermometer in jar and close lid. 1. Pour some vinegar (citric acid) into a
2. Wait 5 minutes and record beaker.
temperature. 2. Record temperature.
3. Soak steel wool in vinegar for 5 3. Stir in some baking soda.
minutes. 4. Wait 30-60 seconds
4. Wrap vinegar-soaked steel wool 5. Record temperature again.
around thermometer bulb, place back in
jar.
5. After 5 more minutes, record Temperature before Sodium bicarbonate:
temperature again. ___________C
Reactant Product
Balancing Chemical Equations:
Its really important that chemical equations:
1. Reflect reality;
2. Reflect (obey) the law of conservation of
mass.
C + O2 CO2
To balance equations, because of the way
electrons move around in chemical bonds,
coefficients must be added to the equation: