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System
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INTRODUCTION
The introduction of Information Technology in the last fifty years has allowed
modelling and simulation to penetrate the majority of engineering disciplines and
natural and social sciences. Regardless of whether the matter under debate is the
design of wheel suspension for a car, the metabolism of a bacteria, or the introduction
of a new interest formula, models of these real systems are always drawn
upon to gain an understanding of the inner relationships of the system and to make
predictions about its behaviour. The simulation is often also used as a substitute for
experiments on an existing system, which is associated with a range of benefits:
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INTRODUCTION 2
Simulated models are generally completely controllable. So all input variables
and parameters of the system can be predetermined. This is normally not the
case for a real system.
Simulated models are generally fully monitorable. All output variables and
internal states are available, whereas in the real system every variable to be
monitored involves at least a significant measurement cost. In addition, each
measurement taken influences the behaviour of the system.
In some cases the time constants of the experiment and observer are incompatible,
such as the investigation of elementary particles or galaxies.
In some cases an experiment is ruled out for moral reasons, for example experiments
on humans in the field of medical technology.
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INTRODUCTION 4
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Control, Instrumentation, and Design
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Example
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