PDEA reveals 7

new dangerous
drugs
 Metro Manila (CNN Philippines) The
Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA)
warned the public on the seven additional
substances included in the list of dangerous drugs.
In an article on state media Philippines News
Agency (PNA), PDEA Director General Isidro
Lapea said the following substances were
classified harmful drugs based on the
recommendations and standards of the United
Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
and the Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND):
 ACETYLFENTANYL
MT-45
PARA-METHOXYMETHYLAMPHETAMINE
(PPMA)
Alpha-PYRROLIDINOVALEROPHENONE (a-
PVP)
Para-METHYLAMINOREX (4,4'-DMAR)
METHOXETAMINE (MXE]
PHENAZEPAM
ACETYLFENTANYL C21H26N2O
is an opioid analgesic drug of
the piperidine class that is also an analog
of fentanyl. Studies have estimated
acetylfentanyl to be between five to
fifteen times more potent than heroin
Acetylfentanyl was discovered at the
same time as fentanyl and was rarely
encountered on the illicit market in the
late 1980s as it was never commonly
used.
STRUCTURE
Pharmacology
The recreational effects of this compound
occur because opioids structurally mimic
endogenous endorphins which are naturally
found within the body and also work upon
the -opioid receptor set. The way in which
opioids structurally mimic these natural
endorphins results in their physical
euphoria, pain relief and anxiolytic effects.
This is because endorphins are responsible
for reducing pain, causing sleepiness, and
feelings of pleasure.
Health Issues
Pain relief - In comparison to other opiates, acetylfentanyl can be described as a
strong analgesic, providing relief even at non-recreational doses.
Physical Euphoria - This particular substance can be considered as less intense in
its physical euphoria when compared with that of morphine (heroin), but it is
considerably more euphoric than that of fentanyl.
Itchiness - This drug presents very little itch response due to little to no amounts
of histamine being release, unlike other opiods.
Respiratory Depression - In comparison to other opiates, acetylfentanyl displays
this effect at lower doses relative to euphoria.
Sedation - Acetylfentanyl can be described as considerably less sedating
than fentanyl; however, at heavy doses this compound can result in overwhelming
feelings of sedation and tiredness.
Constipation
Cough Supression
Diffuculty Urinating
Pupil Restriction
MT-45 C24H32N2

MT-45 (IC-6) is an opiod analgesic drug

invented in the 1970s by Dainippon
Pharmaceutical Co. It is chemically a 1-
substituted-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)
piperazine derivative, which is structurally
unrelated to most other opioid drugs. It has
been used as a lead compound from which
a large family of potent opioid drugs have
been developed, including full agonists, partial
agonists, and antagonists at the three
main opioid receptor subtypes.
Structure
Health Issues
There is currently limited empirical data
available on the side effects, adverse
reactions, long term damage, and/or
addiction potential of MT-45
nausea
itching
respiratory depression
unconsciousness
persisting bilateral hearing loss after use
potentially addictive and may cause
withdrawal symptoms
PARA-METHOXYMETHYLAMPHETAMINE

is a stimulant closely related to

the PMMA is the methoxy
analog of methamphitamine. Little is
known about the pharmacological
properties, metabolism, and toxicity of
PMMA;
Synthesis
The synthesis and effects of PMMA were
described by American experimental
chemist Alexander Shulgin in his
book PikHAL, where it is referred to by
the name "methyl-MA", as the N-
methalyted form of 4-MA (PMA).
Structure
Health Issues
Feeling alert and excited
Seeing colours and shapes
Heightened senses (sight, hearing and
touch)3
Dry mouth
Teeth grinding
eye movements
Muscle spasms
Death4
-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone
C15H21NO
-PVP (also known as A-PVP, or flakka) is
a synthetic stimulant drug of
the cathinone and pyrovalerone classes.
As MDPV and cathinone compounds found
in the khat plant of eastern Africa. It
generally comes in the form of either a
crystalline powder or large crystal shards
which users can ingest to produce effects
which are somewhat similar to that
of amphetamine and cocaine
Structure
Chemistry

-PVP is a substituted pentanone bound to a

phenyl group and a pyridine group. It is a
stimulant of the monoamine cathinone class,
similar to pentadrone. -PVP shares a similar
structure to amphetamine, featuring a
susbtituted phenethylamine core featuring a
phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group
through an ethyl chain. It is alpha-substituted
(R with a propyl chain. Additionally it
features a oxygen substitution double-
bonded to R2.
 Spontaneous tactile sensations- The "body high" of -PVP can be described as a
moderate to extreme euphoric tingling sensation that encompasses the entire body.
It is capable of becoming overwhelming at higher dosages. This sensation maintains a
consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the
peak has been reached.
Stimulation - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, -PVP can
be considered to be extremely stimulating and energetic. This encourages activities
such as running, climbing and dancing.
Urinating - Higher doses of -PVP result in an overall difficulty when it comes to
urination, an effect that is completely temporary and harmless.
Vasoconstriction - -PVP can be considered very vasoconstricting at higher
doses, and is on par with that of amphetamine and methamphetamine.
Teeth grinding
Euphoria- A euphoria very similar to amphetamine is present as well as feelings of
joy and happiness and are likely a direct result of serotonin and dopamine release.
Thought acceleration
Analysis enhancement
4,4'-Dimethylaminorex
C11H14N2O
sometimes referred to by the street
name "Serotoni", is a psychostimulant and
entactogen designer drug related
to aminorex, 4-
methylaminorex and pemoline. It was first
detected in the Netherlands in December
2012,and has been sold as a designer
drug around Europe since mid-2013.
Structure
Methoxetamine (MXE)
C15H21NO2
Methoxetamine (also known as mexxy or
MXE). Although there is very little evidence
about its short and long term effects, we do
know that it is chemically related to
dissociative anaesthetics like ketamine and
PCP, and has similar effects. From anecdotal
reports, MXE appears to be much stronger
than ketamine, so users should take extra
care to avoid overdosing by only using small
amounts.
Structure
Health issues
MXE can make people feel very chilled out, relaxed and
euphoric.
MXE can produce a feeling of floating away, as if the
mind and body are separated (called a dissociative
state). You could feel completely detached from your
body and surroundings, putting yourself in danger of
accidentally being hurt or being hurt by others.
MXE can cause hallucinations.
MXE can also cause involuntary eye movement, loss of
balance and poor coordination, unsteadiness on your
feet and slurred speech. These effects are not seen
when people use ketamine.
PHENAZEPAM
is a powerful benzodiazepine, which are drugs
referred to as minor tranquillisers because they
relieve tension and anxiety, and help the user feel
calm and relaxed. Phenazepam has been reported
as approximately five times stronger than Valium
(another well known tranquilliser), so it is easy to
take too much and overdose. Phenazepam is not
used in the UK as a medicine, but it is used in
Russia to treat epilepsy and neurological
disorders. Phenazepam was previously sold and
marketed as a legal high or as fake Valium.
Health Issues
What are the effects of phenazepam?
Phenazepam is a powerful benzodiazepine.
It provides a sedative effect, relieving tension
and anxiety, and making the user feel calm
and relaxed.
It can also cause a loss of coordination,
dizziness and drowsiness.
Big doses can make a user forgetful and send
them to sleep or potentially put them into a
coma.