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History of Management
Thought
Quality Viewpoint
Contingency Viewpoint
Systems Viewpoint
Behavioral Viewpoint
Traditional Viewpoint
1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2
Top Manager
Continuum of Bureaucratic
Orientation U.S
Dreamworks Postal
SKG Coca-Cola Service
INPUTS
Human, physical, TRANS- OUTPUTS
financial, and FORMATION Products
information and
PROCESS Services
resources
Feedback Loops
Contingency Viewpoint
Behavioral Viewpoint
How managers influence others:
Informal Group
Cooperation among employees
Employees social needs
Contingency Viewpoint
Managers use of other viewpoints
to solve problems involving:
External environment
Technology
Individuals
Adapted from Figure 2.6
Quality and Ed Demming
Society has passed the point of concern
with quantity of production, because for
the most part quantity has been maxed-
out
Quality is now the issue when
performance is discussed
Demming pioneered the quality
movement, and was ignored in the US
Demmings Story
Developed the quality idea
Was rejected by US companies
Sold his ideas in Japan
Japan excelled in automobile, and
technological quality
US companies had to play catch-up in
the 1980s
Demmings Principles
Quality at the beginning will lead to
lower costs and greater productivity in
the long-run
use of statistical methods to assess
quality
all employees are responsible for quality
checks
leads to company image, lower costs,
less product liability
2.10
Importance of Quality
Lower
Costs &
Positive Higher
Company Market
Image Share
QUALITY
Decreased
Product
Liability