Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Rate of Reaction
Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction
Collision Theory
Scientific Knowledge to Enhance Quality of Life
Rate of reaction
Some reactions happen very quickly while some take more time
to complete.
Fast reaction: reactants are converted into products quickly
Slow reaction: reactants take more time to be converted into
products
Reactants Products
=
Size of
reactant
(total surface
area)
Presence of Concentratio
catalyst n of reactant
Factors
affecting
the rate of
reaction
Application Temperature
of pressure of reactant
Size of reactant
When we cut the potato into pieces, the surface area increases. This
makes frying easier and faster.
High
concentration
Low
Hydrochloric
acid and concentration
magnesium
ribbon
Effect of concentration
The concentration in experiment A is higher than B.
[More particles in A than B]
Due to the
Particles absorb increase in
When temperature
more energy and energy, particles
increases,
travel faster. collide with more
energy.
Frequency of
Rate of reaction
effective collision
becomes faster
increases
Catalyst
Catalyst : a substance that changes the rate of chemical reactions
[Remember : a catalyst will NOT be used up during the reaction it
is neither reactant nor product]
2 types of catalyst: positive & negative
Examples of catalysts:
Iron for the Haber process (production of ammonia)
Vanadium (V) oxide for the contact process (production of sulphuric acid)
Combination of platinum and rhodium for Ostwald process (production of
nitric acid)
Inhibitor : a substance that interferes with action of catalyst and
slows down the rate of reaction.
How does a catalyst work?
All chemical reactions need a minimum energy to occur.
This energy is known as
Activation
energy
without
catalyst
Pressure
Difference in pressure only affects the rates of reactions
involving gases.
When pressure increases, the rate of reaction will increase.
Effect of pressure