SCES3183

GENERAL BIOLOGY
MR. WONG SIEW JIEW
(I) ANGELIN LUAN
(II) DAVE GANI
(III)JACKLIN RAMLI
 IN THE MOUTH

The food is broken down into smaller particles by the

teeth and mixed with saliva from the salivary glands.
Saliva contains the enzyme salivary amylase which
converts starch into sugar.
Then the food passes through the oesophagus into the
stomach.
 FOOD DIGESTION
1. Digestion in the MOUTH

FOOD
Chewing by teeth in
Mouth
Triggers/cause Enzyme
Salivary glands
secrete
Starch + water Salivary amylase maltose
rolled into
bolus
enters the food (small molecules) through
aesophagus (by peristalsis)
Digestion in mouth
 IN THE STOMACH

The gastric glands produce gastric juice which contains

the enzyme pepsin, hydrochloric acid and mucous.
Pepsin breaks down proteins.
Hydrochloric acid makes the medium acidic and helps in
the action of pepsin.
Mucous protects the walls of the stomach from the action
of the acid.
Then the food passes into the small intestine.
 Digestion in Stomach
Gastric glands
secrete
Gastric juices

Enzyme - pH 1.5 2.0

HCl - Stops the xtvt of amylase
- Kill bact. In food
to active
Protein + water (1) Pepsin Polypeptides

Caseinogen + water (2) Rennin Casein

 THE UPPER PART OF THE SMALL INTESTINE

The food is mixed with bile(liquid) from liver and

pancreatic juice from the pancreas.
Bile breaks down fats into smaller globules.
Pancreatic juice contains the enzymes trypsin and lipase.
Trypsin breaks down proteins and lipase breaks down
fats.
 Digestion in duodenum
Pancreatic amylase
Starch + water maltose

trypsin
Polypeptide + water peptides

lipase
Lipid droplets + water glycerol + FA
 THE UPPER PART OF THE SMALL INTESTINE

The glands on the walls of the small intestine produces

intestinal juice.
The enzymes of the intestinal juice coverts carbohydrates
into glucose, fats into fatty acids and glycerol and proteins
into amino acids.
The walls of the small intestine has several finger like
projections called villi having blood vessels.
 Digestion in small intestine
Intestinal juice digestive enzymes
Function: digest the peptides & disaccharides ( Ma La S )
1) Protein digestion
erepsin
Peptides + water amino acids

2) Carbohydrates digestion ( Ma La S )

Maltose + water maltase glucose

Sucrose + water sucrase glu + fructose

Lactose + water lactase glu + galactose

2017.09.05