EML 3004C

CHAPTER ONE

General Principles

Namas Chandra Hibbler

Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-1
 EML 3004C

Statics, Dynamics and Mechanics of Materials

Statics deals with the state of rest or motion of bodies with

constant velocities F M 0
In dynamics, the bodies are allowed to accelerate. F M ma
Two Branches of static equilibrium
Statics
Mechanics of Materials
Statics
Equilibrium of Bodies-material independent,
uses only static equations
Mechanics of Materials F M 0
Relationship between the external loads, the
intensity of internal forces and its deformation
response
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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-2
 EML 3004C

Basic Concepts

Quantities Idealization

Length (location, position, Particle (neglect, size,

size) geometry)
Time (succession of events)
Rigid Body (all points
within remain in the same
Force (Push, Pull)
position, at fixed distances
from each other)
Mass (Properties of Matter)
ONLY THREE OF FOUR
Concentrated Force ( over
NEEDED (NEWTONS LAW) a very small area, zero)

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-3
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Physical Quantities

Physical Qualities

Mass, Volume

Force area

time length

distance, displacement

Density velocity

Temperature acceleration

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-4
 EML 3004C

Scalar and Vector Quantities

Scalar Quantities
Described by their magnitude, mass
(italic form) or lower case (a for A)
Vector Quantities
Described by a magnitude, a direction, and a point of
application
(Bold Face) in the book A,A
Bar or Arrow in handwritten work
Magnitude A or A (italic) or a = A
R

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-5
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Newtons Laws

Newtons First Law

A body at rest tends to remain at rest & a body in motion at a

constant velocity will tend to maintain the velocity.

Newtons Second Law

Change of motion is proportional to the moving force

impressed and takes place in the direction of the straight line
in which such force is impressed.

F ma

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-6
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Newtons Laws

Consequences of Newtons Third Law

When two bodies interact, a pair of equal and opposite

reaction forces will exist at their contact point.

This force pair will have the same magnitude and acts along
the same direction, but have opposite sense.

The mutual force of action and reaction between two bodies

are equal, opposite, and collinear.

Kg = mass=[m] Newton = Force=[F]

Slug= mass =[m] lbf = Force = [F]

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-7
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Gravitational Law

Gravitational Law
m1m2
F G 2
r
G = universal constant of gravitation
66.73 10 12 m3
kg s 2
m1,m2 = mass of each of the two particles
r= distance

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-8
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What is weight?

Weight
If m1 = mass of the particle
m2 = mass of the earth
r = distance of the particle to the earths center
W = weight of the particle

m1 m2
W G 2
if r

Gm2
g 2
r
W mg

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-9
 EML 3004C

Units

Units SI (International System of

Length, time, mass, force - Units)
basic quantities Meter (m)
Second (sec)
Kilogram (kg)
F ma Newton (N)

(Note: we use bars to denote forces or vectors)

kg m
Ex : mass = 1kg N 2
s
W mg
W = 9.81N
g 9.81 m s 2

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-10
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Conversion of Units

Conversion of Units

FPS SI
Force 1 lb = 4.4482 N
Mass 1 slug = 14.5938 kg
Length 1 ft = 0.3048 m

Ex:
2kN 1000 N 1lb 0.3048m
2 kN
m m 1kN 4.4482 N 1 ft

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-11
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CHAPTER ONE.. concludes

General Principles

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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-12