Population

Profiles
COUNTERPOINTS CH.
11
The Demographic Transition Model
Shows changes in populations birth and death rates and growth based
on technological development
Population Pyramids

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLmKfXwWQtE
Population Pyramids
https://www.populationpyramid.net/canada/1950/

Population Pyramid: a bar graph that shows

male and female populations back to back at
age intervals of five years

What patterns do you see between 1950

and today?

How might we explain these patterns?

What does this mean for the Millennials?
 Primitive/Pre-Industrial

Very high birth & death Short life expectancy

rates
Very low natural increase
 Early Expanding
https://www.populationpyramid.net/sudan/2015/

High birth & death rates

Short life expectancy
 Expanding
https://www.populationpyramid.net/india/2015/

Rapid increase in population Longer life expectancy

High birth rate Lowering death rate
 Stable
https://www.populationpyramid.net/germany/2015/

Stable population increase More elderly people

Declining birth and death rates
 Contracting
https://www.populationpyramid.net/russian-federation/2015/

Extremely low birth and death rates Longer life

Higher dependency ratio expectancy
 Global Population
https://www.populationpyramid.net/world/1955/

What observations can you make about global

population patterns?
Current World Population:
7, 531, 251, 911

China + India = 2.7

billion
36% of global population
 Population Control Methods

India China
1952 Family planning & rhythm method 1949 Population encouraged
1962 Small family campaign 1958-60 The Great Leap Forward
1970 Sterilization programs (failed) Agricultural land to collective farms
1975 Govt used coercion & rewards to promote male Famine and food shortage = pop. decline
sterilization
1970 Pop. 816 million, govt encouraged 2 children
Family with 3+ children refused schooling
1979 One-Child Policy with rewards
Govt workers threatened to be fired
Family with 2+ children refused schooling & fined
>8 million sterilizations
1980s/90s Pressure for sterilizations and abortions
1977 New govt reversed policies & introduced family welfare
Infanticide and abortions if first-born was female
Contraception, education, child-survival programs
Rural areas allowed 2nd child if first-born female or disabled
2000 National Population Policy to slow population growth
2002 Pop. 1.27 billion with gender imbalance
Female sterilization encouraged
Gender selection banned
2010 Total Fertility Rate at 2.5 down from 5.9 but population
continues increasing
2009 Shrinking labour force and aging population, still growing
 Discussion

China has 32 million more men

aged under 20 than women.

What types of social problems

may occur in China as a result of
the gender imbalance?
 Population Density

Population Density Population Area

(km)
What factors affect population
density? Brainstorm as many as you can.
Physical Human
Climate Govt policies
Landscape Disease
Resources Development
Water Culture
Accessibility Communication
Soil & Vegetation

Which factors apply best to Canada?

Global Overpopulation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QsBT5EQt348