BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS

FOR DISTRIBUTED LOAD

BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS
FOR DISTRIBUTED LOAD
P
a

z
R z

r
t
 BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS
Vertical stress at depth z, centerline of load



1
z 0 1
2 2
3

a
1 z

 BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS
Radial, tangential stress at depth z,
centerline of load



r t 0
1 2
1
1
2 1
2 2
3

a 2 2
a
1 21
z z
 BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS
Vertical strain at depth z, centerline of load

z z

z
1 0 a
1 2 a
1
E 3
1

z z
2 2 2 2

1 a 1

a

 BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS
Radial, tangential strain at depth z, centerline of
load

1
z E z z
2
r t
E
BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS
Deflection at depth z, centerline of load


1

dz
1 0 a 1


z
2 2

z
1 2 1
a
1

E a
1 z
2 2

a


BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS
Deflection at surface, distance r from
center of load (good for r>2a only)

d 0 r

P 1 2
rE
Deflection at surface, center of load
(flexible plate)

d0

2P 1 2
Ea
 ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
LAYER TRNSFORMATION

Ei 1 i 1
2
he fhi 3
2
Ei 1 1 i
he transformed layer thickness
f correction factor
- 0.9 for 2 layer system
- for multi-layer system - 1.0 for first interface
- 0.8 for all other interfaces

i layer number
ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEMS PROBLEM 1
Calculate the vertical stress (z) at
points A, B and C.
PROBLEM 1 - SOLUTION
11,200
Z 0" 0 102.07 psi
5.912


1
Z 6" 102.07 1 3
65.16 psi
5.91
2 2
1
6

1
Z 12" 102.07 1 3
28.38 psi
5.91 2
2
1
12
ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEM 2

Calculate the deflections (dz) at points

A, B and C.
 PROBLEM 2 - SOLUTIONS

2 11,200 1 0.452
d Z 0" 0.066"
14,500 5.91


1

d Z 6"
1 0.45102.07 5.91 1
1 2 0.45
2
2
1 6 6 0.045"
14,500 6 2 2
1
5.91 5.91


1
5.91

1

d Z 12"
1 0.45102.07 5.91 1
1 2 0.45
2
2
1 12 12 0.028"
14,500 12 2 2
1
5.91 5.91


1
5.91
 ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEM 3

Calculate the vertical strains (z) at

points A, B and C.
 PROBLEM 3 - SOLUTIONS

0 0

Z 0"
1 0.45102.07 5.91 1 2 0.45 5. 91 1 0.001
14,500
3
1


2 2

1 0 1 0
2 2

5.91

5 .91


6 6

Z 6"
1 0.45102.07 5.91 1 2 0.45 5 .91 1 0.004
14,500
3
1


2 2

1 6 1 6
2 2

5.91

5. 91


12 12

Z 12"
1 0.45102.07 5.91 1 2 0.45 5. 91 1 0.002
14,500
3
1


2 2

1 12 1 12
2 2

5.91

5.91
 ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEM 4

Convert layer 1 to an equivalent

thickness relative to layer 2.

E1=435,000 psi, h1=8, 10.35

E2=14,500 psi, h2= infinity, 10.35

 PROBLEM 4 - SOLUTION

435,000 1 0.35
2
he 0.9 83 22.37"
2
14,500 1 0.35
 ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEM 5

What is the total equivalent thickness of

layers 1 and 2 in terms of layers?

E1=435,000 psi, h1=3, 10.35

E2=43,500 psi, h2=12, 20.35

E3=14,500 psi, h3=infinity, 30.35

 PROBLEM 5 - SOLUTION

435,000 1 0.352
he1 1.0 33 6.46"
2
43,500 1 0.35

43,500 1 0.352
he 2 0.8 123 14.29"
2
14,500 1 0.45
he he1 he 2 6.46"14.29" 20.75"
 ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEM 6

Calculate the vertical strain (z) at the top of the

subgrade and the tangential strain (t) at the bottom
of the asphalt layer in the structure.
 PROBLEM 6- SOLUTION
9,200
0 83.84 psi
5.912

Equivalent thickness of asphalt

435,000 1 0.352
he1 1.0 63 14.8"
2
29,000 1 0.35

29,000 1 0.352
he 2 0.8 83 8.87"
2
10,900 1 0.35

he he1 he 2 14.8"8.87" 23.67"

 PROBLEM 6- SOLUTION (CONTD.)
Vertical strain at the top of the subgrade

23.67 23.67

Z 23.67"
1 0.35 83.84 5.91 1 2 0.35 5.91 1 0.0005
10,900
3
1


2 2 t

1 23 .67 1 23.67
2 2

5.91

5.91
 PROBLEM 6- SOLUTION (CONTD.)
Tangential strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer
First, vertical stress at the bottom of the asphalt layer
(considering the equivalent thickness of layer 1)


1
Z 14.8 83.84 1 3
16.68 psi
5.91
2 2
1
14.8
Second, vertical strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer

14.8 14.8

Z 6"
1 0.35 83.84 5.91 1 2 0.35 5. 91 1 0.0000415
29,000
3
1


2 2

1 14.8 1 14 .8
2 2

5.91

5 .91

 PROBLEM 6- SOLUTION (CONTD.)
Now, tangential strain at the bottom of the asphalt
layer

1 0.35
2 0.35 16.68 29,000 0.0000415 0.35 16.68
0.0000294
t
29,000
 ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEM 7

Calculate the load capacity of the above

pavement structure for permanent
deformation and cracking considering
following transfer functions.

N fp 10(36.310log( z )) Permanent deformation in the subgrade

log( t ) Fatigue cracking in the asphalt layer

17.4 1
3.4
N fc 10
 PROBLEM 7- SOLUTION

N fp 10(36.310log(0.0005)) 2.04 1069

log(0.0000294)
17.4 1
N fc 10 3.4
3.9 10 40
 ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEM 8

Will the above pavement structure most

likely fail due to cracking or rutting?
 ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEM 9

Assuming the pavement is not

constructed yet, what would you do to
the design if cracking was the problem?
 ODEMARK-BOUSSINESQ
PROBLEM 10

Assuming the pavement is not

constructed yet, what would you do to
the design if rutting was the problem?