MAINTENANCE

TRANSMISSION AND DIS

TRIBUTION
 CONTENTS 2

WHAT IS MAINTENACE

MAIN COMPONENT

DISTURBANCES OF TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION

MAINTENANCE OF EACH COMPONENTS

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 3

What is maintenance
Maintenance Is an activity necessary to maintain facilities in order to remai
n functioning properly and in a ready-to-use condition.

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The main purpose of maintenance

. Ensure the achievement of the level of safety and reliability of the equipment

To restore the level of security and reliability when damage occurs

To obtain important information for the improvement of the design if proven reliability is no
t sufficient

Expectaed to extend the life of the facilites

Answering the effects of facility damage on safety and environment and environment, main
tenance effect on output quality, cost efficiency, improve availability.

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 Main component 5

Based on installation, the transmission/distribution is divided into two categories, namely: air duct
(overhead line) is an electric power distribution system through the conducting wire which is suppor
ted on electric poles. While the underground conduits (underground cable) is channeling power thr
ough cables that are implanted in the ground.
Underground Conduits (Underground Lines) distribution channels that transmit electricity through c
ables that are planted in the ground. Categories of distribution channels such as this is a favorite fo
r installation in the city, because it is in the soil, so as not to disturb the beauty of the city and it is al
so not easy to make a disturbance due to weather conditions or natural condition.
distribution channels that transmit electricity through wires hung on insulator between the tower or
pole distribution. The advantage of the distribution channels is less expensive, easy-care, easy in kn
owing the location of the interference, easy fixes, and more.

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 Main component
transformer
A transformer is a device that tra
nsfer power between two or mor
e electrical circuits via electroma
gnetic induction
Switch yard
Switchyard is part of substation
wich serve as place of laying ma
in component of substation
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6
SUTET
Generally used in generation wit
h capacity above 500 MW.
The goal is that the drop voltage
and wire cross section can be re
duced optimally, so that the oper
ation is obtained effectively and
efficiently
 MAIN COMPONENT
SUTT
Operating voltage between 30 kV to 150 KV. Network
configuration is generally single or double circuit, wh
ere 1 circuit consists of 3 phases with 3 or 4 wires. U
sually only 3 wires and its neutral carrier is replaced
by the ground as a return channel.
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SUTM
Operating voltage between 6 KV to 20 KV. But gradua
ly the operating voltage of 6 KV is eliminated and cur
rently almost all use 20 KV operating voltage.
SUTM transmission is used in third tier network. The
distribution networks that connect from substation, f
eeder, sutm, distribution substation, to the utilization
installation.
 8
Disturbances of transmission and distribution

Disturbance On Tra Disturbance caused by lightning, broken or annotated wires. An example of sabotage is th
nsmission Line. e sawing tower so that the tower becomes collapsed

There are many causes of disturbances in the substation, such as transformers broken by overload or because o
Disturbance On Sub f old, leaky transformer oil, lightning strikes, translucent insulators, sparks or corona, high humidity, burning supp
station (GI). ort equipment and others.

Much of the interference experienced by Medium Voltage Network (JTM) such as tree fall
Disturbance At JTM. ing, exposed to bird or bat wings, sticky or sticky kite skeletons on tissue, fallen and tissue
TV mast, medium voltage fuse (fuse) break up, and so forth.

Disturbance On Dist Low voltage disturbances or frequent distributions such as unstable electric voltage, loose connection, wires dragged
by large cars such as trucks or buses, poles hit by cars, cables melt from overheating, crashing trees and so on.
ribution or JTR.

Home Channel Diso Disturbances that often occur in the form of unsupervised custody rise and fall of electric
rder (APP). power, KWH meter is damaged and MCB weak or damaged.

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 MAINTENANCE OF EACH COMP 9
ONENT
transformer

Switch Yard

SUTT

SUTET

SUTM
 Maintenane of transformer 1
0
Monthly basic maintenance of transformer

1.The oil level in oil cap under silica gel breather must be checked in one month interv
al. If it is found the transformer oil inside the cup comes below the specified level, oil t
o be top up as per specified level.
2.Breathing holes in silica gel breather should also be checked monthly and properly cl
eaned if required, for proper breathing action.
3.If the transformer has oil filled bushing the oil level of transformer oil inside the bus
hing must be vidually checked in the oil gage attached to those bushing. This action als
o to be done monthly basis.

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Maintenance of transformer 1
1
Daily basic maintenance and checking

Reading of MOG ( Magnetic oil gage) of main tank and onservator tank

Color of sillia gel in breather

Leakage of oil from any point of transformer

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 Maintenance of transformer 1
2
Yearly basis transformer maintenance schedule

1.The auto, remote, manual function of cooling system that means, oil pumps, air fans, and o
ther items engaged in cooling system of transformer, along with their control circuit to be ch
ecked in the interval of one year. In the case of trouble, investigate control circuit and physic
al condition of pumps and fans.
2.All the bushings of the transformer to be cleaned by soft cotton cloths yearly. During cleani
ng the bushing should be checked for cracking.
3.Mechanical inspection of Buchholz relays to be carried out on yearly basis.

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 Maintenance of switch yard 1
3

Typical inspection and diagnosis processes of the electrical switchyard maintenance includes, transformers, breake
rs, protection relays, wiring and switchgear in general.
Approach for maintenance in switchyard is to identify source of losses at the power transformer and auxiliary equip
ment which is usually the result of poor connections between the bus and line conductors, disconnect switches, circ
uit breakers, reclosers, and fuse cutouts.
There are at times poorly designed and/or deficient installations, and/or use of lengthy and undersized jumpers, us
e of non-appropriate connectors to ensure a solid connection, but the use of appropriate bimetal connectors results
in corrosion that eventually gives rise to a high power loss.
By cleaning surface of component from dust, checking connection, material ,size of a connector, fuse in switchyard i
t prevent and ensure the correct operation of all components.

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10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2 2
4
6
9
3
7
1
8
SUTT
90
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 2
4
6
9
3
7
1
8
SUTT is equipment can basically be damaged either due to incorrect
operation, errors during construction and has exceeded its working lif
e
Various kinds of maintenance that ever ha
ppened in SUTT network include 1
The replacement of the insulator broke or damaged it
s surface layer

Cleaning of the insulator due to pollution

3
Stable inspection of tower foundation (leveling, crack
ing)

4
Repair of towers deformed / bent due to the soil arou
nd the landslide foundation
 5

.Repair the spacer le from the conductor

6
Ground patrol, Climb up inspection, and Checking Grou
nd Prisoners

Repair of broken jumper wire clamps

8
Reinstall / reposition the damper melorod into the mid
dle of the goal
 MAINTENANCE OF SUTET 1
7

SUTET is an electrical power instalation above ground to distribution power electricity from central power station to
switchyard. Basically, this equipment can be damage either cause the operation, an error construction or beyond the
period of lifetime. Maintenance of SUTET includes:
1. Checking
2. Repair
3. Replacement
4. Testing

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Preventive maintenance
Preventive maintenance is an activity p
eriodly which maintain the condition of
the network to make sure that SUTET is
always in a good condition. Preventive
maintenance consist of :
Annual Maintenance
5 yearly maintenance
Corrective maintenance
Corrective maintenance is maintenanc
e due to equipment damage, or when th
e equipment needs to improvement. Co
rrective maintenance mostly cause the
equipment never had a preventive or ro
utin maintenance.
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1
8
Emergency maintenance
Emergency Maintenance is needed wh
en there are many things outside the pl
an such as floods, earthquakes, landsli
de, volcanic erruption, fires, was hit by
another vehicle, etc. This type of maint
enance was an emegency requiring im
mediate with extra handling. The cost o
f course cant be expected. In the categ
ory as indeed happened beyond human
control. The one solution is to install th
e tower emergency.
 1
Procedure maintenance of SUTT 9

The existence of reports from field officers or the pub Schedule work and approval
lic or the evaluation of incoming report data

Conduct Work Safety Analysis by reviewing the field Preparing work after approval

Discuss the results of the PPA and the follow-up plan Carry out the work and evaluate
required

Preparing: HR; equipment; working methods; substit Create a job sheet

ute material or other support and work organization

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 SUTM 2
0

The Medium Voltage Air Channel (SUTM) is the cheapest construction for power distrib
ution at the same power. This construction is used for consumers of Medium Voltage n
etwork used in Indonesia. The main feature of this network is the use of a naked condu
ctor that is supported with an insulator on a steel / concrete pole.

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EXCECUTING MAINTENANCE 2
1

1. Convince the SUTM is completely free of voltage by checking the problem using shackle stock TM, and when it is not
tensioning the system grounding and create photo documentation.
2. Cleaning SUTM from foreign body.
3. Fixed loose slasher, so that the slope 0.5 meter.
4. Checking jumper-jumper junction, if there is a loose tightened or replaced with joint non tension sleeve / compressio
n connector
5. Clean the dust and dirt attached to the insulator with TCE / 90% alcohol, and if there is a defect / damage do
6. Fixed the wire bond on the damaged insulator
7. Checking the grounding system of the arrester, the grounding instructions of the arrester, and the record in the check
list
8. Make sure no equipment is left on the SUTM, disconnect the grounding system and create a documentation photo

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THANK YOU FOR WATCHIN
G!
ANY QUESTIONS?

Jun Akizaki - http://thepopp.com

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