Li-Fi

Technology

Submitted By: Samreen Singh (207/14)

 Introduction
History
Present Scenario
Will switching to LiFi become necessary?
Comparison between Various Technologies
WiFi vs. LiFi
How LiFi works
LiFi Construction
Applications
Advantages and Disadvantages
Conclusion
 LiFi meaning Light-Fidelity, is a wireless optical networking technology
that uses Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and visible light communication
(VLC) for data transmission.

LiFi is designed to use LED light bulbs similar to those currently in use in
many energy-conscious homes and offices. These bulbs can also be used
for lighting purposes simultaneously.

LiFi promises to be cheaper and more energy-efficient than existing

wireless radio systems given the simplicity of LED bulbs and the fact that
lighting infrastructure is already in place.

LiFi data is transmitted by the LED bulbs and received by photoreceptors.

Although Li-Fi LEDs would have to be kept on to transmit data, they

could be dimmed to below human visibility while still emitting enough
light to carry data.
 Professor Harald Haas, from the University of Edinburgh in the UK,
is widely recognized as the original founder of LiFi.
He coined the term Li-Fi at his 2011 TED Global Talk in Edinburgh,
where he promoted this technology and helped start a company to
market it.
On 12th July,2011, he proved this technology and also demonstrated
it.

PROFESSOR HARALD HAAS

 Major organizations developing this technology

pureLiFi, based in Edinburgh whose co-founder is Professor Haas

himself, introduced the first LiFi dongle at Mobile World Congress
in 2016.

VLNComm is a US based company that has developed desk lamps

and LED panels with embedded LiFi capabilities.

In April 2014, the Russian company Stins Coman announced the

development of a Li-Fi wireless local network called BeamCaster.
Their current module transfers data at 1.25 gigabytes per second but
they foresee boosting speeds up to 5 GB/second in the near future.

And many more

 1.4 Million 5 Billion
Mobile phone transmits more than 600TB of data collectively.
Wireless communication has become a utility like electricity & water.
We use it in everyday life, in our private life, business life.
Currently, WiFi uses Radio waves for communication.

It is important to look into this technology which has

become fundamental part our life.
ISSUES WITH RADIO WAVES-:
Scarcity--We transmit wireless data through radio waves which are limited and
expensive. With the advent of newer technologies such as 2G, 3G, 4G and so on,
we are running out of the radio wave spectrum.

Efficiency--Efficiency of radio base stations is very less as massive amount of

energy is used extensively for cooling down the base stations and not for
transmission.

Availability--Availability of radio waves is also a big concern, for instance we

have to switch off our phones in airplanes, it is also not advisable to use mobiles at
petrol pumps etc.

SecurityRadio waves can penetrate through walls and they can be easily
intercepted.
 Gamma rays are simply very dangerous and thus cant be used for our
purpose of communication.
X-rays are good in hospital and cant be used either.
Ultra-violet rays are sometimes good for our skin but for long duration
it is dangerous.
Infrared rays are bad for our eyes and are therefore used at low power
levels.
So we are left with only Visible light spectrum.
COMPARISON BETWEEN VARIOUS TECHNOLOGIES
WIRED
Fire wire 800 Mbps
USB 3.0 5 Gbps
Thunderbolt 20 Gbps

WIRELESS (CURRENT)
Bluetooth 3 Mbps
IrDA 4 Mbps
WiFi 150 Mbps

WIRELESS (FUTURE)
Giga-IR 1 Gbps

Wi-Gig 2 Gbps
LiFi > 10 Gbps
 Li-Fi uses light waves instead of radio waves as carrier to transmit
information.

Instead of Wi-Fi modems, Li-Fi uses transceiver-fitted LED lamps

that can light a room as well as transmit and receive information.

WiFi is great for general wireless coverage within building whereas

Li Fi is ideal for high density wireless coverage in confined area.

WiFi operating frequency is 2.4 GHz whereas that of LiFi is

hundreds of Tera Hz.

Maximum data transfer speed for WiFi is 150 Mbps whereas

maximum speed for LiFi can be more than 10 Gbps
Li-Fi system basically uses two devices
TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER
The Transmitter or source LiFi device contains the following sub
assemblies-:
1. Bulb
2. A RF Power Amplifier(PA) circuit
3. A PCB
4. Enclosure
 FUNCTION OF THE BULB SUB ASSEMBLY

At the heart of LIFI is the bulb sub-assembly where a sealed

bulb is embedded in a dielectric material. The dielectric
material serves two purposes; first as a wave guide for the
RF energy transmitted by the PA and second as an electric
field concentrator that focuses energy in the bulb. The
energy from the electric field rapidly heats the material in
the bulb to a plasma state that emits light of high intensity
and full spectrum.
The Receiver LiFi device contains mainly two components-:
1. Pin Photo Diode- It is a diode with wide, lightly doped
semiconductor between p and n regions.
2. Image Sensors- These convert optical image into electronic signals.
 Airlines
 Undersea Awesomeness
 Traffic Signals
 Other Applications
You Might Just Live Longer
It could keep you informed and save lives (street lights)
Smarter power plants
 LiFi uses Visible light spectrum, hence no limitation
on capacity.
High data transmission rates of up to 10Gbps can be
achieved.
It provides privacy and security that Wi-Fi cannot.
Low implementation and maintenance costs.
It can be used in electro-sensitive areas.
LiFi has an upper hand due to parallel data
transmission.
 REMOTE CONTROL

DATA TRANSMISSION
VIA
LED
 Light can't pass through objects, therefore LiFi has short
range.

A major challenge facing Li-Fi is how the receiving device

will transmit back to transmitter.

High installation cost of the VLC systems.

Interferences from external light sources like sun, light,

normal bulbs, opaque materials.
 The possibilities are numerous and can be explored further.

If this technology can be put into practical use, every bulb can be
used something like a WiFi hotspot to transmit wireless data and we
will proceed toward the cleaner, greener, safer and brighter future.
The concept of LiFi is currently attracting a great deal of interest
because it offers a genuine and very efficient alternative to radio-
based wireless.
Achievement of reliable and high speed signal.
 www.studymafia.or
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