Chips

Spread Spectrum Code

(PN Code or Gold Code)
and orthogonal code
Pre-coded
data (bits) Symbols

SSC_I SSC_Q
OC 1 OC 1

I I
Data CRC FEC Inter-
Channel CRC FEC Inter- 1:2 Complex
Coding Coding leaving D/A 1:2 Complex
1 Coding Coding leaving D/A demux Multiplier
demux Multiplier
Q (I + jQ)
(I + jQ) Q Pulse I
Pulse
Shaping
Shaping
Filter
Filter I/Q RF
I/Q
Modulator Out
Modulator
SSC_I SSC_Q Pulse
Pulse
Shaping Q
OC n OC n
Linear
Linear
Shaping
Filter
Filter
I
Data CRC FEC Inter- I Summatio
Channel CRC
Coding
FEC
Coding
Inter-
leaving D/A 1:2
1:2
Summatio
N Coding Coding leaving D/A
demux
Complex
Complex nn
Multiplier
demux Multiplier
Q (I + jQ)
(I + jQ) Q

Allows for Allows for Improves Maps Contains Allows both

error error error Provides transmitted signals from 1:2
digital bits
detection in correctio correction 2x higher frequency Demux to share
to analog
the receiver n in the in the data rate spectrum the same RF
signals
receiver receiver (WCDMA, bandwidth
0 +1
cdma2000
1 -1 downlink)
 CDMA RAKE Receiver Architecture
Carrier
Frequency
Tracking
Loop
Rake Receiver Finger

cos(2fIFt) I PN
Code
bit rate =
(+1/-1)
chip rate / SF

D
I/Q Integrate De- Viterbi/ Decoded
BPF LPF
Demod
over
SF chips
Interleave
Data
Turbo
Decoder
Output
Bits
D
Orthogona
cos(2fRFt)
Q PN l
Code Code CRC
(+1/-1) (+1/-1) Verification

Timing
Correlator
Adj.
Error
Indication
Pilot
Orthogonal
Code
(all zeros)

Other Rake Receiver Finger

 GSM/GPRS Network Architecture

To other To To
BTSs other other
Um BSCs MSCs

AC EIR
Abis
Base Station A E
Subsystem
H F
(BSS) F
Um External Networks

Base Base Mobile PSTN

Transceiver Station Switching Gateway
Abis A E ISDN
Station Controller Center MSC
(BTS) (BSC) (MSC) Internet

...
B C
C B

Um Abis A
VLR HLR VLR

D D

G
To other To
BTSs other
BSCs

Packet External Data

Serving GPRS Gateway GPRS
GPRS Network Control Network
Support Node Support Node
Components Unit
(SGSN) (GGSN) IP / X.25
(PCU)
 UMTS WCDMA/UMTS Network Architecture
Terrestrial Radio Access Network
(UTRAN) Core Network
To
(CN) other
Uu MSCs
To other
RNCs

AC EIR
Iu
Radio Network E
Subsystem
H F
(RNS) F

Uu External Networks

Mobile PSTN
Node B RNC Switching Gateway
Iub Iu E ISDN
(BTS) Center MSC
(MSC) Internet

...
B C
C B

Uu Iu
VLR HLR VLR

Iur
D D

G
Iu

Uu

Serving GPRS Gateway GPRS External Data

Node B RNC Network
Iub Iu Support Node Support Node
(BTS) (SGSN) (GGSN) IP / X.25

GPRS Network
Uu Components
Iu

To other
RNCs
Logical Channels Transport Channels Physical Channels
(Layers 3+) (Layer 2) (Layer 1)
CPICH
Null Data S/P
Common Pilot Channel
Cch 256,0 Sdl,n Gain
Sync Codes(*)
BCCH BCH Data P-CCPCH(*) PSC
S/P
Broadcast Control Ch. Broadcast Ch. Encoding Primary Common Control Physical Ch.
Cch 256,1 Sdl,n

Gain

PCCH PCH Data GP

Paging Control Ch. Paging Ch. Encoding
SSCi SCH (Sync Channel)
S-CCPCH
Secondary Common Control S/P
CCCH
Physical Ch. GS
Common Control Ch. Cch Sdl,n Gain
FACH Data
CTCH Forward Access Ch. Encoding
Common Traffic Ch. DPCH (Dedicated Physical Channel)
CCTrCH One per UE
DCCH DCH Data
Dedicated Control Ch. Dedicated Ch. Encoding
Downlink
DTCH DCH Data RF Out
Dedicated Traffic Ch. 1 Dedicated Ch. Encoding M
DPDCH (one or more per UE)
U M
Dedicated Physical Data Ch.
X U
X
S/P
I+jQ I
Filter I/Q
DTCH DCH Data
Cch Sdl,n Gain
Filter
Modulator
Dedicated Traffic Ch. N Dedicated Ch. Encoding Q
DPCCH (one per UE)
Pilot, TPC, TFCI bits
Dedicated Physical Control Ch.
* Note regarding P-CCPCH and SCH
DSCH Data PDSCH
S/P
Downlink Shared Ch. Encoding Physical Downlink Shared Channel Sync Codes are transmitted only in bits 0-255 of
Cch Sdl,n Gain each timeslot;
AICH P-CCPCH transmits only during the remaining bits of
Access Indication data S/P each timeslot
(Acquisition Indicator Channel)
Cch Gain
Sdl,n
PICH
Paging Indication bits S/P
(Paging Indicator Channel )
Cch Sdl,n Gain
AP-AICH
Access Preamble Indication bits S/P
(Access Preamble Indicator Channel )
Cch Sdl,n Gain
CSICH
CPCH Status Indication bits S/P
(CPCH Status Indicator Channel )
Cch Sdl,n Gain
CD/CA-ICH
CPCH Status Indication bits S/P
(Collision Detection/Channel
Cch Sdl,n Gain
Assignment )
 WCDMA Uplink (FDD)

Logical Channels Transport Channels Physical Channels

(Layers 3+) (Layer 2) (Layer 1)
Chd Gd

CCCH RACH Data PRACH

Common Control Ch. Random Access Ch. Coding Physical Random Access Ch.

RACH Control Part

Chc Gc j
Chd Gd

DTCH (packet mode) CPCH Data PCPCH UE

Dedicated Traffic Ch. Common Packet Ch. Coding Physical Common Packet Ch. Scrambling
Uplink
Code
RF Out
PCPCH Control Part

I
I+jQ Filter
Chc Gc j I/Q
Filter
Mod.

Chd,1 Gd Q
CCTrCH DPDCH #1
Dedicated Physical Data Ch.
Chd,3 Gd
DCCH DCH Data
Dedicated Control Ch. Dedicated Ch. Encoding DPDCH #3 (optional)
Dedicated Physical Data Ch. I
Chd,5 Gd
DTCH DCH Data
DPDCH #5 (optional)
Dedicated Traffic Ch. 1 Dedicated Ch. Encoding M Dedicated Physical Data Ch.
U Chd,2 Gd
X DPDCH #2 (optional)
Dedicated Physical Data Ch.
Chd,4 Gd

DTCH DCH Data DPDCH #4 (optional)

Dedicated Traffic Ch. N Dedicated Ch. Encoding Dedicated Physical Data Ch.
Chd,6 Gd
DPDCH #6 (optional) Q
Dedicated Physical Data Ch.

Chc Gd j
DPCCH
Pilot, TPC, TFCI bits
Dedicated Physical Control Ch.