OBJECTIVES:

Know the basic concept of algebra

Differentiate variables and constants
Identify and Classify algebraic expression
which are polynomial according to degree
and number of terms
Algebra
 ALGEBRA

5+2=?
3+?=4
A branch of mathematics in which
arithmetic relations are generalized and
explored using letter symbols to represent
numbers, variable quantities, and other
mathematical entities.
A. What Is Algebra

Named in honor of Islamic mathematician Mohammed ibn

Musa al-Khowarizmi:

825 AD
Wrote book Hisb al-jabr wal muqubalah
(The Science of Reduction and Cancellation)
Book Al-jabr presented rules for solving equations.
 Definitions

Algebraic expression a group of

numbers, symbols, and variables
that express an operation or a
series of operations.
m+8
r3
 Examples:
n+5
Variable: n Constant: 5
2x + 3y -12
Variable: x and y Constant: -12
mn
Variable: m and n Constant: 0
 Variable

A variable represents the

unknown and it can use any
letter of the alphabet.
n+5
x7
w - 25
 Constant

Constant is a number. It has a one

fixed value.
Not Associated with the variable.
5m + 8
8 is the constant
r3
-3 is the constant
 Examples:
4xy + 12
Variable: x,y Constant: 12
A + 2b + c -14
Variable: a,b,c Constant: -14
5j + 2j
Variable: j Constant: 0
 EXAMPLES:

 Coefficient

A number or symbol multiplied

with a variable or an unknown
5m + 8
5 numerical coefficient
m literal coefficient
 EXAMPLES:

 EXAMPLES:

 Term
Separated by or +
2xy
Term is 1
6ab 3c + 4b 10
Term: 4
2x + 2y
Term: 2
 Evaluate Algebraic Expression
2m + 5, m = 3
 Definitions

Simplify Combine like terms

and complete all operations
m=2
m+8+m 2m+8
(2 x 2) + 8 4 + 8 = 12
 Words That Lead to Addition

Sum
More than
Increased
Plus
Altogether
Words That Lead to Subtraction

Decreased
Less
Difference
Minus
How many more
 Write Algebraic Expressions
for These Word Phrases

Ten more than a number n + 10

A number decrease by 5 w-5
6 less than a number x-6
A number increased by 8 n+8
The sum of a number & 9 n+9
4 more than a number y+4
 Write Algebraic Expressions
for These Word Phrases

A number s plus 2 s+2

A number decrease by 1 k-1
31 less than a number x - 31
A number b increased by 7 b+7
The sum of a number & 6 n+6
9 more than a number z+9
Evaluate each algebraic
expression when x = 10

x+8 18
x + 49 59
x+x 20
x-x 0
x-7 3
42 - x 32
Complete This Table

n n-3
5 2
10 7
21 18
32 29
Complete This Table

x x+6
5 11
10 16
21 27
32 38
 Write an Algebraic Expression
for These Situations

Scotts brother is 2 years younger than

Scott
s-2
The sum of two numbers is 12
v + c = 12
The difference between two numbers is 5
mn=5