Benign Tumors

Benign Tumors
 Benign Tumors

Cystic Tumors Of Vulva

Bartholins duct cyst
The most common large cyst of
vulva
Caused by inflammatory reaction
with scaring and occlusion, or by
trauma
Asymptomatic, abscess
Marsupialization, excision
Sebaceous cyst
The most common small cyst of
vulva
Resulting from inflammatory
blockage of sebaceous duct
Excision, heat, incision and
drainage
 Benign Tumors

Solid Tumors Of Vulva

Fibroma
The most common benign tumor
of vulva
Most commonly originate from
labium major
Pedunculated
Asymptomatic, pain, pressure
symptoms
Surgical removal
Lipoma
Circumscribed tumor of fat cells
Arising from the subcutaneous
tissue of vulva
Labium major
Excision
 Benign Tumors

Cystic Tumors Of Vagina

Inclusion cyst
The most common cyst of vagina
Posterior or lateral wall of the
lower third of vagina
Resulting from laceration or
episiotomy
Asymptomatic, pain, dyspareunia
excision
Gartners duct cyst
Anteriolateral aspect of upper
vagina
Remain of the mesonephric duct
Asymptomatic, pain, dyspareunia
excision
 Benign Tumors

Solid Tumors Of Vagina

Fibroma
Arising from
connective tissue and
smooth muscle
Dyspareunia
Excision
 Benign Tumors

Cystic Tumors Of Cervix

Nabothian cyst
(Retention cyst)
Obstruction of the
mouth of endocervical
gland
Caused by squamous
metaplasia
Asymptomatic
No treatment is
necessary
 Benign Tumors

Solid Tumors Of Cervix

Polyps
The most common lesions of
cervix
Arising from the endocervix
Aymptomatic, bleeding (contact
bleeding)
Excision, curettage
Cervical myoma
Smooth, firm mass
Pressure symptoms (dysuria,
urgency,)
Dyspareunia
Myomectomy, hysterectomy
 Benign Tumors

Endometrial Polyps
Sessile or pedunculated
projection of endometrium
Localized overgrowth of
endometrial glands and stroma
Single or multiple, most polyps
arise from fundus
Asymtomatic, bleeding
Tip may be necrotic and
inflamed or squamous
metaplasia
Removed by curettage or via
hysteroscopy
 Benign Tumors

Uterine Leiomyoma
- General Consideration
Tumor of myometrium
Well-circumscribed, noncapsulated
Smooth muscle and fibrous
connective tissue
Myoma, fibromyoma, fibroma,
fibroid
The most common pelvic tumor
Intramural, submucous, subserous,
parasitic, intraligamentous
 Benign Tumors

Uterine Leiomyoma
- Degeneration
Resulting from alteration
in the blood supply of
myoma
Hyaline, myxomatous,
calcific, cystic, fatty, red
or carneous, necrotic,
sarcomatous
May produce symptoms
and signs that require
treatment
May be confused with
sarcoma
 Benign Tumors

Uterine Leiomyoma
- Symptoms
Abnormal uterine bleeding
Excess or prolonged menses, spotting
Pressure
On bladder: urinary frequency, urgency
On rectum: constipation
On ureter: hydroureter, hydronephrosis
Pain
Dysmenorrhea,
Pelvic heaviness or bearing down
 Benign Tumors

Uterine Leiomyoma
- Myoma In Pregnancy
Infertility, abortion,
preterm labor, preterm
rupture of membrane
Red degeneration,
increased pressure
symptoms
Fetal malpresentation,
mechanical dystocia
Diminished uterine
contractility, postpartum
hemorrhage
 Benign Tumors

Uterine Leiomyoma
- Diagnosis And Treatment
Diagnosis
Pelvic examination
Ultrasonography
Treatment
Observation
Asymptomatic, small, postmenopausal
Medical
Symptoms treatment
Reduce estrogen level
GnRH analogues
Surgery
Myomectomy, hysterectomy
Age, parity, future reproductive plans
Tumor embolization, RF, FUS
 Benign Tumors

Functional Ovarian Cyst

Follicular cyst
Mature or atretic follicles that become
distended with fluid
Failure of ovulation with continued
growth of the follicle
Hyperstimulation from exogenous
gonadotropins used to induce ovulation
Asymptomatic, rupture or hemorrhage
Observation, puncture, excision
Corpus luteum cyst
A result of either unusual continued
growth or of hemorrhage into the
luteum
Torsion, rupture or hemorrhage
It can simulate ectopic pregnancy
excision
 Benign Tumors

Endometrioma Of Ovary
Small, superficial
blue-black implants
Large hemorrhagic
cyst (chocolate cyst)
Pelvic pain,
dyspareunia, infertility
Medical or surgical
treatment
 Benign Tumors

Epithelial Tumor Of Ovary

Serous cystadenoma
15-25% of all benign ovarian tumor
20-50 years old
Bilateral in 12-50%
5-15cm
Clear, yellow fluid
No specific symptoms
surgery
Mucinous cystadenoma
16-30% of all benign ovarian tumor
Bilateral in 5-7%
Endocervical type, intestinal type
15-30cm
Sticky, slimy, or viscid material
surgery
 Benign Tumors

Gonadal Stromal Tumor Of Ovary

Granulosa cell tumor
Menometrorrhagia,
postmenopausal bleeding
TAH+BSO
Thecoma
Unilateral, encapsulated
Postmenopausal bleeding
TAH+BSO
 Benign Tumors

Germ Cell Tumor Of Ovary

Benign cystic teratoma (mature
teratoma, dermoid cyst)
Any combination of well-
differentiated ectodermal,
mesodermal and endodermal
elements
Bilateral in 10-15%, 5-10cm
Skin and skin appendages,
sebaceous glands, sweat glands,
hair follicles, muscle fibers,
cartilage, bone, teeth, respiratory
epithelium, gastrointestinal
epithelium
50% asymptomatic
Torsion, rupture, hemorrhage,
malignant transformation
 Benign Tumors

Connective Tissue Tumor Of

Ovary
Fibroma
Middle age, bilateral in
2-10%, 6cm
Firm, hard, smooth
tumor
Meigs syndrome
Fibroma
Ascites
Hydrothorax
Excision or TAH+BSO