Mr. Karl Irvin M.

Baguio, RN, LPT

 All states in the world have debts. These
debts may be classified into external or
public. Philippines is one debtor.

In 2013, the external debt of the Philippines

dropped from more or less USD 70 billion to
USD 67 billion. However, In 2014 up to early
2016, the countrys external debt once again
rose and even reached almost USD 78 billion
(World Bank, 2013;2016).
 The question is, where did the Philippines get
all that debt? Who lends to the states, not just
to the Philippines alone, that huge amount of
money?

Since there are a large number of states in

the world, some force/s are needed to link
these states together. These institutions
participate in international relations without
needing to belong to an established
institution or state. These entities are called
non-state institutions.
 The World Bank and the International Monetary
Fund, which provide the different sates monetary
loans, are example of non-state institutions.
Aside from banks, multinational corporations,
and trade unions, there are other groups of non-
state institutions that play key roles in societal
formation. They are the international and
transitional organizations.

International organizations are institutions that

aim to unite different states toward a common
good.

Transitional organization Institutions that

transcends boundaries and states to bring
together people and groups of different culture
for a specific goal.
 Perhaps one of the most influential groups of
non-state institutions is the development
agencies. These are organizations which
provide development assistance between
national and international institutions.
Usually, these are the links that bind different
states together.
 In 1945, the international organizations United
Nations (UN) was established to rebuild peace
after WWII. The war brought forth the birth of
non state institutions that link nations together.
Currently UN composed of 193 member states,
the UN takes action on issues confronting
humanity, such as peace and security, climate
change, sustainable development, human rights,
disarmament, terrorism, humanitarian and health
emergencies, gender equality, governance, food
production and more. The Philippines is one of
the first 55 states to become ,a member of the
organization in 1945.
 Through General Assembly, a forum or dialog
among the members of the state, the UN gives its
members the freedom to express their concerns
and view regarding all sorts of issues that affect
them.
The UN is the primary common ground and
governing body of most sovereign states in the
world, and is comprised of more than 40
specialized agencies and programmes. The most
powerful non state institutions in the world
exist under or with the help of its command.
Programmes are financed through voluntary
distributions. Specialized agencies run
independently, funded by both voluntary and
assessed contributions. Development agencies
under UN.
 The UNESCO is a specialized agency of the UN for the
purpose of promoting peace and security through
international partnership in education, science, culture so
that there will be a world with justice, rule of law, human
rights among others.
The UNESCO firmly believes that peace must be
established on the basis of humanitys moral and
intellectual solidarity.

Five major programs of UNESCO :

Education
Natural sciences
Social and human sciences
Culture
Communications and information
 The UNDP is the United Nations development
agency that aims to eradicate poverty and to
reduce inequalities and social exclusion in the
developing countries.

UNDP focused on helping countries build and

share effective solutions in three areas:
Sustainable development
Democratic governance
Climate and disaster resilience
 THE UNICEF is an intergovernmental
organization that provides humanitarian and
developmental assistance and support to
young people in developing countries. It was
founded December 11, 1946 by the UN
General Assembly to provide emergency
needs like food and healthcare to the children
who were drastically affected by WWII.
 What is the significance of WB and IMF to the
different states of the world? Do you think a
state can survive without joining the said
institutions?