Entrepreneurship MEunit5 New

ENTREPRENEUR
T2: 1,3,6,7
R2:1,2
MODULE 3
10/1/2017 1
Introduction
With increasing business opportunities and
facilitating business environment, scope for New Venture
Creation increases.
Service sector is contributing a much higher percentage
to the GDP in most of the developed and developing
countries.
In the current technology driven era, access to data /
information has become easy, thus increasing awareness
levels and aspiration levels of individuals considerably.
Thus growing business opportunities on one side and well
informed and motivated individuals on the other side will
be the right mix for creating more and more
enterprises.
10/1/2017 2
Definition
Entrepreneurship is neither a science, nor

an art; it is a practice.
Every practice has an underlying
theory behind it, whether the practioner
is aware of it or not.
The theory behind entrepreneurship is
Society and Economics.

Prof. Peter Drucker
10/1/2017 3
Definitions .Contd.
It is a process of creation of
wealth (ethically) for one or more
persons, using ones (teams)
competence / skill-set
through creation of an enterprise after
evaluating market opportunities along

with the risks involved.
10/1/2017 4
Definitions .Contd.
The word entrepreneur is derived from
the French verb entreprendre, which
means to undertake.
This means those who undertook
the risk of new enterprise. Hence,
the process of creating a new
enterprise can also be called as
Entrepreneurship and the persons who
creates it an Entrepreneur.
10/1/2017 5
Definitions .Contd.
Entrepreneur is the one who innovates, and introduces something

new in the economy. . Joseph Schumpeter
He shifts economic resources out of an area of lower and into an area
of higher productivity and greater yield. .. J.B.Say (French Economist)
He searches for change, responds to it and exploits opportunities.
Innovation is the specific tool of an entrepreneur. Prof.Peter F.Drucker
He is a critical factor in economic development and integral part of
economic transformation. William Diamond
He is a person who is able to look at the environment, identify
opportunities To improve environment, marshall resources, and
implement action to maximise those opportunities.
. Robert E. Nelson
He is an agent who buys means of production at a certain price in order to
combine them into a product that is going to sell at prices that are certain
at the moment
10/1/2017 at which he commits himself to his costs. Cantillon 6
Basic Concept of Entrepreneurship
Environ-
ment Entrepreneur(s) Mind
Enterprise
Entrepreneurship
Process
Customer Market
Satisfaction
10/1/2017 7
Basic Concept of Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship covers mainly 3 aspects
Entrepreneur
Environment
Enterprise created.
With a facilitating environment and growing

market opportunities, the entrepreneurial
capacity of the social system is bound to
expand.
10/1/2017 8
Why some one likes to
become an entrepreneur?
10/1/2017 9
Why some one likes to become an
entrepreneur?
Being own boss and boss other people
Put ones ideas to practice
Creating wealth for oneself as well as for

others
Provide employment
One can be creative and innovative
One can choose the field / area of work
Opportunity to build high value for oneself
These are just a few reasons..

10/1/2017 10
Characteristics of an entrepreneur
1. Action oriented, highly motivated and ready to
take risk at all levels to achieve the goal
2. Unwavering determination and commitment
3. Creativeness and result oriented, hard working
4. Accepts responsibilities with enthusiasm
5. Self confident, dedicated and self disciplined
6. Both thinker and doer, planner and worker
7. Future vision, intelligent, imaginative and self-
directed
10/1/2017 11
Qualities of an entrepreneur
Success and achievement
Risk bearer
Opportunity explorer
Planner
Stress taker
Facing uncertainties
Independent
Flexible
Self-confident
Motivator
10/1/2017 12
Functions of an Entrepreneur
The functions of an entrepreneur can be best explained by

Eight Essentials of Entrepreneurship (3Es) as propounded
by Babson College for Entrepreneurship, which is a pioneer
in Entrepreneurship Research and education. The 3Es are
Opportunity recognition, assessment and shaping
Creative Resource marshalling
Entrepreneurial Mind
The E-Team and a Team Locus of Control
Extended Enterprise Management
Creativity
Communication
Leadership
10/1/2017 13
Functions of an Entrepreneur ..Contd.
1.Opportunity Recognition, Assessment and Shaping

Recognizing the right market opportunity with
respect to ones competency / skill-set is critical for

the success of any enterprise.
It is also important to assess the opportunity with
respect to existing competition, life-span of the
proposed product/ service and develop the
business idea into a feasible Business Plan
10/1/2017 14
2.Creative Resource marshaling

Acquiring resources (4Ms) in a creative manner is
very important to ensure optimum cost of
establishment of the enterprise. This would call
for networking, being aware of various of
policies and programme of Govt., ability to
evaluate and make decisions.
10/1/2017 15
3. Entrepreneurial Mind
While most of the successful entrepreneurs
have certain traits (discussed later), one
must be passionate about his / her business.
It has to be 24x7 situation at least during the
set-up phase of the business which could be
anywhere between 1-3 years (without
expecting any great ROI / Salary).
10/1/2017 16
4.The E-Team and a Team Locus of Control
Depending on the type and size envisaged for
the enterprise,
it is very important to develop the right
team that would create synergy and cover all
the major managerial functions.
It is also important to decide, who will do what,
to enable smooth decision-making.
Trust and confidence in each others

professionalism and competence are very
important for the smooth functioning of the
enterprise.
10/1/2017 17
5.Extended Enterprise Management

Other than managing the enterprise, it is
very important that the entrepreneur is
aware liasoning with
govt. officials,
industry associations and society which
would come handy in successfully

managing the business.
10/1/2017 18
6. Creativity
It is very important that entrepreneur is
creative enough to ensure
differentiation in the market place. With
increased competition, it is creativity /
innovation is the key tool which
differentiates good entrepreneurs from the
also-ran ones.
10/1/2017 19
7. Communication
It is very important that the entrepreneur is
a good communicator (in all types),
though this is also equally important for
managers.
Being emotionally stable under all
situations will enable good communication.
10/1/2017 20
8. Leadership
Apart from being a good leader, it is very
important on the part of the
entrepreneur to build leadership
qualities in his sub-ordinates so that he
can do more creative / higher level
jobs.
10/1/2017 21
Characteristics of Successful
Entrepreneurs
Some of the common characteristics that
most of the successful entrepreneurs
possess are:
1.Creativity 7. Problem Solving
2.Innovation 8. Goal orientation
3.Dynamism 9.Risk Taking and
4.Leadership Decision Making
5.Team Building ability
6.Achievement Motivation10. Commitment
10/1/2017 22
Entrepreneurs ..Contd.
1. Creativity
Creativity is the ability to bring something new into
existence. Ideas evolve through creative process
which involves 5 stages before it becomes an activity.
a. Germination - Seeding Process
b. Preparation - Conscious search for alternatives
c. Incubation Intellect assuming conscious control
d. Illumination Idea resurfaces as realistic creation
e. Verification Verifying in terms of usefulness and
feasibility to take it up as an activity
10/1/2017 23
2. Innovation
Innovation is key tool of entrepreneurs. It
is an act that endows resources with a
new capacity to create wealth.
Successful entrepreneurs, whatever be
their motives - money, power, curiosity
or status, try to create value and to
make contribution.
10/1/2017 24
3. Dynamism
Innovation together with dynamism
constitutes potential combination for
prosperity. Dynamism revises the target
of the enterprise time and again. A
dynamic entrepreneur is always
pragmatic. It is important to create
win-win situation.
10/1/2017 25
4. Leadership
Leadership qualities will enable a person to
stand apart in whatever profession he/she
might be in. Some of the areas in which leader
distinguish themselves are:
a. Communication
b. Handling of Crisis situation / problems
c. Generating resources
d. Building relationships and utilizing networks
10/1/2017 26
5. Team Building
An entrepreneur should have ability to
build a team. A team is a group of
individuals with a common purpose,
that is focused and aligned to achieve a
specific task. A good team will be able
to share knowledge, core competency
and goals.
10/1/2017 27
6. Achievement Motivation
Entrepreneurs normally have high need for achievement
motivation and are guided by their inner self, motivating
their behaviour towards accomplishment. The concept
of achievement motive has 5 components
a. Expressing oneself through work
b. Creating something new
c. Achieving targets and standards
d. Developing ones capability for these
e. An ability and willingness to forego some amount of
financial security
10/1/2017 28
7. Problem Solving
Entrepreneurs normally solve the problems and
normally do not avoid. A formal problem-solving
model is
a. Define the problem
b. Gather information
c. Identify various solutions
d. Evaluate alternatives
e. Take action
f. Evaluate the action taken
10/1/2017 29
8. Goal Orientation
Goal setting is achievement of targets
and objectives for the successful
performance of an entrepreneurs, both
long term and short term. It helps to
measure how well the individuals and
groups are meeting the performance
standards.
10/1/2017 30
9. Risk taking and Decision-making ability

Entrepreneurs have to make decisions under
conditions of uncertainty and therefore, are
ready to bear risk, but never gamble with
results. A good entrepreneur normally avoids
excessively high or low risk situations.
10/1/2017 31
10. Commitment
One of the subtle qualities of an
entrepreneur is his / her will power.
Strong determination with sound thinking
fortifies the power. It is this
determination that makes the
entrepreneur work for 7X24 around the
year.
10/1/2017 32
Types of entrepreneurs
According to
Type of business
Use of technology
Motivation
Growth
Stages of development
Area
Age and gender
Scale of operation
others
10/1/2017 33
Type of business
Business entrepreneur
Trading
Industrial
Corporate
Agricultural
Retail
service
10/1/2017 34
Use of technology
Technical/nontechnical
Professional
Low tech/high tech
10/1/2017 35
Motivation
Pure entrepreneur
Induced entrepreneur
Motivated entrepreneur
Spontaneous entrepreneur
10/1/2017 36
Growth
Growth entrepreneur
Super growth entrepreneur
10/1/2017 37
Stages of development
First generation entrepreneurs
Modern entrepreneurs
Classical entrepreneurs
10/1/2017 38
Area
Urban entrepreneurs
Rural entrepreneurs
10/1/2017 39
Age and gender
Young entrepreneur
Old entrepreneur
Male entrepreneur
Female entrepreneur
10/1/2017 40
Scale of operation
Small scale entrepreneur
Medium scale entrepreneur
Large entrepreneur
10/1/2017 41
Others
Professional and non professional
entrepreneur
Traditional entrepreneur
Skilled and non skilled entrepreneur
Forced entrepreneur
Inherited entrepreneur
National and international entrepreneur
10/1/2017 42
Intrapreneurship
As the companies become big, the working becomes more
mechanized and rules driven.
Hence, bigger the organization, lesser will be scope for
innovation.
Managers who possess qualities of entrepreneurs are
encouraged by corporate to initiate new programmes /
projects which may later develop into a new product /
service that could be commercialized.
This process of creating entrepreneurs inside the
organization is known as intrapreneurship.
However, in this model the entrepreneurial
manager is free from financial risks.
10/1/2017 43
Elements of Intrapreneurship
New business venturing

New business within the organization
Innovations
New product, improvement, methodology
Self-renewal
Renewal of main ideas
Proactiveness
Initiative, risk taking, dashing (spirit),
competitiveness
10/1/2017 44
Entrepreneur Vs Professional Manager
Parameter Entrepreneurial Managerial

Mind Mind
1.Goals/Objectives Set by self Set by others
2.Empowerment Free to think / decide hierarchical
3.Driving force Means driven Goals driven
4.Orientation Creativity Efficiency
5. Mindset Doing something new Doing right
things
10/1/2017 45
Concept of entrepreneurship
It is a process undertaken by an entrepreneur
to augment his business interests
entrepreneurship is the attempt to create value
through recognition of business opportunity, the
management of risk taking appropriate to the
opportunity and through the communicative and
management skills to mobilize human, financial
and material resources necessary to bring a
project to fruition
10/1/2017 46
Entrepreneurship - Importance
Key to Economic Development
Key to New Product / Process development
Many innovations have completely changed
the way even we think !
Market opportunities and entrepreneurship
are co-related (assuming there is a facilitating
environment)
10/1/2017 47
Nature of Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship is the process of establishing an
enterprise and the core entrepreneurial competencies are:
1. Initiative
2. Perceiving opportunities
3. Persistence
4. Information gathering
5. Concern for Quality
6. Commitment
7. Efficiency orientation
8. Planning
9. Problem solving
10. Self confidence
10/1/2017 48
Nature of Entrepreneurship
11. Expertise
12. Persuasion
13. Use of Influence Strategies
14. Assertiveness
15. Monitoring
16. Credibility
17. Concern for employees Welfare
18. Impersonal Relationship
19. Expansion of Capital base
20. Building Brand equity
10/1/2017 49
Characteristics of entrepreneurship
1. Innovation
2. Risk-taking
3. Skillful management
4. Organization
5. Decision making
6. Making the enterprise a success
10/1/2017 50
Evolution of Entrepreneurship
Early period
Middle ages
17th century
18th and 19th century
20th century
10/1/2017 51
Early period:
An early example of entrepreneurship is known to be
the example of Marco polo who tried to trade routes
to the far east.
He used to sign a contract with a venture capitalists
to sell his goods.
The capitalist was the risk bearer, the merchant-
adventure took the role of trading, bearing all
physical and other risks.
The profit were shared by the capitalist and merchant
10/1/2017 52
Denis Papin, a French Physicist around 1680
designed Steam Engine.
However, only in 1712, Thomas Newcomen
put the first working Steam engine into an
English coal mine.
This made possible coal to be mined. Thus
began first surge of entrepreneurship
during 2nd half of 17th Century. Thereafter for
nearly 250 years model of technology was
Mechanical.
10/1/2017 53
Evolution of Entrepreneurship Contd.
What we commonly call as Industrial revolution
beginning in the middle of 18th Century triggered the
second surge of entrepreneurship. With already
evolving mechanical technology, processes were
mechanised.
Around this economists also started studying
parameters like efficiency, productivity which had
direct impact on profitability. Around the same time
experiments were also conducted on time-motion
studies which gave rise to principles of
management.
10/1/2017 54
During early 18th century, with the development of
first Oceangoing freighter that could carry heavy
pay-loads over large distances, a sort of
Commercial revolution set in resulting in
tremendous expansion of trade.
During 1870, the third entrepreneurial surge
was triggered by the new industries that turned
out products like
telephone,
steel,
chemicals, automobiles, pharmaceuticals, etc.,

10/1/2017 55
Though around 1946, the information age

began with the first computer being built, it
was in early 1970s with the invention of
Microchips and subsequently Personal
computers, a great entrepreneurial surge, the
fourth one, began in USA. This spread very
fast to most of the developing non-
communists nations in 10 15 years.
10/1/2017 56
Since the later part of 17th century, nearly for

250 years Mechanical technology was the
organising principle of production. However,
with advent of computer in 1946,
information became the organising
principle of production.
Since, information knows no national
boundaries, the development was much
faster in the last few decades.
10/1/2017 57
Along with every surge of entrepreneurship, research

work was also being carried out by academics,
initially from the point of economics.
Subsequent studies on entrepreneurship were based on
the entrepreneur himself psychological frame-work,
traits, motives, creative skills, personality factors,
etc., as well as on issues like strategies, innovation,
etc.
Studies were also done from the point of culture,
religion to understand their influence on success/
failure of enterprises.
10/1/2017 58
Development of Entrepreneurship
Studies indicate that in most of the economies,
more than 75% of the employment is
provided by Small and Medium businesses.
Governments hence, understood the need to
promote entrepreneurship to bring about
regional parity in terms of development and
creating employment based on the local
resources, as it can not provide employment
for everyone.
10/1/2017 59
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), is a

research project initiated in 1999 by the
London School of Business and Babson
College of Entrepreneurship, USA to assess
the levels of entrepreneurial activity prevalent
in different nations and linking them to
National Frame-work conditions on one hand
and projected economic growth on the other.
10/1/2017 60
10/1/2017 61
..Contd.
Fig. 1 indicates the generalized relationship among 3

sets of variables
Projected Economic Growth
Level of Entrepreneurial Activity
Entrepreneurial Frame-work conditions.
The model implies two causal relationships-
1. Entrepreneurship drives economic growth
2. Socio-cultural, Political and Economic conditions of the
nation influence entrepreneurial activity.
10/1/2017 62
..Contd.
There are several parameters which

decide the quality of Environment that
would promote entrepreneurship.
They could be classified under 2
categories
1. General National Frame-work Conditions
2. Entrepreneurial Frame-work conditions
10/1/2017 63
..Contd.
General Frame-work Conditions

1. Openess (External trade)
2. Government (Extent Role)
3. Financial Markets (Efficiency)
4. Technology, R & D (Level, intensity)
5. Infrastructure (Efficiency)
6. Management (Skills)
7. Labour Markets (Flexibility)
8. Institutions (Unbiased Rule of Law)
10/1/2017 64
..Contd.
Entrepreneurial Frame-work Conditions

1.Financial Support 2. Govt. Policies
3. Govt. Programs 4. Education & Training
5. R & D Transfer 6. Commercial and
7. Market Openness Professional infrastructure
(Ease of entry) 8. Physical infrastructure
9. Cultural Norms 10. Social status and Esteem
11. Opportunities for 12. Entrepreneurial Capacity
New Venture Creation
13. I.P.R 14. Facilitation for Women entrepreneurs
10/1/2017 65
..Contd.
As societies (and their economies) evolve,
opportunities are thrown up for new
firms to replace old ones whose
efficiency and ability to meet
consumers needs have declined.
When capable and motivated individuals

(teams) perceive these opportunities,
the outcome is entrepreneurial
activity.
10/1/2017 66
..Contd.
The process of new firms being created to replace

the older ones is inevitable. Creative destruction
is Business Churning which can be observed in
all economies.
Existing firms, however keep looking at newer
markets / new products / new technology for
survival and growth.
10/1/2017 67
Stages in Entrepreneurial Process
Identification of an opportunity
Evaluation of the opportunity
Preparation of the business plan
Determination and organizing the resources
Management of the enterprise
10/1/2017 68
Evaluation of the opportunity:

Description of the product or service
Agreement opportunity
Assessment of the entrepreneur and his team
Resources needed
Amount and source of capital needed
Rewards and profit expected
10/1/2017 69
Preparation of the business plan

Title of the project, table of contents and
executive summary
Description of business and industry
Technology plan
Financial plan
Organizational plan
Production and operation plan
Marketing and distribution plan
Summary of plan
10/1/2017 70
Role of Entrepreneurs in
Economic Development
Entrepreneurs contribute to economic development

of a nation both directly and indirectly.
Direct contribution is through payment of all types

of Statutory duties and taxes.
By providing employment they are providing

economic empowerment to individuals, which in
turn contributes to economic growth.
10/1/2017 71
Role of Entrepreneurs in
Economic Development
By providing necessary training and enhancing skills
of the employees, they are creating potential
entrepreneurs.
Successful entrepreneurs also become Role models

in society to inspire more motivated individuals to
become entrepreneurs
Entrepreneurs also directly or indirectly participate

in the improvement of society, in the areas of
education, health, character building, fine-arts,
etc.
10/1/2017 72
Entrepreneurship in India
Till middle of 19th Century, India was one of the
top exporting countries in the world!
Indian entrepreneurs (mainly traders) had gone
to different parts of the world
Middle-east, Far-east, Africa, Pacific islands, West-
Indies.
With traders from other countries visiting
India since 16th century, trade between
India and other countries flourished.
10/1/2017 73
Entrepreneurship in India ..Contd.
India had a long tradition of highly skilled
craftsman and skill based small and tiny
industries, which were known world over for
their quality products.
For example, India had a long tradition of trading and
certain communities like
Marwari community of Rajasthan,
Parsi Community of Gujarat,
Sindhi community of Sind (now in Pakistan),
Setty community in Andhra,
Chattier community in Tamilnadu have been involved in

trading for over centuries.
10/1/2017 74
Though Indian entrepreneurial expertise brought British,
French, Dutch and Portuguese traders to India, with the
British establishing governance in most parts of India,
British India saw decline of Indian Entrepreneurship side-
lined by British-made goods.
End of World-war II marked a boom period when a large
number of Skilled and Semi-skilled workers started small
production units, borrowing money from Money-lenders,
kin-groups, banks and alike.
At the time of independence of India (1947), only 18
families were owning most of the big manufacturing
activities in India other few of the foreign companies and
Government!
10/1/2017 75
Post-independence initiatives
Our country embarked on a planned economic
development with emphasis on rapid
industrialization of the economy.
The 1956 Industrial Policy Resolution mentioned 4
factors in favor of Small-scale industries
Employment,
equity,
latent resources and
decentralization.
It was planned to develop lot of small units along with

large units. A number of institutional mechanisms
were created to promote industrialization at the tiny,
small and medium levels
10/1/2017 76
Post-independence initiatives
In the late 1960s, it was seen that this policy had
not resolved income and regional disparities
and therefore, the emphasis got shifted to
industrial promotion in relatively backward
districts / States.
Along with this Govt. also developed several
programmes to promote entrepreneurship
through institutional mechanisms.
10/1/2017 77
Developing individuals as Entrepreneurs

Several initiatives were launched in 1970s like Small
Industries Extension Training (SIET) for stimulating
entrepreneurship in graduates, Public Sector Banks were
told to allocate 20% of their lending to SSIs,
Technical and Consultancy institutions were
established at individual State levels.
Specialised institutions like National Institute for
Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development
(NIESBUD) for doing research in the area of SSI,
Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDII) to
develop programmes for entrepreneurial skills
development were established in the early 1980s.
10/1/2017 78
Entrepreneurship in S & T Sector
Recognizing the role that technology can play in the
development of society, a Technology Policy
Statement (TPS) was formulated in 1983 by GOI
with the basic objective of developing indigenous
technology and ensuring efficient absorption of
imported technology appropriate to national
priority and availability of resources. The TPS also
aimed at using traditional skills and capabilities
and making them commercially competitive.
10/1/2017 79
To encourage the entrepreneurial spirit among Science and
Technology persons, GOI established National Science and
Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board
(NSTEDB) in 1982 under the Dept. of Science and
Technology.
For strengthening Industries-Institutes interaction, NSTEDB
set up Science and Technology Entrepreneurs Park (STEP)
in academic institutions of excellence. 18 such STEPs were
established throughout the length and breadth of the
country.
NSTEDB also supported establishment of Entrepreneurship
Development Cell (EDC) in Engineering colleges. All the
above programmes have created over 5000 enterprises
during the last 20 years.
10/1/2017 80
Institutional Support
GOI established Small Industries
Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in
1990 mainly to support the Banks and
State Finance Corporations who in-turn
disbursed both Term loans and Working
capital to the Tiny and Small-Scale
entrepreneurs. SIDBI also supported
entrepreneurs directly.
10/1/2017 81
Promotion of Software Sector

GOI established in 1989, an autonomous
society under the Dept. of Electronics mainly
to provide the required connectivity and
band-width to the Software exporters.
Govt. also established a separate Single window
Agency for speedy clearance of imports of the
exporters.
10/1/2017 82
Globalization and Privatization
In 1991, due to then prevailing economic
conditions, GOI liberalized the economic
policies to initiate globalization and
privatization process(LPG).
This process speeded up establishment of
private enterprises especially in the Software
sector. Apart from that lot of MNCs in the
technology sector started establishing their
offices / development centers in India.
10/1/2017 83
Barriers for Entrepreneurship
Cultural and Social Factors
Inadequate knowledge about the domain
Inadequate Finance
Legal systems
Bureaucratic Structure
Unethical practices
Infrastructure
Technology
Management deficiency
Inadequate understanding of Risks involved
10/1/2017 84

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ENTREPRENEUR

Entrepreneurship is neither a science, nor

Society and Economics.

evaluating market opportunities along

Entrepreneur is the one who innovates, and introduces something

With a facilitating environment and growing

Creating wealth for oneself as well as for

One can be creative and innovative

One can choose the field / area of work

Opportunity to build high value for oneself

These are just a few reasons..

The functions of an entrepreneur can be best explained by

1.Opportunity Recognition, Assessment and Shaping

respect to ones competency / skill-set is critical for

2.Creative Resource marshaling

Trust and confidence in each others

5.Extended Enterprise Management

industry associations and society which

would come handy in successfully

9. Risk taking and Decision-making ability

New business venturing

Parameter Entrepreneurial Managerial

chemicals, automobiles, pharmaceuticals, etc.,

Though around 1946, the information age

Since the later part of 17th century, nearly for

Along with every surge of entrepreneurship, research

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), is a

Fig. 1 indicates the generalized relationship among 3

There are several parameters which

General Frame-work Conditions

Entrepreneurial Frame-work Conditions

When capable and motivated individuals

The process of new firms being created to replace

Evaluation of the opportunity:

Preparation of the business plan

Entrepreneurs contribute to economic development

Direct contribution is through payment of all types

By providing employment they are providing

Successful entrepreneurs also become Role models

Entrepreneurs also directly or indirectly participate

Parsi Community of Gujarat,

Sindhi community of Sind (now in Pakistan),

Setty community in Andhra,

Chattier community in Tamilnadu have been involved in

It was planned to develop lot of small units along with

Developing individuals as Entrepreneurs

Promotion of Software Sector

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