Classification & Ecology

What common feature/s make the

following a group?

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Objectives
Identify ten (10) visible features used to
group living organisms.
Define the term classification
Define the term environment
Distinguish the between the terms abiotic
and biotic factors.
Use five (5) visible features to group a
collection of organisms in a named
environment.
Define the term ecology
Recall the definition of the term habitat
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Classification Definition

In Biology to classify means to

arrange organisms into groups of
various sizes on the basis of
shared features.

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What is classification?
Classification is the arrangement of organisms into
groups of various sizes on the basis of shared features.

Taxonomy is a form of classification that focuses on

physical similarities between different species, for ease of
naming and identification.

Did You Know??

Phylogeny is the classification of organisms by these
evolutionary relationships, so that every group shares
a common ancestor.
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Linnaean Taxonomy
There are many different, and equally valid, ways of
classifying organisms by shared features.

The first scientist to introduce

a formal system of taxonomy
was Carl Linnaeus.

Linnaean taxonomy is still

the basis of the systems we
use today.

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Linnaean Taxonomy
The 8 Taxa

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order,

Family, Genus, Species.

Dainty, King, Phyllip, Came, Over, From,

Great, Spain

Explore - Use notes provided to gain an

understanding as to what each taxon
means
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The Taxonomic Hierarchy

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CLASSIFICATION CHALLENGE!!!

Classify the list of organisms into the remain

five (5) groups of organisms using your
best inferrence.

Kingdom fox, snake, polar bear, squirrel,

grizzly bear, starfish, brown bear
Phylum - fox, snake, polar bear, squirrel,
grizzly bear, brown bear.
Class (Mammalia), Order, Family, Genus,
Species
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ANSWER!!

H/W
Find out the
Scientific Name
for 1 plant and
1 animal

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Binominal Nomenclature
( 2 Name Classification)
Each organism that has been discovered
by scientist is officially classified and
named using a system called Binominal
Nomenclature.
This classification uses genus and species
to which the organism belongs to create a
scientific name.
Genus + species = Scientific name
Ursus + arctos = Ursus arctos
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Domains Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
.
Every living thing is grouped in 2 major groups
called domains.

The 2 domains are Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes are organisms without membrane
bound genetic material (DNA)

Eukaryotes are organisms with membrane

bound genetic material (DNA)
Question Are viruses classified as living things?
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Kingdom Plantae
The main feature of organisms in the plant kingdom is their
ability to manufacture their own sugars from simple
molecules by photosynthesis.
They are autotrophs. Define??
Their other main defining feature
is the cellulose cell wall found in
every cell.
Plants can be flowering plants
(Angiosperms) or non-flowering
plants (Gymnosperms)

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Plant Classification
Plants

Bryophytes Vascular Plants

Algae* (Moss & (plants with leaves,
Liverworts)
stems & roots)

Non-
Flowering
plants

Flowering
plants
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Kingdom Animalia
Members of the animal kingdom are multicellular
heterotrophs they are dependent on other organisms for
food.

All animals, except sponges, have

nervous and muscular systems

QUESTION
What is the benefit of having a
Nervous and Muscular systems?

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Common vs. Scientific Group Names
Kingdom
Animalia

Fish Reptile Bird Mammals Amphibians

Pisces Reptilia Aves Mammalia Amphibia

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Kingdom Fungi
Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophic organisms that have
a chitin cell wall.
Some grow as single cells, but most are multicellular.

Reproduction usually occurs

via spores, often produced
by specialized fruiting bodies.

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Kingdoms Monera (Prokaryotae)
Monera are bacteria and
other unicellular organisms
whose genetic material is
loose in the cell.

They used to form one

kingdom in the five-kingdom
system and were previously
called Prokarya.
H/W Examples of
bacterium

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Kingdom Protista

Protists are a group of

eukaryotic organisms that do not
fit into other kingdoms.

Some groups resemble other

kingdoms such as plants and
animals.

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Taxonomic rankings

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Home Work!!

Distinguish among the following seven (7)

ecological terms
Niche,

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