Broadband Access

Networks
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION

1. Hafid Irawan 1210155022

2. Abdul Hamid Fahni M 1210165001
Broadband Technology
Pendahuluan
Broadband Access Network (BAN)
Struktur Broadband Access
Broadband Services for BAN
Communication Environments
Distribus pelanggan Konvensional
Perkembangan distribusi pelanggan
Multiplicity of Access Networks
Beberapa tipe BANs
Copper, Cable, Fiber, Wireless and Power line-based
Access Network Standards
Broadband Technology
Broadbad Access Network (BAN)
Subscriber loop adalah sebuah perangkat transmisi dan
signaling yang menghubungkan subscriber terminal
equipment (Network Termination/NT) dengan central office
(Access Network/AN).
Access networks merupakan yang menjembatani pengguna
untuk terhubung dengan penyedia layanan.
Layanan Mencakup:
Layanan wicara (telephones)
Broadband video streaming (TV)
Interactive data services (computers)
Membutuhkan Bandwidth yang lebar dan interaktivitas yang
tinggi.
Broadband Technology
Reference model for BAN
S1
Content
Provider
----------------- A3 A2
Internet
A0
A1
A9
A4

Transport Access Optical

Network NT NIU RG STU TE
Network Node Unit (ONU)

Core Fiber Distribution

Network Network Network
S2 TE

STU TE
S3
Access
Network
A0~A9: Interface S1~S3: Server Home TE
NIU: Network Interface Unit STU: Set-Top Unit Network
NT: Network Termination TE: Terminal
Equipment
RG: Residential Gateway Simulation
Broadband Technology
Broadband Structure
ADSL : Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
DBS : Direct Broadcast Satellite
DMB: Digital Multimedia Broadcast
FTTC : Fiber To The Curb
Digital DBS HFC : Hybrid Fiber Coaxial
DMB LMDS : Local Multipoint Distribution System
MMDS : Multi-channel Multipoint Distribution
System
MMDS/LMDS MSO : Multiple Service Operator
LMDS only
Fiber or Hub WMAX
Wireles Station WiBro
DBS STB/
s MMDS/LMDS
STB
ISDN Line (DSL) 64Kbps
ISDN
MSO Adaptor
/CO Analog
Twisted-pair 56Kbps
Modem
6Mbp ADSL
s 640Kbps Modem Home
Coa 30Mbp
Cable Terminal
Fiber HFC x s 3Mbps
ON Coax or Modem
U Copper
Fiber VDSL
52Mbps
FTTC/FTTO Modem
3Mbps
Broadband Technology
Broadbad Services
Broadcast (analog, digital, interactive, multimedia TV)
Videoconference
Video on Demand (VoD), Near VoD
Portal/www services
Broadband datacasting
Video streaming
Networked games
Broadband Technology
Communication Environment
Metallic Transmission Media
Twisted-pair, Coaxial Cable (copper)
Problem pada frekuensi tinggi:
attenuation, crosstalk
Pelemahan External: leakage,
impulse noise, loading coils,
thermal noise, bridged taps
Fiber-Optic Transmission
Modulation: on/off keying (OOK),
FM, AM
Pelemahan: attenuation, dispersion,
handling problems, cuts and other
damages, bending, clipping
Perbaikan: Dense Wavelength
Division Multiplexing (DWDM)
Wireless Transmission
Semakin tinggi frekuensi, semakin
pendek jaraknya.
Modulasi: QPSK, VSB, OFDM, etc.
Pelemahan: LOS, multipath,
absorption, interference
Noise Mitigation Techniques
Forward error correction (FEC)
Retransmission (ARQ)
Interleaving
Spread spectrum/Code division
multiple access (CDMA)
Broadband Technology
FO vs Coper
Jenis Frekuensi Redaman Delay Jarak
Repeater
Twisted Pair 0,2 dB/km
(dengan loading) 0 3,5 kHz 50 s/km 2 km
pada 1 kHz
Twisted Pair 3 dB/km
(kabel multi-pair) 0 1 MHz 5 s/km 2 km
pada 1 kHz
Kabel koaksial 7 dB/km
0 500 MHz 4 s/km 1 9 km
pada 10 MHz
Serat optik 186 370 THz 0,2 0,5 dB/km 5 s/km 40 km

THz=TeraHertz=1012 Hz
Jaringan Pelanggan secara Konvensional
Central office (CO): access node(AN)- remote node (RN)- network termination
(NT):Home network
Feeder, distribution network (before and after RN/ONU)
Digital loop carrier(DLC), fiber loop carrier (FLC)
Conventional subscriber lines
enormous asset- 700 million subscriber lines worldwide
twisted-pair (TP) dominant 90% of subscriber lines, 5 to 10-km of
distance
so far, mainly for POTS(plain ordinary telephone service)
4 kHz bandwidth. (Modem increases the capacity)
Evolusi pada Jaringan Pelanggan
Perawatan khusus dibutuhkan tergantung pada :
Ciri fisik,
Jarak dari layanan ini jaringan,
Layanan komunikasi dengan type yang diinginkan.
Three paths of evolution
Megnggunakan modulasi yang lebih canggih
Mengganti TP pada subscriber dengan serat optik
Mrenovasi dan menambahkan jaringan nirkabel
Multiplicity of Access Networks
Embedded base twisted pairs
Different characteristics copper, coax, fiber, wireless
Different applications point-to-pt, point-to-multipt
Different population densities urban vs. rural
Different geography ocean, hills, buildings, etc.
Different business conditions infrastructure, regulation
=> Matter of trade-in between investment and performance
(bandwidth, loss, delay)
Access Network Evolution Paths
TP-based evolution (1st stage of evolution)
Jenis Modulasi yang digunakan: QAM, CAP, DMT, DWMT
HDSL, ADSL, SDSL, VDSL stages
No requirement of any new deployments or changes to the loop other than attachment
of the converters
Fiber-based evolution (2nd stage of evolution)
FTTO, FTTC, FTTH stages
CATV network: HFC enhanced with bi-directional capability for interactivity
Wireless-based evolution (3rd stage of evolution)
Limitation of bandwidth and security
Economical alternative
Mobility and network tractability
THANK YOU
Kondisi Riil

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