UNIT 6 - POPULATION AND ECONOMY

POPULATION

Definition.- Population is the number of inhabitants that live in a place.

The population in Spain is about 46.5 million people.

How to study population.- The population of a place can be divided into different categories:

Gender
Age
Activity

Changes in population.- The changes in population are caused by:

the birth rate

the death rate ,
emigrants and immigrants.
 GENDER
The population is divided into two groups:

Women (we count the number of women)

Men (we count the number of men)

AGE

Inhabitants are divided into three different age groups:

Children from 0 to 15.
Adults from 16 to 65.
Senior citizens over 65.

The population is divided into two groups:

Active population. This group include all adults who are able to work.
Employed . People who have a job.
Unemployed. People who dont have a job.
Inactive population: Children under 16, Adults who are too ill to work and Adults
who are retired.
 CHANGES IN POPULATION

The changes in population are caused by:

THE BIRTH RATE: It is the number of babies born in a place in one year.
THE DEATH RATE : It is the number of people who die in a place in one year.
EMIGRANTS: Emigrants are people who leave one place to live in another place
IMMIGRANTS: Immigrants are people who come to live in a place.

Population decreases because death rate and emigration grow.

Population increases because birth rate and immigration grow.

 THE DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION

Why people move to different places.

Population density.

Where people live in Spain.

WHY PEOPLE MOVE TO DIFFERENT PLACES

There are many different reasons why people move :

To study.

To find work.

Because of drought or famine

Because of war.
 POPULATION DENSITY
Population density is the relation between the people who live in a place and the size of that area.

Population tells us if a place has a large population or a small population.

Densely populated. Lots of people live in a small area.

Sparsely populated. Few people live in a large area.

WHERE PEOPLE LIVE IN SPAIN

In Spain, most of the people live on the coast and in the big cities: Barcelona, Valencia,
Malaga, Vizcaya, Pontevedra. These places are densely populated.
Fewer people live inland, except in the big cities like Madrid and Zaragoza. These places
are sparsely populated.
 WHERE PEOPLE WORK
There are three main sectors of the economy:
 THE SECONDARY SECTOR
The secondary sector transforms raw materials into manufactured products.

This sector includes industry and construction.

THE TERTIARY SECTOR

The tertiary sector, also called the service sector, provides services.
It includes: trade, health, education, transport, tourism and financial services.
 TRADE

Trade is the buying and selling of products.

Trade connects products from the primary and secondary sectors with consumers. It can be:

Domestic trade means buying and selling products in a country (products we buy in
shops and supermarkets)

Foreign trade means buying and selling products to and from other countries.

FOREIGN TRADE

Imports are products we buy from other countries.

Exports are products we sell to other countries.

 TRANSPORT
Transport moves products and passengers, via roads, motorways, airports and ports.

There are different means of transport: planes, ships, trains and lorries.

TOURISM

All activities that relate to holidays are part of tourism. This includes:
Transport.
Holiday companies.
Bars and restaurants.