Tectonic Configuration of SE

Asia

Tectonic configuration of SE Asia showing Indonesian region is complex

because it lies at the triple junction of three large plates; the Indo-
Australian Plate, Eurasian Plate and Pacific Plate
(Robert Hall, 1996)
 CENTERPOINT OF TRIPLE JUNCTION PLATE CONVER
NNE-MOVING INDO-AUSTRALIAN PLATE (8CM/Y)
S-SE MOVING EURASIAN PLATE (0.4CM/Y)

TRIASSIC EMPLAC. & AMALGAM.MICROCONTS.

MESOZOIC PLATE CONVERGENCE
PALEOGENE PLATE CONVERGENCE
NEOGENE PLATE CONVERGENCE ( OROGENY)

PALEOZOIC AND MESOZOIC EXTENSION

PALEOGENE ARC COLLISION
NEOGENE EMPLACEMENT OF MICROCONTENTS
LATE NEOGENE PLATE CONVER. ( OROGENY)

TRIASSIC BREAKUP OF N-NW AUSTRALIA MARGIN

MESOZOIC PASSIVE MARGINS
NEOGENE PLATE CONVERGENCE ( OROGENY)
COMMON INDONESIAN GEOLOGYCAL PROVINCE

KONTUR 200 M

WESTERN INDONESIA
EASTERN INDONESIA
 TECTONIC REGIONS

ERASIA

PAC
1

SUNDALAND 4

2 3
INDO-AUS
AUS
 Tectonic Configuration
WESTERN INDONESIA

PROTO-EASTERN INDONESIA

Figure. 1.2: Plate Reconstruction of Indonesian Region since Mesozoikum

(Robert Hall, 1996)
TECTONIC CONFIGURATION

EASWARD SUBDUCTION MOVEMENT

(Robert Hall, 1996)

 TECTONIC CONFIGURATION

COLLISION OF BANGGAI-SULA
MICROCONTINENT AND
STARTING TIME WHEN INDONESIAN
ARCHIPELAGO BECOME UNITY
(Robert Hall, 1996)
EXISTING BASIN DISTRIBUTION MAP

60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI BPPKA)

CONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATION
NEWLY DISCOVERED BASIN
PETA TEKTONIK DAN CEKUNGAN

BPMIGAS-LAPI ITB (2008)

 ACTIVE/REACTIVE SUBDUCTION ZONES
ACTIVE/REACTIVE COLLISION ZONES
ACTIVE/REACTIVE VOLCANIC BELTS
ACTIVE/REACTIVE WRENCH FAULTINGS
ACTIVE/REACTIVE THRUST FAULTINGS
ACTIVE/REACTIVE BLOCK FAULTINGS
WHOLY ACTIVE SEISMIC ZONES
JUXTAPOS.AUTOCHT.ANDALLOCHT.TERRAINS

REOCCURRING EARTHQUAKES
REOCCURRING TSUNAMIS
REOCCURRING VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
RECENT LAND COLLAPSINGS
RECENT COASTAL ABRASIONS
Peta Geotektonik Indonesia
0 400 km

Fig 1a.
2
KALIMANTAN SULAWESI

SUMATRA

4 Bone Bay
Central Java Sea
Province
Province
Makassar Strait
Province

6
East Java Sea
Province
JAVA
Flores Sea
8
Province
FLORES
0 km 200 km

106 108 110 112 114 116 118 120 122 124
Legends
Bone Bay Province
Bouguer anomaly contour

0
Makassar Strait Province

10
Gravity high
Central Java Sea Province
Gravity low
East Java Sea Province
Flores Sea Province Province boundary
Lineation
Fig 2. Seismotectonic map of Indonesia (Kertapati et al.,1992)
Seismic zone of Indonesia
OROGENY DURING NEOGENE
1. SUNDA OROGENY
2. BARISAN OROGENY
3. TALAUD OROGENY
4. SULAWESI OROGENY
5. BANDA OROGENY
6. MELANESIAN OROGENY
7. DAYAK OROGENY
 BARISAN OROGENY

Oblique subduction and dextral

wrenching in Sumatera

BARISAN OROGENY
NIAS BARISAN MOUNTAINS MALLACA STRAIT
INDIAN OCEAN
SW Forearc Barisan Fault Toba Caldera Backarc Basin NE
Nicobar Fan Sunda Trench Ridge Basin
0
Mesozoic Accretionary Complexes SUNDALAND
Km CRATON

INDIAN OCEAN PLATE

EURASIAN PLATE
50
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Epicenter and isoseismal map of the 1994 Liwa eartquake in Sumatera
(Lumbanbatu, 1995)
Seismic reflections profile showing the development of negative
flowers structure in Andaman sea (Harding,1983)
Positive Flower Structure of Basin Fault System in Northern Sumatera
ONSHORE-BACK ARC BASIN SUMATERA CONSISTS OF NORTH, CENTRAL AND SOUTH BASINS
(Heidrick & Aulia 1993)
TECTONICS AND SEDIMENTATION of SUMATRA BASIN

(Heidrick & Aulia 1993)

BASIN DEFORMATION AND EVOLUTION STYLES IN NORTH, CENTRAL AND
SOUTH SUMATERA BASINS
 TECTONIC SETTING OF SUMATRA BASIN

(Heidrick & Aulia 1993)

SUMATERA RESULT FROM OBLIQUE CONVERGENCE, AND MORPHO-TECTONIC SETTING

CONSIST OF OCEAN BASIN, SUBDUCTION ZONE, FORE ARC BASIN, MAGMATIC ARC AND
BACK ARC BASIN
TECTONIC ELEMENT NORTH SUMATRA BASIN

A SERIES OF HALF-GRABEN FORMED IN THE NORTH SUMATERA BASIN DURING

EARLY RIFTING IS SUGGESTED AS THE MAIN SHALE DEPOSITION POTENTIAL
 REGIONAL STRUCTURE
F3

CENTRAL SUMATRA BASIN REGIONAL SECTION

F2 F2

F3
F0; Pre-Tertiary
F1; Eocene-Oligocene rifting in N-NNE
F2; L Oligocene- M Miocene extensional N-NNW
F3; Plesitocene Recent in NW SE Direction

Structural Map of Central Sumatera Basin showing the N-S structural orientation as
older structure and NE-SW structural orientation as younger structure. Santy, 2006
TOP BASEMENT STRUCTURAL CONTOUR DEPTH

Approximately, Location of the

Sinembah Block

Santy, 2006
 SUNDA OROGENY

SUNDA OROGENY
JAWA JAWA SEA
Sunda Shelf N
Forearc Volcanic Arc
S INDIAN OCEAN Kendeng Thrust
Roo Rise Jawa Trench Ridge Basin
0

SUNDALAND
Mesozoic Accretionary Complexes CRATON
Km
INDIAN OCEAN PLATE
EURASIAN PLATE
50
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Normal subduction & Back arc thrusting in Jawa-Nusatenggara

Fig 4B. Subduction system of Jawa Trench (Hamilton, 1979)
 penyebaran dari batuan-batuan
volkanik dari ke dua periode; Akhir-
Awal Miosen dan Miosen Akhir dan
Pliosen Akhir
DISTRIBUSI PENYEBARAN BATUAN VOLKANIK DI PULAU JAWA (ATMADJA ET AL 19??)
REGIONAL STRUCTURE OF JAVA

After PERTAMINA-BPPKA, 1996

 Banyumas Blok

Regionally, two major strike-slip faults flanking Central Java may continue to
the Meratus and Lematang Fault, respectively. In this position, Central Java is
tectonically important because position the center of structural trend between
Back-arc thrusting in Northern West Jawa
( Supriyanto & Ibrahim, 1993)
Focal mechanism of shallow
eartquakes in Bali region (Soehaimi &
Kertapati, 1993)
Seismic reflections profile of Flores Sea
( Budiono et al.,1995)
REGIONAL GEOLOGY
REGIONAL GEOLOGY
 A

A. SKETSA KARTON YANG MEMPERLIHATKAN POSISI SUBDUKSI PADA KAPUR

DI DAERAH CILETUH DI BAGIAN SELATAN HINGGA KE LAUT JAWA DI UTARA
B. SUBDUKSI BERPINDAH KE TIMUR, DAN MENGHASILKAN CEKUNGAN ANTAR
PEGUNUNGAN SETIDAKNYA HINGGA MIOSEN TENGAH
A

A. SKETSA KARTON YANG MEMPERLIHATKAN POSISI SUBDUKSI PADA SAAT

MIOSEN TENGAH
B. SUBDUKSI BERPINDAH DARI ARAH TIMURLAUT BARAT DAYA MENJADI
TIMUR BARAT PADA WAKTU MISEN TENGAH DAN MNEGAKIBATKAN
PENGANGKATAN DI CEKUNGAN JAWA BARAT SELATAN.
 TALAUD OROGENY

Double arc collision, double opposing

thrusting and transpressional wrenching in
Molucca Sea region

TALAUD OROGENY
SULAWESI SEA NORTH SULAWESI MOLLUCA SEA HALMAHERA PACIFIC OCEAN
W Talaud Ridge Arc Halmahera-Waigeo
Sangihe Arc Thrust Mayu E
Thrust Ophiolite Terrane
0
Imbricated ophiolite

Km
SULAWESI
SEA PLATE MOLLUCA
PHILIPPINE SEA PLATE
SEA PLATE
50
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Fig 5A.
Seismic zones along 30EW in
Molucca Sea region
(GRDC, SeateanTransect VIII,1995)
Fig 5C.
Double, parallel-slided subduction
system in northern Molucca Sea
region (4oN)
Fig 5D.
Double arc collision in northern
Molucca Sea region
 SULAWESI OROGENY

Collision of microcontinents island

arc, ophiolite obduction, upthrusting
of benioff complex and sinistral
wrenching of Pahe-Koro Fault in
Sulawesi
SULAWESI OROGENY
MAKASSAR STRAIT CENTRAL SULAWESI EAST ARM SULAWESI
W Magmatic Arc Metamorphic belt Ophiolite Belt BANGGAL SULA
Batui thrust E
Thrust Belt Palu-Koro Fault
0

SUNDA LAND BANGGAL SULA MIKROCONTINENT

Km

EURASIAN PLATE
50
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Fig 6B.
Seismic reflection profiles from
Banda Sea Region & Sulawesi
Fig 6C. Transitional Wrenching of South Sula Fault in Banda Sea
Region (modified after Garrard et al, 1988)
 Minahasa Seismic Zone

Maluku Seismic Zone

Palu-Koro
Seismic Zone

Paternoster- Walanae
Seismic Zone

Fig 6E. Structures and focal mechanism of Sulawesi

 BANDA OROGENY

W E

BATHYMETRHY MAP
W E
YAMDENA BLOCK

N YAMDENA BLOCK S MAP INDEX

 Arc-continental
collision in Southern
Banda Sea region

BANDA OROGENY VOLKANIC ARC

TIMOR SEA TIMOR RIDGE (inactive) BANDA SEA
S N
Sahul Shelf Timor Through Kisar Thrust Wetar Thrust
0

Km AUSTRALIAN CRATON
BANDA SEA PLATE

50
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
 REGIONAL GEOLOGY; STRUCTURAL SETTINGS
STRUCTURAL SETTINGS

Interaction of three major

plates, the Indian-Australian
plate to the south, the
Eurasian plate to the
northwest, and the Pacific
plate to the northeast since
before the Miocene epoch.

Three sets of structural trend in The

Eastern Indonesia NW Australia can
be recognize as follow :
E W trend, strike slip fault due to E
W compressional stress induced by
subduction of Pacific Plate during
Neogene.
NE SW trend, graben, due to Late
Mesozoic (Triassic Middle Jurassic)
tensional force.
NW SE trend, graben, due to Early
Paleozoic intracratonic rift.
Arafura Sea II Block is situated in
Arafura Shelf (Northern Platform)
which is slightly deformed stable
platform (Peck & Soulhol, 1986)
BASIN MARGIN
 Tectonic profile across northern Banda Sea region showing the development of
transtresional wrenching of Sorong, Bacan and North Sula Faults ( modified after
Letouzey et al, 1983)
Seismic reflection profile
across Timor & Seram
Troughs
Evolution of the foredeep.
A: Contraction started after
the Early Pliocene
unconformity was
produced. B and C: Tilting
of the unconformity started
during the deposition of the
transgressive
sequence, and the slope
became steeper with time.
D: Contraction continued as
the foredeep was
being filled and younger
thrusts started to develop in
the basin itself, hence
deforming the sediments
just deposited.
 MELANESIAN OROGENY

MELANESIA OROGENY Extentional Tect.

CENTRAL RANGES PACIFIC OCEAN
Hot Spots
Dolak Neogene Volc. Paleogene Arc Sorong Fault Zone N
Thrust Belt
S Foreland Basin Meervlakte Basin New Guinea Trench
Merauke Plateform Asmat Thrust
0

Km AUSTRALIAN CRATON
CAROLINE PLATE

50
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Oblique convergence and thin-skinned tectonic in Irian Jaya-PNG

Fig 8B.
Regional seismotectonic map of
Irian Jaya (Soehaimi et al, 1996)
Fig 8C. Focal mechanism of the 1996 Biak eartquakes, Irian Jaya region
 TECTONICS AND STRATIGRAPHY
IRIANJAYA ARAFURA TECTONIC FRAMEWORK
A complex interaction of the Indo-
Australian, Eurasian, and Pacific plates.
Regional setting is of Eastern Indonesia is
strongly related to the geological setting of
N northern Australia.
The island of New Guinea is situated on the
northern margin Indo-Australian (Figure
2).
This margin is obliquely convergent with
the Pacific plate.

The island was formed as a result of arc-

continent collision that began when the
S northern edge of the Australian continent
entered a north-dipping subduction zone
S N beneath the Melanesian island arc complex
(Dewey and Bird 1970; Jaques and
Robinson, 1977; Hamilton, 1979; Dow et al.,
1988).
.
 Regional Cross Section
PAPUA; CENTRAL RANGE AREA

Tectonic setting of Papua and section across its tectonic elements. Elements of anatomy of Papua Central
Ranges are shown on the section from undeformed Merauke Platform, through foreland basin, collisional
orogen and suture, to oceanic crust of Pacific Plate (modified after Simandjuntak and Barber, 1996 in
Satyana et al., 2007).
TECTONICS AND STRUCTURAL
GRAINS

BASEMENT CONFIGURATION OF
PAPUA (GRAVITY)
Geology of Papua (Irian Jaya

Overlapped Cenozoic, Mesozoic and Paleozoic basins

with different structural aligments, and also show
parallel NW-SE Paleozoic basins propagated from
northwestern margin Australia to Papua. Paleozoic-Mesozoic sequences

Hermes 2010; after Sukamto, et al.(2003)

Sorong Fault Zone Koor Fault
2
Structural Grain of Papua
Ransiki Fault

Yapen Fault
Wandame Fault Memberamo Fault & T
hrust Zone

Lengguru Fault

Wayland Fault
Tariku Fault
9
Darewo Fault

Tarera-Aiduna Fault
8
Foreland Fold & Thrust beltZone

IFB = Irian Jaya Fold Belt,

LFB -= Lengguru Fold Belt, MTFB
= Mamberamo Thrust-and-Fold-
Belt,
SFZ = Sorong Fault Zone,
YFZ = Yapen Fault Zone,
RFZ = Ransiki Fault Zone, TAFZ =
Tarera-Aiduna Fault Zone,
WT = Waipona Trough.

Hermes 201
 IRIANJAYA ARAFURA TECTONIC FRAMEWORK

Irianjaya Arafura Tectonic Framework

 IRIANJAYA CRUSTAL CROSS-SECTION

Figure. 4.4 : Irianjaya Crustal Cross-Section

Generalised map of the western IJFB showing the locations of major faults, wells, and the approximate
outline of Conocos Warim Block. Contours showing estimated depth to basement (Hobson et al., 1997) outline the
basement high. The area of the conceptual plays described in this paper are shown to stretch from offshore west
of the basement high eastward to the major change in Paleozoic basement at approximately 139o30.
Key: CC-1, Cross Catalina-1; K-1, Kembelangan-1; LFB, Lengguru FoldBelt; NW-1, Noordwest-1. (Kendrick, R.D
and Hill K.C., 2001)
 Exact Seismic location not known

Seismic interpretation from north to south crossing Akimeugah Basin. The interpretation shows
Thrusting and thickness of sedimets up to 7 Km in north and around 3 Km in the Akimeugah Basin.