Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
PAPER
Databases of synthesized
evidence
Data-bases of
pre-appraised
articles
Not all research studies (even good ones) are set up to test a
single definitive hypothesis
Qualitative research studies: Aim to look at particular issues
related to a particular area which generate further
hypotheses.
Other controlled
clinical trials
Observational studies
(Cohort and case control)
Parallel group comparison Each group receives a different treatment, with both
groups being entered at the same time.
E.g. HeLa cells form Henrietta Lacks- At that time there were no
laws regarding ethics of using and profiting from a subject.
Assessing methodological quality:
IMRAD pattern
M is the most important section
Trash it/ trust it? (flawed/flawless)
What the authors said What they should have said /done
We compared a nicotine patch with Patch containing 15mg nicotine twice
placebo daily, control group received identical
looking patches
4. What outcome was measured and how?
In an incurable disease the efficacy of a drug is measured in
the form of number of years the patient lived, rather than
affecting some obscure enzyme
Difficult to measure- symptomatic(pain), functional (mobility),
psychological (anxiety), social (inconvenience)
However outcome should be objectified as far as possible
Allocation
References
1.Greenhalgh, T. How to read a paper: the basics of Evidence
Based Medicine.4th ed. London:BMJ; 1997.
Thank you!