ASTUTI YUNI NURSASI, MN

DISKUSIKAN
APA MAKNA CARING UNTUK ANDA?
PERAGAKAN PERILAKU CARING DALAM
KELUARGA ANDA
JELASKAN CONTOH-CONTOH
TINDAKAN PERAWAT YANG
MENUNJUKKAN PERILAKU CARING
PADA KELUARGA.
BAGAIMANAKAH PERASAAN ANDA
JIKA SEORANG PERAWAT TIDAK
BERPERILAKU CARING
TUJUAN PEMBENTUKAN KELUARGA
DUA TUJUAN DASAR BERKELUARGA:
MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN
MASYARAKAT
MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN INDIVIDU
FAMILY CONCEPT
STUART(1991) IDENTIFY 5 ATRIBUTES:

1. KELUARGA MERUPAKAN SUATU SISTEM ATAU UNIT.

2. ANGGOTA-ANGGOTA KELUARGA DAPAT SALING
BERHUBUNGAN ATAU TIDAK DAN TINGGAL BERSAMA
ATAU TERPISAH.
3. KELUARGA DAPAT MEMILIKI ANAK ATAU TIDAK.
4. ADANYA KOMITMEN DAN KETERIKATAN ANTAR
ANGGOTA KELUARGA TERMASUK KEWAJIBAN DI
MASA DEPAN.
5. FUNGSI KELUARGA TERDIRI DARI PEMBERIAN
PERLINDUNGAN, PEMENUHAN NUTRISI DAN
SOSIALISASI ANGGOTA-ANGGOTA KELUARGA.
 CARING
THOSE ACTIONS AND ACTIVITIES DIRECTED TOWARDS
ASSISTING, ENABLING, SUPPORTIVE OR FACILITATIVE
BEHAVIORS TOWARDS OR FOR ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL OR
GROUP TO PROMOTE HEALTH, PREVENT DISEASE, AND
FACILITATIVE HEALING (LEININGER, 1991).
THE INTENTIONAL ATTITUTES AND ACTIONS THAT CONVEY
EMOTIONAL CONCERN AND PHYSICAL CARE AND THAT
PROMOTE A SENSE OF SAFENESS AND SECURITY IN ANOTHER
(LARSON, 1986)
MOTIVATION TO PROTECT THE WELFARE OF ANOTHER
PERSON OR TO ASSIST THET OERSON TOGROW AND
ACTUALIZE THE SELF (MAYEROFF, 1971, GAYLIN, 1976)
INTERACTION OF HEALTH/ILLNESS
AND THE FAMILY
1. FAMILY EFFORTS AT HEALTH
PROMOTION
2. FAMILY APPRAISAL OF SYMPTOMS
3. CARE-SEEKING
4. REFERRAL AND OBTAINING CARE
5. ACUTE RESPONSE TO ILLNESS BY CLIENT
AND FAMILY
6. ADAPTATION TO ILLNESS AND RECOVERY
VARIED FAMILY FORMS
TRADITIONAL NONTRADITIONAL
1. NUCLEAR FAMILY (1 PARENT 1. UNMARRIED PARENT AND
WORKING) CHILD FAMILY.
2. NUCLEAR FAMILY (DUAL- 2. UNMARRIED COUPLE AND
EARNER)
CHILD FAMILY.
3. NUCLEAR DYAD
3. COHABITING COUPLE.
4. SINGLE-PARENT FAMILY
4. GAY/LESBIAN FAMILY.
5. SINGLE ADULT LIVING
ALONE. 5. AUGMENTED FAMILY.
6. THREE GENERATION 6. COMMUNE FAMILY.
EXTENDED FAMILY.
7. MIDDLE-AGED OR ELDERLY
COUPLE.
8. EXTENDED KIN NETWORK.
CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTIMALLY
FUNCTIONING FAMILIES

CONSISTENTLY DEMONSTRATING HIGH

DEGREES OF CAPABLE NEGOTIATION
SKILLS IN DEALING WITH THEIR
PROBLEMS.
BEING CLEAR, OPEN, AND SPONTANEOUS
IN THEIR EXPRESSION OF A WIDE RANGE
OF FEELINGS, BELIEFS, AND
DIFFERENCES.
BEING RESPECTFUL OF MEMBERS
FEELINGS.
ENCOURAGING AUTONOMY OF THEIR
MEMBERS.
EXPECTING MEMBERSTO TAKE PERSONAL
RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR ACTIONS.
DEMONSTRATING AFFILIATIVE ATTITUDES
TOWARD EACH OTHER.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTHY
FAMILIES
MEMBERS INTERACTS WITH EACH OTHER
REPEATEDLY IN MANY CONTEXTS.
MEMBERS ARE ENHANCED AND FULFILLED BY
MAINTAINING CONTACTS WITH A WIDE RANGE
OF COMMUNITY GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS.
MEMBERS MAKE EFFORTS TO MASTER THEIR
LIVES BY BECOMING MEMBERS OF GROUPS,
FINDING INFORMATIONS AND OPTIONS, AND
MAKING DECISIONS.
MEMBERS ENGAGE IN FLEXIBLE ROLE
RELATIONSHIPS, SHARE POWER, RESPOND TO
CHANGE, SUPPORT GROWTH, AND AUTONOMY
OF OTHERS, AND ENGAGE IN DECISION MAKING
THAT AFFECTS THEM.
APPROACH TO FAMILY HEALTH
FAMILY THEORY(SEE THE REASONS
WHY DO NURSES WORK WITH FAMILY)
GENERAL SYSTEM THEORY
STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY
DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY
FAMILY LIFE CYCLE (DUVALL, 1985)
1. BEGINNING FAMILY (MARRIAGE).
2. EARLY CHILDBEARING FAMILY (ELDEST CHILD IS IN INFANCY
THROUGH 30 MONTHS OF AGES)
3. PRESCHOOL CHILDREN (ELDEST CHILD IS 2.5 TO 5 YEARS OF
AGE)
4. SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN (ELDEST CHILD IS 6 TO 12 YEARS OF
AGE)
5. TEENAGE CHILDREN (ELDEST CHILD IS 13 TO 20 YEARS OF
AGE)
6. LAUNCHING FAMILY (OLDEST TO YOUNGEST CHILD LEAVES
HOME)
7. MIDDLE-AGE FAMILY (REMAINING MARITAL DYAD TO
RETIREMENT)
8. AGING FAMILY (RETIREMENT TO DEATH OF BOTH SPOUSES)
THE STRUCTURAL DIMENSIONS OF THE
FAMILY
FAMILY
COMMUNICATION
PATTERNS/ PROCESS
FAMILY POWER
FAMILY ROLE
FAMILY NORMS AND
VALUES
SPECIFIC FUNCTIONAL AND DYSFUNCTIONAL
COMMUNICATION PROCESS

FUNCTIONAL COMMUNI- DYSFUNCTIONAL COMMUNI-

CATION PROCESS CATION PROCESS
SENDER SENDER
FIRMLY AND CLEARLY STATES MAKES ASSUMPTIONS.
CASE. EXPRESSES FEELINGS UNCLEARLY.
CLARIFIES AND QUALIFIES MAKES JUDGMENTAL RESPONSES.
MESSAGES. IS UNABLE TO DEFINE OWN NEEDS.
INVITES FEEDBACK. EXHIBITS INCONGRUENT COMMUNICATION.
IS RECEPTIVE TO FEEDBACK RECEIVER
FAILS TO LISTEN.
RECEIVER USES DISQUALIFICATION.
RESPONDS OFFENSIVELY AND NEGATIVELY.
ACTIVELY AND EFFECTIVELY
LISTENS. FAILS TO EXPLORE SENDERS MESSAGE.
GIVES FEEDBACK. FAILS TO VALIDATE MESSAGES.

VALIDATES THE MERIT OR BOTH SENDER AND RECEIVER

WORTH OF THE MESSAGE. COMMUNICATE IN DIFFERENT WAFELENGTHS
(PARALEL TALK)
ARE UNABLE TO FOCUS ON ONE ISSUE.
FACTORS INFLUENCING FAMILY
COMMUNICATION PATTERNS

THE CONTEXT/ SITUATION

THE FAMILYS ETHNIC
BACKGROUND
THE FAMILY LIFE CYCLE
GENDER DIFFERENCES
FAMILY FORM
THE FAMILYS SOCIO-
ECONOMIC STATUS
IDIOSYNCRATIC FACTORS: THE
FAMILY MINI-CULTURE
THE FAMILY POWER STRUCTURE

FAMILY POWER BASES

LEGITIMATE POWER/ AUTHORITY
HELPLESS OR POWERLESS POWER
REFERENT POWER
RESOURCE POWER
EXPERT POWER
REWARD POWER
COERCIVE POWER
INFORMATIONAL POWER
AFFECTIVE POWER
TENSION MANAGEMENT POWER
VARIABLES AFFECTING FAMILY POWER
STRUCTURE
1. FAMILY POWER HIERARCHY
2. TYPE OF FAMILY FORM
3. FORMATION OF COALITION
4. FAMILY COMMUNICATION NETWORK
5. SOCIAL CLASS
6. FAMILY DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE
7. SITUATIONAL CONTIGENCIES
8. ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES
9. PERSON VARIABLES
10.SPOUSES EMOTIONAL INTERDEPENDENCY AND
COMMITMENT TO MARRIAGE
THE FAMILY ROLE STRUCTURE

FORMAL FAMILY ROLES INFORMAL FAMILY ROLES

PROVIDER ROLE ENCOURAGER
HOUSEKEEPER ROLE HARMONIZER
CHILD-CARE ROLE INITIATOR-CONTRIBUTOR
COMPROMISER
CHILD-SOCIALIZATION
CARE BLOCKER
RECREATIONAL ROLE DOMINATOR
THE BLAMER
KINSHIP ROLE
FOLLOWER
THERAPEUTIC ROLE
RECOGNITION SEEKER
SEXUAL ROLE
MARTYR
THE GREAT STONE FACE
PAL
THE FAMILY SCAPEGOAT
THE PLACATOR
THE FAMILY CARETAKER
THE FAMILY PIONEER
VARIABLES AFFECTING ROLE STRUCTURE
SOCIAL CLASS
FAMILY FORMS
ETHNIC BACKGROUND
FAMILY DEVELOPMENTAL
STAGE
ROLE MODELS
SITUATIONAL EVENTS
THE FAMILY VALUES

AMERICAS CORE VALUE

PRODUCTIVITY/INDIVIDUAL ACHIEVEMENT
INDIVIDUALISM
MATERIALISM/THE CONSUMPTION ETHIC
THE WORK ETHIC
EDUCATION
EQUALITY
PROGRESS AND MASTERY OVER THE
ENVIRONMENT
FUTURE TIME ORIENTATION
EFFICIENCY, ORDERLINESS, AND
PRACTICALITY
RATIONALITY
QUALITY OF LIFE AND MAINTAINING HEALTH
THE DOING ORIENTATION
TOLERANCE OF DIVERSITY
FAMILY FUNCTIONS

5 FAMILY THE FAMILY AFFECTIVE

FUNCTIONS: FUNCTION
REPRODUCTIVE MAINTAINING MUTUAL
FUNCTION NURTURANCE
DEVELOPMENT OF CLOSE
ECONOMIC FUNCTION
RELATIONSHIP
AFFECTIVE FUNCTION MUTUAL RESPECT BALANCE
SOCIALIZATION BONDING AND
FUNCTION IDENTIFICATION
HEALTH CARE SEPARATENESS AND
CONNECTEDNESS
FUNCTION
NEED-RESPONSE PATTERNS
THE THERAPEUTIC ROLE
THE FAMILY HEALTH CARE FUNCTION
FAMILIES HEALTH
PRACTICES: 5 TUGAS KESEHATAN
LIFESTYLE PRACTICES
KELUARGA:
FAMILY DIETARY PRACTICES
1. MENGENAL MASALAH
FAMILY SLEEP AND REST
PRACTICES 2. MENGAMBIL KEPUTUSAN
FAMILY EXERCISE AND 3. MELAKUKAN PERAWATAN DI
RECREATION RUMAH
FAMILY DRUG HABITS 4. MEMODIFIKASI LINGKUNGAN
FAMILY SELF-CARE PRACTICES 5. MENGGUNAKAN FASILITAS
ENVIRONMENTAL AND HYGIENE PELAYANAN KESEHATAN
PRACTICES
MEDICALLY BASED PREVENTIVE
PRACTICES
DENTAL HEALTH CARE
PRACTICES
HAPPY LEARNING AND
GOOD LUCK

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