Matakuliah : H0122 / Dasar Telekomunikasi

Tahun : 2008

Sistem Komunikasi Satelit

Pertemuan 9
 Learning Outcomes

Mahasiswa dapat mendemonstrasikan kelebihan dan

kerugian sistem satelit serta aplikasi satelit untuk
navigasi.

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 Outline Materi

Pengertian sistem satelit

Komponen Sistem
Orbit Satelit
Aplikasi Sistem Komunikasi Satelit
GPS

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 Satellite Systems

Inter Satellite Link (ISL)

Mobile User Link

(MUL) MUL
Gateway Link
(GWL) GWL

small cells
(spotbeams)

base station
or gateway
footprint

Data Network PSTN GSM

PSTN: Public Switched User data

Telephone Network

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 Satellite Communication

Satellites are launched and orbited for a variety of purposes but the
most common application is communication.
Two Stations on Earth want to communicate but are too far away to
use conventional means, they can use a satellite as a relay station.
Communication satellites are not originators of information but are
relay stations for earth sources.
The transmitting station sends the information to the satellite (uplink),
which in turn retransmits it to the receiving station (downlink).
The signal converter is called transponder.

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 Classification

Coverage area
Global, regional, national
Service type
Fixed service satellite (FSS)
Broadcast service satellite (BSS)
Mobile service satellite (MSS)
General usage
Commercial, military, amateur, experimental

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 Orbits

Satellite orbits:
Equatorial-orbit satellite
Inclined-orbit satellite
Polar-orbit satellite
Footprint
The signal satellite from a satellite is aimed at a specific area

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 Categories

Satellite categories
GEO (Geosynchronous Earth Orbit)
MEO (Medium-Earth Orbit)
LEO (Low-earth orbit)

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 Satellite Orbit Altitudes

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 Satellite Communications

Early satellite communications use C band in the range 3.7-4.2 GHz

Could interfere with terrestrial communications
Beamwidth is narrower with higher frequencies
Recent communications make greater use of Ku band
Ka band is now being used.

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 Frequency Bands

Band designation Normal frequency range

(GHz)

L 12
S 24
C 48
X 8 12
Ku 12 18
K 18 27
Ka 27 40
V 40 75
W 75 110
millimeter (mm) 100 - 300

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 GEO Orbit

Originally proposed by Arthur C. Clarke.

Circular orbits above the equator, angular separation about 2
degrees - allows 180 satellites.
Orbital height above the earth about 36000km.
Round trip time to satellite about 0.25 seconds.
Requires more power for communications.
SNR is worse because of the distances involved
A few GEOs can cover most of the surface of the earth; polar
regions cannot be seen by GEO.
Since they appear stationary, GEOs do not require tracking.
GEOs are good for broadcasting to wide areas.

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 Satellite Relay Link

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 Transponder

An earth station transmits information to the satellite.

The satellite contains a receiver that picks up the transmitted
signal, amplifies it, and translates it on another frequency.
The signal on the new frequency is then retransmitted to the
receiving stations back on earth.
The transmitter-receiver combination in the satellite is known as a
transponder.

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 Ground Stations

The ground station, or earth station, is the terrestrial base of the

system.
The ground station communicates with the satellite to carry out the
designated mission.
The earth station consists of five major subsystems:
The antenna subsystem
The receive subsystem
The transmit subsystem
The ground control equipment (GCE) subsystem
Power subsystem

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 GPS

Global Positioning Satellite (GPS)

Altitude about 18.000 km
Based on a triangulation principle
Uses 24 satellite in six orbits
Use in military forces

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 Summary

Telah dipelajari kategori satelit.

Telah dipelajari aplikasi satelit komunikasi.
Telah dipelajari subsistem satelit komunikasi.

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