SITE STRUCTURES TAGGING AND

GRATING REMOVAL
MAIN HAZARDS ON SITE STRUCTURES AND GRATING REMOVAL 2

Falls from different levels

Cut, abrasion, puncture during normal handling
Collapse, compression, material falls
Dizziness, fatigue, stress
Slip/Trip Falls on same levelPosture/Ergonomics
 Fall Protection 3

Fall protection system shall be established according with

specific guideline while working in elevation on any site
structures still under construction:
Scaffolds
Ladders
Temporary and Permanent floors
Handrails
Mobile platforms
Safety lines
Harnesses
Safety nets
Temporary floors shall be of the proper streght and thickness to
carry the working load and it will be tightly planked and secured
to prevent Movement.
Climbing or sliding down columns or diagonal bracing is prohibited.
Walking beams without being tied-off is also prohibited
 Fall Protection 4

In structures not adaptable to temporary and/or permanent floors a

fall protection system shall be provided: scaffolds, ladders, platforms,
safety lines, full-body harnesses, mobile platforms, safety nets, etc.
 Fall Protection 5

During structural steel

assembly, a safety railing
cable well strength as per fall
protection guideline around
the periphery of all temporary
planked or metal-floors

Climbing or sliding down

columns or diagonal
bracing is prohibited.
Walking beams without
being tied-off is also
prohibited
 Basic principles for working at heights 6

Access in erection
area/structure shall
be allowed only to
the involved
workforce
Cordon off the area below -
Protection
to preventof anyone who may
personnel injury
beorbelow the work
anything site.
drop.

CORDON OFF THE AREA

BELOW THE WORK SITE

7
 Prevent Falling objects 7

Containers/buckets
shall be provided for
storing or carrying
bolts and tools and
shall be secured to
prevent falls

24
 Prevent Falling objects 8

Placing small hand tools or machine parts

on open grating floors create a risk: take
suitable measures to avoid them falls
(i.e. blanket, buckets, tool box, etc.)

25
 SAFETY FIRST !!!!!! 9

PERMANENT FLOOR, HANDRAILS, STAIRS AND TOEBOARD SHALL

BE INSTALLED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE IN PRIORITY
ON ANY SITE STRUCTURES
 SAFETY FIRST !!!!!! 10

PERMANENT FLOOR, HANDRAILS, STAIRS AND TOEBOARD SHALL

BE INSTALLED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE IN PRIORITY
ON ANY SITE STRUCTURES
 Structure Accessibility RED Platform Not Accessible 11

All structures still STRUCTURE INCOMPLETED

NO ENTRY
under construction ONLY STEEL STRUCTURE
shall be physically ERECTORS USING FALLS
barricaded and PROTECTIONS
clearly identified by
red tag at the base of
any main entrance
 Structure Not Accessible 12

15
 Site Structure Safe Condition Establishment and Maintenance 13

SUITABLE ACCESS
RIGID EDGE PROTECTION / HANDRAILS
GRATING SECURED BY CLIPS
PENETRATION ARE COVERED / BARRICATED AND SIGN POSTED
OPENINGS ARE COVERED / BARRICATED AND SIGN POSTED
ANY NOT COMPLETED AREA UNDER ERECTION OR CONSTRUCTION
IS STRONGLY BARRICATED & SIGNS POSTED
ONLY AUTHORISED PERSONNEL BY PERMIT TO WORK CAN WORK IN
BARRICATED AREA UNDER PROPER SUPERVISION AND 100% TIED ON
POLICY APPLYCATION
GRATINGS OR HANDARAILS OPENING IS EXECUTED ONLY UNDER
SPECIFIC PERMIT TO WORK OPERATED BY COMPETENT
PERSONNEL
ANY ALTERATION OR REMOVAL OF ANY OF THE ABOVE WILL CAUSE
CANCELLATION OF THIS TAG AND TERMINATION FROM THE PROJECT
SITE SUPERVISION TO EXECUTE A LAST MINUTE RISK ASSESSMENT
ON THE PLATFORM BEFORE TO ALLOW TO WORK AND HSE STAFF TO
EXECUTE ROUTINE INSPECTION OF SITE STRUCTURE
Safe Structure Certificate - Example 14
 Temporary Solutions for Accessibility 15

In case of any temporary installation the Subcontractor shall

issue a specific method statement to be approved by the main
contractor in order to ensure that the temporary installation is
secured, prior to declare the structure Yellow Accessible.
 Temporary Solutions for Accessibility 16

AREA INCOMPLETED
NO ENTRY
ONLY STEEL STRUCTURE
ERECTORS USING FALLS
PROTECTIONS

Local area of a structure with temporary gratings shall be barricated

and the grating shall be in any case fixed AT LEAST with zinc-iron wire
2.4mm, 2 points of attachment with adjacent panels and/or beams for
each side of each grating
 Structure Accessibility YELLOW Platform 17

Each access of site STRUCTURE YELLOW ACCESSIBLE

structure working TEMPORARY INSTALLATION ONGOING
platform still under WEAR SAFETY HARNESS

construction that have

approved temporary
solution shall be
physically tagged at
any access with
yellow tag
 Fixed ladders and Handrails 18

Always grip the

rungs and
maintain three
points of
contacts

Always close
the gate or
replace the
safety chain
when finished.

15
 Permanent platform accessibility GREEN Tag 19

Platform can be declared and STRUCTURE

Tagged Green Accessible upon GREEN ACCESSIBLE
their completion and joint WEAR SAFETY HARNESS
inspection by Subcontractor and
Main Contractor technical and
safety staff, in order to ensure
that the minimum requirement are
in place: handrails, gratings,
ladders or stairs permanently
installed and secured.
Structure Complete 20
Going on Site Structures 21

Workers and depending on

site rules also supervision is
obliged to wear the safety
harness while going in
elevation on any site
structure or temporary
platforms, no matter if
Yellow or Green accessible
 Working on Site Structures 22

Before allowing accessing or working on a platform declared Accessible, the

responsible of work staff (supervisor or foreman) shall inspect the working
platform in order to ensure that the above mentioned minimum requirement are
still in place (Last Minute Risk Assessment).

In case of any discrepancy (i.e. clamps loosed, gratings or handrail removed)

immediate corrective action shall be taken before to work.

Access to site structure working platform still under construction is allowed only
in strictly compliance with the Fall Protection System Safe Work Practice.
 Last Minutes Risk Assessment 23

Toolbox meetings
Held by the Subcontractor Line
Supervision also as part of Safe
Execution of Work process for about
5 -10 min.

SWP
Last Minute
The topics are related to the specific task
Specific
Risk ongoing and to the related JHA/SWP and/or
Assessment
JHA Permit to Work. Workers shall be involved in
Toolbox sharing their opinion for a safe site.
Meeting
New information and reccomandation
may arise from the evaluation of the
context around
PTW Bottom up

TPIT enforce this process throughout

LINE SUPERVISION
 Modification and Inspection of Accessible Site Structure 24

Any opening to grating or handrail on a structure working platform declared

Accessible shall be subjected to a specific Permit to Work as required by the
Open Hole/ Grating Removal Safe Work Practice.
In addendum to the above mentioned Safe Work Practice the following
requirement shall be apply to carry out a handrail or grating removal:
Only authorized crew specifically trained on handrail and grating removal are
allowed to do so. Training material will be distributed by the Main Contractor.
Those authorized crews must be easily recognizable on site by means of a
RED tape stripe 3 cm large, placed around the hardhat and a specific badge,
which will be issued after the training.
The removal and reinstatement of the gratings shall be done with a safety
officer in attendance.
In order to keep under control the safe status of the site structure working
platforms, site HSE organisation shall perform systematic weekly inspections
of those structures checking gratings and handrails status.
Any discrepancy (i.e. clamps loosed, gratings or handrail removed) shall be
immediately reported to the direct Supervision to be immediately corrected
and to the main contractor Site HSE Manager.
GRATING REMOVAL OPEN HOLE
 Hazards on Grating Removal 26

Improper Grating Removal often are caused

FATLITIES

This is due to:

The falling of the heavy grating to workers
underneath
The falling of the workers removing the grating
together with the grating
The falling of the workers
Photo Gallery of High Pontential Accident Involving Grating Removal 27
Photo Gallery of High Pontential Accident Involving Grating Removal 28
Photo Gallery of High Pontential Accident Involving Grating Removal 29
 PURPOSE AND DEFINITION 30

TO PROVIDE SAFE GUIDELINES FOR THE TEMPORARY

REMOVAL OF GRATINGS AND FOR CREATING A HOLE IN A
FLOOR OR OTHER PART OF A STRUCTURE

TO ENSURE CONTROL ON ELEVATED WORKS AND FULL

IMPLEMENTATION OF FALL PROTECTION SYSTEM AT HEIGHTS

TO MAKE AVAILABLE IN THE PROJECT A SPECIFICALLY

DESIGNATED TRAINED CREW WHO WILL EXECUTE REMOVAL OF
GRATING

OPEN HOLE IS AN OPENING IN A FLOOR OR OTHER PART

OF A STRUCTURE WHERE IT IS POSSIBLE SOMEONE CAN
PUT HIS FOOT THRU THE HOLE

GRATING REMOVAL IS WHEN ANY GRATING ON A

STRUCTURE OR PLATFORM IS TO BE REMOVED
 SCENARIOUS 31

OPEN HOLE
WITH COVER

REMOVED
GRATING
 32

REMIND
A GRATING WEIGHTS MORE THAN
50KG PER SQUARE METER
CANNOT BE REMOVED EASILY

NEEDS A WORKING IN TEAM

PROCESS AND A SPECIFIC
METHODS !!!!!
 TASK REQUIREMENTS 33

REQUIREMENTS FOR WORKING ON GRATING

REMOVAL OR CREATING AN OPEN HOLE

TRAINING OF PERSONNEL
1. Working at Heights
2. Fall Protection
3. Permit to Work
EQUIPMENTS TO BE USED
1. Signs and Barricades
2. Tools
3. PPE
 SPECIFIC TASK TRAINING 34

Works at heights (wah)

TRAINING CARDS OF GRATING REMOVAL/OPEN HOLE CREW

 TASK TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS 35

ROPE FOR TIEING GRATING TIE WIRES

SCAFFOLD SPANNER

WIRE
CUTTER
HOOKS FOR
LIFTING GRATING
 TASK TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS 36

MATERIALS TO BE USED

SIGNS
DANGER
OPEN HOLE
PROTECTION
DO NOT REMOVE

BARRICADES
MINIMUM REQUIREMENT IS SCAFFOLDING PIPES

COVERS
SCAFFOLDING MATERIALS
PLYBOARDS MINIMUM 25 MM
AND CAN WITHSTAND 300 KGS. WEIGHTS
 TASK REQUEST 37

WHEN DO WE NEED TO
REMOVE A GRATING

OR

CREATE AN OPEN HOLE

IN

A FLOOR OR OTHER STRUCTURES

 TASK REQUEST 38

PIPE PENETRATIONS

OBSTRUCTIONS TO PIPE
ERECTION ALONG PERMANENT
HANDRAILS OF PLATFORMS

INSTALLATION OF
PIPE SUPPORT

INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL
/INSTRUMENT SUPPORT
OR PEDESTAL
 39

HOW WE HAVE TO
REMOVE A GRATING

OR
CREATE AN OPEN HOLE
IN

A FLOOR OR OTHER
STRUCTURES
 TRAINED CREW 40

ONLY DESIGNATED AND TRAINED CREW CAN REMOVE GRATING

OR CREATE AN OPEN HOLE IN A FLOOR OR OTHER STRUCTURES
 PROCEDURES 41

1..OBTAIN A OPEN HOLE /

GRATING REMOVAL
WORK PERMIT FOR
MOBILIZING MATERIALS

2.PERFORM ALL
PREPARATIONS BEFORE
THE ACTUAL REMOVAL
OF GRATING OR CREATING
AN OPEN HOLE

REFER TO THE SEVEN (7)

ITEMS IN THE GRATING REMOVAL PERMIT
 OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES
ACTIVITY CANNOT COMMENCE UNTIL THE FOLLOWING ACTIONS ARE COMPLETED:

1. Anchor points for the fall arrest harnesses have been identified
2. Employees have been instructed also by Tool Box Talk to wear and
tied-off the harness to the approved anchor points
3. Warning signs are in place (DANGER OPEN HOLE
PROTECTION DO NOT REMOVE)
4. A trained Hole Watch has been appointed and at the place of work
5. Adequate hard barricades have been securely fixed around the hole
AND barriers and signs underneath the possible drop zone
6. Hole covers available at work area (able to withstand 300kg load).
Must be securely fixed over the hole any time the area is
unattended
7. A drawing of the area has been attached to the permit identifying
the exact location where the grating is to be removed.
8. Area restatement at the end of the work is executed and checked
NOTE: THE ACT OF GRATING REMOVAL STARTS FROM THE
LOOSENING OF GRATING CLIPS
 OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL PERMIT EXAMPLE

1. GRATING REMOVAL / OPEN HOLE PERMIT Request by Applicant

Sub-Contractor: ____________________________ Date _______________ Starting Time ________________

Location: ________________________________ Extended Date: From: ___________ To: ___________

Nature of Work: ____________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Grating may only be removed when the employees are equipped with fall protection, safeguarding / barricading for the hole is
provided and warning signage is in place.

Hole Watch Yes / No Barricades Yes / No Hole Cover Yes / No

Safety Harnesses with twin lanyards and shock absorbers Yes / No Anchorage Yes / No

Signage DANGER OPEN HOLE PROTECTION DO NOT REMOVE

Hole must be covered or barricaded. Hole cover must be anchored / secured.

Open hole cover must be of substantial material. Minimum 25 mm undamaged wood.

ATTACH AREA PLOT PLAN INDICATING THE EXACT LOCATION WHERE THE GRATING HAS TO BE
REMOVED.
 OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES

THE

8
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES 45

Hole watch

Anchor points

1 ANCHOR POINTS FOR THE FALL ARREST SYSTEM

2 TRAINED HOLEWATCHER
OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES 46

3 TOOLBOX TALK : INSTRUCTIONS TO WEAR HARNESS

AND TIE-OFF TO APPROVED ANCHOR POINT
OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES 47

4 HARD BARRICADE AROUND THE GRATING TO BE

REMOVED OR WHERE AN OPEN HOLE WILL BE CREATED

5 WARNING SIGNS
OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES 48

WARNING SIGNS AND BARRIERS ALSO IN THE DROP

5
AREA UNDERNEATH
OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES 49

6 TOOLBOX TALK : INSTRUCTIONS TO WEAR HARNESS

AND TIE-OFF TO APPROVED ANCHOR POINT
 OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES 50

SINGLE LOCATION WHERE

A GRATING IS TO BE
REMOVED OR AN OPEN
HOLE IS TO BE CREATED

7 PLOT PLAN
 51

PROCEED

OK
WITH THE ACTUAL REMOVAL OF
GRATING OR CREATE AN OPEN HOLE ON
THE PLATFORM OR OTHER STRUCTURES
 OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE TASK EXECUTION 52

A
TYEING OF THE GRATING TO BE REMOVED BY ROPE OF
AT LEAST150 MM
 OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE TASK EXECUTION 53

B
LOOSEN GRATING CLIPS
 OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE TASK EXECUTION 54

C LIFT THE GRATING WITH THE USE OF HOOKS.

SLACKS ON ROPES TO ALLOW FREE MOVEMENT
WHILE GRATING IS SHIFTED WITH HOOKS.
OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE TASK EXECUTION 55

D COVER THE HOLE WITH SCAFFOLD PLANKS

 OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE TASK EXECUTION 56

ONCE MORE VERY IMPORTANT

GRATING SHALL BE REPLACED
WITH THE SAME PRECAUTION
ENSURING THAT IT
COMPLETELY REFIXED AT THE
END OF THE JOB

!
 OPEN HOLE / GRATING REMOVAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES 57

8 GRATING REFIXED WITH THE SAME PRECAUTION

 STOP 58

STOP FATAL INCIDENT DUE TO FALLS FROM GRATING OPENINGS