Adapted from: Puberty: Understanding Sexually

Transmitted Infections. SexualityandU.ca, 2010

WHAT DOES STI STAND
FOR?
 SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION
(STI)
Most STI have no symptoms
A person can have an STI and not know it!

Why would having no symptoms increase the risk

of getting an STI?
OPTIONAL ACTIVITY:
STI TRUE AND FALSE
https://www.healthunit.com/uploads/sti-true-and-false-quiz.pdf
 HOW CAN SOMEONE GET
AN STI?
Vaginal intercourse (the entering of the penis in the vagina)
Anal sex (the entering of the penis, finger or sex toy in the anus)
Oral sex (mouth on genitals)
Transmission from mother to baby in childbirth
Skin to Skin contact (touching of private parts)
Sharing equipment
Bodily fluids (Blood, semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk)
SYMPTOMS OF AN STI CAN INCLUDE:
Female
Male
Increased vaginal discharge
Watery or cloudy discharge
Vaginal itching from penis
Burning or pain when peeing Burning or itching around tip
Pain during sexual of penis
intercourse Frequent peeing
Bleeding between menstrual Testicular pain
periods
Burning pain when peeing
Pain in lower stomach
Lumps, bumps or sores
Lumps, bumps or sores
 WHAT IS THE ONLY 100 %
EFFECTIVE WAY OF PREVENTING
STIs AND PREGNANCY?
WHAT DOES ABSTINENCE MEAN?
Abstinence means not to do something
Sexual abstinence means to abstain from
different levels of sexual activity
Possible definitions of sexual abstinence
between two people could be:
Avoiding vaginal intercourse
Avoiding vaginal, oral and anal intercourse
Avoiding genital contact
WHAT ARE THE 3 TYPES OF STIs?

BACTERIAL

PARASITIC

VIRAL
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED STIs:
BACTERIAL (CURABLE)
Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Syphilis
 CHLAMYDIA
What is chlamydia?
Sexually transmitted bacterial infection
Among the most common STIs in the world
How do you get chlamydia?
Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or
vaginal sex
How do you prevent chlamydia?
Condoms can help prevent the spread of
chlamydia
Condoms and dental dams can be used for
protection during oral sex
 CHLAMYDIA
What are the symptoms of chlamydia?
Most people have no symptoms
Females are less likely to have symptoms then
men
How is chlamydia tested?
Testing is done by either swabbing the infected
area or with a urine sample
How is chlamydia treated?
The infection can usually be cured with a single
dose of antibiotics

Remember chlamydia is CURABLE!

CHLAMYDIA
 GONORRHEA
What is gonorrhea?
Sexually transmitted bacterial infection
How do you get gonorrhea?
Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal
sex
Can spread from an infected mother to her baby during
child birth
How do you prevent gonorrhea?
Condoms can help prevent the spread of gonorrhea
Condoms and dental dams can be used for protection
during oral sex
 GONORRHEA
What are the symptoms of gonorrhea?
Both females and males may have no symptoms
Remember, infected people who have no symptoms
can still pass along the infection
How is gonorrhea tested?
Testing is done by either swabbing the infected area or
with a urine sample
How is gonorrhea treated?
The infection can usually be cured with a single dose of
antibiotics

Remember gonorrhea is CURABLE!

GONORRHEA
 SYPHILIS
What is syphilis?
Sexually transmitted bacterial infection
Very rare STI
Can cause serious damage to the body if not cured, even
death
How do you get syphilis?
Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex
Can spread from an infected mother to her unborn child
How do you prevent syphilis?
Condoms can help prevent the spread of syphilis
Condoms and dental dams can be used for protection during
oral sex
 SYPHILIS
What are the symptoms of syphilis?
Syphilis produces a wide range of symptoms that are often
confused with other illnesses
Some people have no symptoms at all
How is syphilis tested?
Testing is done by either swabbing the infected area or with a
blood test
How is syphilis treated?
The infection can usually be cured with a single dose of
antibiotics
A person can get the infection again, so their partners should
also be tested

Remember syphilis is CURABLE!

SYPHILIS
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED STIs:
PARASITIC (CURABLE)
Pubic Lice

Scabies

Trichomoniasis
 PUBIC LICE

Caused by tiny wingless insects known as crabs.

The lice attach their eggs to the pubic hair and
feed on human blood
 TRICHOMONIASIS

Caused by a parasite that is usually sexually

transmitted, but it can survive 24 hours on wet
towels and bathing suits
 SCABIES

Caused by the itch mite. It burrows just under the skin

and lays eggs. The scabies mite can live for 2-4 days away
from the human body; therefore it can be transmitted
without sexual contact.
 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF A
PARASITIC STI
Intense itchiness
Reddish rash
Pain during sex or peeing
Vaginal discharge

HOW ARE PARASITIC STIs TREATED?

Shampoo
Lotion
Ointment
Antibiotic
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED STIs:
VIRAL (TREATABLE)
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

Herpes

Hepatitis

HIV / AIDS
HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)
Very contagious virus
Some people never get symptoms
HPV is spread through skin to skin contact , oral, anal
and vaginal sex with an infected partner
HPV can cause cancer of the cervix in women
HOW IS HPV TREATED?
Treatments remove the warts but do not remove the
virus from the blood
Most warts will clear over time
There is no cure for HPV
There is a vaccine available for female
students in grade 8
HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)
 GENITAL HERPES
Caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Spread through skin to skin contact and oral, anal
and vaginal intercourse
Some people with herpes never develop sores,
but are still contagious and may spread it to
others without knowing
People who have an initial outbreak can have
more outbreaks throughout the rest of their life
Remember herpes is not CURABLE it is
TREATABLE!
GENITAL HERPES
 HEPATITIS

Hepatitis is a virus that affects your liver

It can cause permanent liver disease and
cancer of the liver
Hepatitis A & B can be prevented by a vaccine
Vaccine is available to students in grade 7
Remember hepatitis is not CURABLE!
 HOW CAN SOMEONE LOWER THEIR
CHANCES OF GETTING HEPATITIS B?

Practice safer sex

Do not share instruments used in body-piercing,
tattooing or hair removal
Do not share toothbrushes or razors
Get vaccinated
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
(HIV) AND ACQUIRED
IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROM
(AIDS)
 HIV AND AIDS
HIV is the initial infection
AIDS is the advanced stage of the disease
Over a period of time, the virus attacks and
damages the bodys immune and nervous system

HOW IS HIV/AIDS SPREAD?

The virus is spread through body fluids
There is no cure for HIV infection
Once infected, you have HIV for life.
WHERE CAN SOMEONE GO FOR STI
TESTING AND TREATMENT?
Family Doctor
Walk-In Clinic
Health Unit STI clinic
 STI TESTING
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
Females: swabs of cervical secretions can be taken
Males: swabs of urethral secretions can be taken or urine can be
tested
Trichomoniasis
Diagnosed by taking a sample of vaginal discharge
The (dead) organism can sometimes be detected on a Pap smear.
Genital warts
Diagnosed by visual examination
Herpes
Usually diagnosed by sight, and by history
A swab of the lesion can be taken to confirm virus
Hepatitis B, C and HIV
Diagnosed by blood tests
 ARE YOU EMOTIONALLY READY TO
HAVE SEX? WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?

Should I have
sex?
 WHAT DOES SAFER SEX MEAN?

Communicating with your partner

Using protective barriers (condoms, dental dams)
Getting STI testing
Using birth control
Getting vaccinated
 QUESTIONS?
ONLY HAVE SEX BECAUSE YOU WANT TO !

Having sex once doesnt mean you have to have

it again

Stay educated

Talk to a parent, teacher, nurse or doctor

Communicate and practice safer sex

 THE CLINIC
Located at 50 King St at the corner of King
and Ridout by Budweiser Gardens
Birth control clinic, STI clinic and needle
exchange
Free testing and treatment of most STIs
Inexpensive birth control and morning after
pill